现在分词作状语(book4unit4).ppt

现在分词做状语,Revision:,_ is believing. 眼见为实。 In the summer we enjoy _(坐) under the big tree. Her job is _(照顾婴儿）。 The story is _(有趣的)。 How can you keep her _(等待) in the rain. The man _ (站在那里）is my father.,Finish the sentences.,Seeing,sitting,taking care of the babies,interesting,waiting,standing over there,主语,宾语,表语（动名词）,表语（现在分词）,宾语补足语,定语,现在分词作状语（adverbial),现在分词和现在分词短语可以在句子中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随状况。 基本句型： 1. 现在分词（分词短语），主语谓语其他句子成份。 2. 主语谓语其他句子成份, 现在分词（分词 短语） 。,When meeting guests, he often felt uneasy. Not knowing her telephone number, I didnt phone her. Turning to the left, youll see a school. The child fell off the tree, hitting his head against the ground.,表条件,表结果,表原因,表时间,可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 行为方式或伴随动作等。,1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard, youll surely succeed.,条件状语,If you use your head,If you work hard,2). Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.,(原因),Because he was poor,As we dont know her address,3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop. 4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off.,时间,When I was walking in the street.,结果,and this left the family even worse off,The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.,结果,5) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 6) He came running back to tell me the news.,伴随状语,方式,V -ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。,句型转换： When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _ the news, he jumped with joy. 2. As she was ill, she went home. _ ill, she went home. 3. The girl came in and she smiled. The girl came in _. She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. She sat at the desk _ a newspaper.,Hearing,Being,smiling,reading,表伴随状况,时间状语,原因状语,方式状语,现在分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？,1. When the Night came on ,they started for home. 1.The Night coming on ,they started for home. 2. As the last bus had gone, he had to walk home. 2.The last bus having gone, he had to walk home. 3.If time permits, we are going to climb the mountain tomorrow. 3.Time permitting, we are going to climb the mountain tomorrow.,4.They are talking with the teacher,and their children played outside. 4.They are talking with the teacher, their children playing outside. 5.Since it rained, I went to work with an umbrella. 5.It raining, I went to work with an umbrella.,Note: 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为:,Note: 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为:,独 立主格 结 构,I.名词普通格（代词主格）+现在分词,1.The Night coming on ,they started for home. 2.The last bus having gone, he had to walk home. 3.Time permitting, we are going to climb the mountain tomorrow. 4.They are talking with the teacher, their children playing outside. 5.It raining, I went to work with an umbrella.,1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. = _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her.,Rewrite the following sentences.,When,approaching,2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. = The person _ _ _can speak seven languages.,translating,the,songs,3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.,who,is,standing,4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _ _ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.,Coming,from,5. She sat at the desk and did her homework. = She sat at the desk _ _ _.,doing,her,homework,注意： 1. 为了使V-ing形式作状语所表达的意思更为明确。可在V-ing 前加适当的连词（when ;while; if ; though; unless 等） While he was waiting for a bus, he met Mary. =Waiting for the bus, he met Mary. =While waiting for the bus, he met Mary.,2.现在分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加once, although, though, until, if 等连词。 _(一旦) remembering the word, you will never forget it. _ （虽然）being tired, he went on doing the work. She didnt recognize Tony, _（直到）being greeted by him. _（如果） turning left, you will find a supermarket.,Once,Although,until,If,3. 现在分词作状语时，根据需要可以在分词前加after, before等介词。 After taking a bath, he went to bed. Having taken a bath, he went to bed. Before having supper, he did his homework.,4. 当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以使用“on动名词”的结构，翻译成“一就”, 能够用于这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词；如look, hear, see, open, close等。 Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. = On hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. _ _ the case, I saw the bird fly out of it. 一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。,On opening,一般形式：doing 现在分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生用 Hearing the sad news, she burst into tears. 2.否定形式: not doing Not knowing his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.,需要注意的事项,现在分词作状语的几种形式,3. 完成式：having done 当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生用分词的完成式 Having finished the class, she went home. 4.完成被动式：having been done Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder. 完成否定式： Not having received the reply, he decided to write another one.,5. 进行被动式：being done Being criticised by the teacher, the boy hung his head.,_ _ _ _, he missed the first bus. _ _ _ _ _ _, he stood up. _ _ _ _, he stopped to have a rest. _ _ _ _ _, she didnt know what he wanted.,没有早起，他错过了第一趟公共汽车。）,由于被要求回答这个问题，他站了起来。,已经完成了作业，他停下来休息。,没有与约翰谈过，她不知道他想要什么。,Not getting up early,Being asked to answer the question,Having finished his homework,Not having talked with John,注意：,现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与主句中主语一致。它们之间是主动关系。被动则用V-ed. 但是短语 generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the truth等是固定搭配。不受主语影响。 Judging from his face, he was very angry.,2. 作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. Studying hard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. Study hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college.,F,T,T,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.,Not having,working,Seeing,speaking,单句改错,5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.,pointing,Knock,making,Grammar work 语法专练 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday. 2. Look out(小心） for cars when _(cross) the street. 3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.,knowing,crossing,having been invited,4. He dived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed(暴露）. 5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned(别在） to the door, _ (read写着) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.” 6. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water. 7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.,leaving,reading,Taking,Having closed,1. The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _. A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, frightening D. frightened, frightened,Choose the best answer.,2. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing D. Examining,3. Mother caught the boy _ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking,4. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed,5. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked,6. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in,7. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted,8. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,9. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting,10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing,11. _in the queue for half an hour. Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To