2026全国春季高考英语学业考试总复习：阅读理解（知识梳理+考点讲义）原卷版

专题17阅读理解

目录

明晰学考要求

基础知识梳理

考点精讲讲练

考点一：细节理解题

考点二：推理判断题

考点三：词义猜测题

考点四：主旨大意题

实战能力训练

明晰学考要求

1.熟练语篇类型和语篇结构

2.明确命题规律和提问方式

3,掌握不同题型的解题方法

基础知识梳理

（一）整体理解

题型多样且关联紧密：阅读理解包含细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题等多种题

型，它们从不同角度考查考生对语篇的理解能力，且各题型之间存在一定关联，比如准确理解细节有助

于把握文章主旨，而主旨大意又能为推理判断等提供方向。

能力综合要求高：不仅需要考生具备词汇、语法等基础知识，还要求能运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、

寻读，准确把握语篇结构、命题规律，根据不同题型特点灵活运用相应解题方法，同时要善于进行语义

转换和逻辑推理。

（二）重点关注方向

信息精准定位与比对：对于细节理解题，无论是直接信息题还是间接信息题，关键在于能依据题干

准确提取关键词，快速在文中定位相关信息，并仔细比对选项与原文细节，注意同义替换、信息归纳等

正确选项特征以及张冠李戴、无中生有等干扰选项特征。

推理判断依据：推理判断题要严格依据阅读材料所提供信息进行推断，关注作者的用词、语气以及

文章的主旨，区分不同类型的推理判断题（如细节推理、观点态度推理、写作意图推理），明确各类型

的解题要点和常见命题方式。

词义猜测技巧运用：掌握多种词义猜测技巧，如根据定义或上下文解释、同位关系、构词法、因果

关系、指代关系、同义或近义关系、转折或对比关系等进行合理推测，同时要结合文章语境准确判断词

义。

主旨大意提炼：针对主旨大意题的不同类型（标题归纳题、文章大意题、段落大意题），要理解标

题特点，掌握确定文章标题的方法，学会通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等小窍门）

或归纳段落逻辑结构等方式来提炼文章及段落的主旨大意。

考点精讲精练

（-）细节理解题

题型特点：

设问方式多样：包括特殊疑问句形式（以when,where,what等疑问词引出）、判断是非形式（含

TRUE/FALSE等）、以“Accordingto...”开头的提问形式以及填空形式。

正确选项特征：

同义替换（关键词、词性、语态等变换）、信息归纳、正话反说、原文原词。

指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换C如把loseone'sjob换成了beoutof

同义替换worko有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成

ofimportance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。

信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。

正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。

原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项。

干扰选项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半。

张冠李戴是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。

无中生有符合常识，但不是文章的内容。

曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。

颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。

正误参半部分正确，部分错误。

解题方法:

直接信息题：采用“关键词定位法”，先从题干中提取名词、动词、数词等关键词，然后运用略读

及寻读技巧在文中定位相关信息，最后比对选项与原文细节确定答案。

1.依据题干信息，择定位关键词

细节理解直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查，且题目相对简单，所以，不必通篇细读全文，可先

通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词，即问题的核心信息

2.依据关键词，回原文定位信息进行比对

确定了定位关键词后，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题于有关的关键词,回到原文进行

信息定位，然后将选项内容与原文信息比对，得出正确答案。

间接信息题：命题隐蔽性强，需将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义转换、加工或整理，再比对选

项确定答案。

相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考

生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。

概括、归纳信息题：依据题干找到文中相应信息区间，用自己的语言归纳总结文中信息，然后挑

选与归纳内容最接近的选项作为答案。

是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题的正确

选项时经常使用的手段之一。考生首先应依据题干指向，找到文中相应的信息区间，然后尝试用自己的

语言去归纳总结文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳总结的信息最接近的选项作为

正确答案。

（二）推理判断题

题型分类及特点：

细节推理判断题：要求根据语篇内容推断具体细节，常借助短文提供信息或生活常识进行推理，注

意题干中常用的如infer、indicate等动词。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.

Comparedwithothersimilarproducts,thenewdesign.

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

Thewriter/authorindicates/suggests/impliesthat.

观点、态度推理判断题：

文章的观点或结论推理判断题：推测文中某一观点需把握全文中心思想，因为次要观点支撑主要

论点。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：

•Whatistheauthor'sopinionon...?

•Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...?

•Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat.

作者态度、语气推理判断题：通过作者措词、感情色彩判断，常见褒义词、贬义词、中性词等表

述。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：

•Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomebody/somethingis.

,Theauthor'sattitudetowards...canbebestdescribedas.

•Thetoneofthispassageisbestdescribedas.

写作意图推理判断题：揣测作者写作意图及运用写作手法的目的，要求考生理解文章大意并能归

纳总结、分析作者阐述问题的方法。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：

Themainpurposeofthistextis.

Whafstheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?

Itcanbeconcludedthatthepassageismainlywrittenfor.

Theauthorwritesthispassageto.

Theauthorinthispassageintendsto.

解题要点：严格按阅读材料信息推断，避免掺杂个人经验等；注意选项是否为材料简单重复而非推

断结论；关注文中虚拟语气和情态动词；客观对待作者叙述事实，避免主观推断；甄别细节是否与原文

相符。

（三）词义猜测题

考查内容：对单词、短语或句子意义的推断，包括生词、熟词新义以及替代词所替代内容的判断,

需根据短文语境推测。

猜词技巧：

根据定义或上下文解释猜测：利用逗号、破折号、括号等后的解释判断词义。

根据同位关系猜测：通过紧跟难词后的同位语解释来猜测词义。

根据构词法猜测：依据前缀、后缀、派生等构词知识推测词义。

根据因果关系猜测：根据原因预测结果或由结果找出原因来确定词义。

根据上下文的指代关系猜测：明确文章中代词指代的人或物，有时需总结前文内容得出指代对象。

根据同义或近义关系猜测：利用同句、同段或同篇文章中意思相同或相近的词来猜测词义。

根据转折或对比关系猜测：依据上下句连接词（如but、however等）判断逻辑关系，从而确定词

义。

（四）主旨大意题

题型分类及设问方式：

标题归纳题：常见设问如“Thebesttitleofthepassageis…”等，要求选出能准确概括文章主旨且具

概括性、针对性、醒目性的标题。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现:

Thebesttitleofthepassageis.

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

Themostappropriatetitleofthepassageis.

文章大意题：常见设问如“Whafsthemainidea/pointofthepassage?”等，需通过找主题句（利用转

折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等方法）或归纳段落中心思想来确定文章整体中心思想。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：

Whafsthemainidea/pointofthepassage?

Thepassageismainlyabout.

Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout.

•Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?

段落大意题：常见设问如“WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph...?,9等，可通过概括段落逻辑结

构（总分、分总、分总分等）或揣摩作者暗示来归纳段落大意。

该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：

WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph...?

Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyis

Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.

WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizePara.1?

Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

解题要点：理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的正面肯定法、反面否定法、研读备选项本身等方法;

学会运用浏览法快速找到主题句；准确概括段落逻辑结构以归纳段落大意。

例题精练，举一反三

（一）细节理解题示例

A

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.Q.,theRomansbuilt

theColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumarecontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfry

comparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfhn'sdesireforagoodviewanda

comfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;

gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

•Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R-Korea.Capacity.150,000.Opened.May1,1989.

•MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October1,1927.

,BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.

•OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

•KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.

22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.

B.BeaverStadium.

C.OhioStadium.

D.KyleField.

B

Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberries

containalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularly

highinantioxidants（抗氧化物质）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoids

weturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocares?

However,theyarerichinvitaminC.

24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?

A.Theycontainprotein.

B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.

C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.

D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.

C

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.The

generalruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzones

havelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa

2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.The

mediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenby

fewerpeoplethanthat.

30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800.B.About3,400.

C.About2,400.D.About1,200.

（二）推理判断题示例

D

Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyand

new,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.Thafsbad

newsfortheenvironment-andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythanthe

neweronesthatdothesamethings.

32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.

B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.

D.Theygooutofstylequickly.

E

We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,

deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.

32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Addictiontosmartphones.

B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.

C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.

D.Impatiencewithslowservice.

F

[l]ManyofusloveJulybecauseit*sthemonthwhennature*sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.These

colourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

[2]Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberries

containalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularly

highinantioxidants（抗氧化物质）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoids

weturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱科K）,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?

However,theyarerichinvitaminC.

[3]Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,

coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream^^.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuch

sweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffresh

lemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingon

theirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.

[4]Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa

“soft-serve“creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylove

feedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.

（三）词义猜测题示例

G

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoo

becamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthe

nation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications

inthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,

SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modem.

H

IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,Pvedone89trips-ofthose,51have

beenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（千名田胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthafs

howlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（捐献者）tothetimetheycanbe

implantedinthepatient,we*vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.

29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier“inParagraph1?

A.providerB.deliveryman

C.collectorD.medicaldoctor

I

[2]Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthe

musichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.

[3]It*sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopesto

widentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph3referto?

A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.

B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.

C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.

D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.

（四）主旨大意题示例

J

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheis

cookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatight

budget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbutt

offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

MorningBritainpresentersaysshe*sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe*slearntintopracticeinherownhome,

preparingmealsfbrsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,“she

explains.UIpay£5fbraportion（一份），butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,

sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe*renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethis

foodourselves.^^

Theeight-partseries（系列节目），SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV*sSaveMoney:

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeach

week.IntonighfsEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.

Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef

D.CookingWellforLess

K

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenless

comingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)

groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat

10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetween

them.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoo

becamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthe

nation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications

inthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,

SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.The

generalruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzones

havelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa

2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.The

mediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenby

fewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderly

speakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),Lipan

ApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseems

tohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

L

TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanycloser

toitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle-namedtheTransition-hastwoseats,four

wheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeight

minuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontank

ofgasandbums5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.

28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.

C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.D.ThedesignersoftheTransition.

实战能力训练

记叙文部分（A-E）

A

（2024高二下•湖南•学业考试）14-year-oldLeanneFanfromSanDiego,California,wasnamedthegrand

prizewinnerofthe20223MYoungScientistChallenge,thenation'stopmiddleschoolsciencecompetition.

LeanneFandevelopedtheFinsenHeadphones,alow-costheadphonedevicethatusesmachinelearningand

bluelighttherapy（疗法）todetectandtreatmid-earinfections（感染）inchildren-potentiallypreventingupto

60%ofhearinglossinchildren.Theworldsees700millioncasesofmid-earinfectionseveryyear.Fanhopesthat

thiscanbeaneffectiveandlow-costtreatmentoptionforthethousandswhoareaffected.

FanwasinspiredtocreatetheheadphonesthreeyearsagowhilelearningaboutNielsFinsen,whowonthe

NobelPrizein1903afterinventinglighttherapytotreatbacterial（细菌的）infections.64Ithought,"Thisisan

amazingidea,andIcanapplyittosomethingelseinmydailylifb,'"Fansaid.

Fantookhomethetopprize,earningthetitleof“America'sTopYoungScientist"and$25,000.Sheis

planningtousesomeoftheprizemoneytostartthepatentprocessfortheheadphones.Fanisoptimisticthatthe

FinsenHeadphoneswillbeabletohelppeopleinthenearfuture.

“Beingpartofthe3MYoungScientistChallengewasabsolutelythebestpartofmyyear,“Fansaid."Icould

meetscientiststhataremyageandgoingfortheirdreamstoo,andmadesomefriends.9,Shehopestoinspireother

girlswhowanttobecomeinventors."Evenasmallideacangofhr,“shesaid.tuIhadanideatousebluelighttokill

bacteriaandthreeyearslater,I'mhere.”

1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thecostoftheheadphonedevice.B.Theprocessofbluelighttherapy.

C.Thedescriptionoftheheadphones.D.Thecasesofmid-earinfections.

2.WhatinspiredLeanneFantocreatetheheadphones?

A.Herowndailylife.

B.HerdesirefortheNobelPrize.

C.Thefactsofbacterialinfections.

D.NielsFinsen'sinventionoflighttherapy.

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFan?

A.Outgoing.B.Patient.C.Creative.D.Hardworking.

4.WhatcanwelearnfromFan'sstory?

A.Evenasmallideacangofar.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.

B

（2024高二下•湖北•学业考试）Everydayforthelastthreeyears,millionaire（百万富翁）ZhongCongrong

haspickeduprubbishinhisneighborhoodandspreadtheenvironmentalawarenesstotheresidentsofChongqing.

Infact,theChongqingbusinessman'santi-litteringcampaignwasinspiredbyafamilytriptoHainanduring

ChineseNewYearin2015.There,hemetaretiredprofessorfromTsinghuaUniversitywhohadbeenpickingup

rubbishalongthebeachforfouryears.Zhongstartedcopyingthepracticearoundhishomethedayafterhe

returnedfromvacation.

Zhongencourageshisemployees-whoarelikelytobegiven10-yuanfinesiftheylitteratwork-tojoin

hiscampaign,too.Butheknowsthattheproblemcan'tbesolvedquickly,andthatbroadermeasuresmustbe

carriedouttoachievelong-termsuccess.

Atfirst,Zhong'swifeandchildrenfeltembarrassedbyhisbehavior.Forawhile,theyevenrefusedtowalk

nexttohiminpublic.Later,however,theirattitudeschanged,astheyrealizedthattheirneighborhoodwasindeed

becomingcleaner,andZhongwasbeingpraisedbytheirneighbors.Now,Zhong'swifehasbecomeananti-littering

campaignerherself.

“Theenvironmentremainsdirtynomatterhowmanyrubbishcollectorsthereare,“Zhongsaid."Theonly

solutionistoremindpeopleoftheresultsoflitteringandhopethatitmightchangetheirbehavior.^^

5.WhatmadeZhongCongrongdecidetopickuprubbish?

A.AtriptoHainan.B•Abusinessmeeting.C.Aprofessor^lecture.

6.WhatdoesZhongdoifhisemployeeslitteratwork?

A.Shoutatthem.B.Firethematonce.C.Punishthem.

7.WhatwasZhong'swife'sattitudetohisbehavioratfirst?

A.Angry.B.Joyful.C.Ashamed.

8.Whafsthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ZhongCongrongandHisBigDream

B.AMillionaireWhoPicksUpRubbish

C.AMillionaireandHisEnvironmentalGroups

c

（2023高一下•吉林•学业考试）Inafewminutes,schoolwastostart.Mysix-year-oldson,Dustin,was

crying.a6Idon'twanttogo,“hesaid.Eversincehe'denteredfirstgrade,hehadhatedschool.t4Whafsgoingon?If

hehatesschoolthismuchnow,howbadwillitbelateron?”Iwondered.Everykidsometimesdislikesschoolso

muchthatfivetotenpercentofthemdon'twanttoattend."Ifachildseemsworriedoranxiousaboutschool,

pretendsillnesstostayhome,orwon'ttalkaboutthingsoftheschoolday,youshouldbeconcerned（关心）,“saysa

schoolpsychologist（心理学家）,MichaelMartin.

Luckily,youcanusuallysolvetheproblemsometimesveryeasily.Inourcase,myhusbandandIvisited

Dustin'sclassandnoticedthattheteacher,justoutofcollege,calledonlyonkidswhosatrightunderhernose,

Dustin,whooftensatneartheback,wasignored（忽视）.Wesimplytoldhimtomovetothefront.Hedid,andhe

washappyagain.

9.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhersondidn'twanttogotoschool?

A.Shefelthappy.B.Shefeltworried.

C.Shefeltnothingimportant.D.Shefelthopeful.

10.Whichofthefollowingshowsthatachildlikesgoingtoschool?

A.Hehatestotalkaboutschool.B.Hepretendstobeillatschooltime.

C.Heenjoysgoingtoschoolevenifheissick.D.Hefeelsanxiouswhengoingtoschooleveryday.

11.WhafsthereasonwhyDustindislikesgoingtoschool?

A.Hefeelsignoredinclass.B.Heisafraidofhisteacher.

C.Heislaughedatbyhisclassmates.D.Hecan'tanswertheteacher9squestions.

D

（2024高二下•湖南娄底•学业考试）Agassiwasveryemotionalattheendofhisfinalgame.OnSeptember

3,theAmericantennisplayersaidatearfulgoodbyetohis21-yearcareerafterathird-rounddefeatintheUSOpen.

The36-year-oldtriedhisbest,butwasunabletokeepupwithGermanBenjaminBecker,morethantenyearshis

junior.

"ThescoreboardsaidIlosttoday,butwhatthescoreboarddoesn*tsayiswhatI'vefound,"Agassisaidtothe

fans."Ihavefoundinspirationandyouwilledmetosucceed."Itwasanemotionalspeechattheendofalong

career.Agassihatedtennisasateenagerasmuchashelovesitnow.Hisfathermadehimplaywhenhewasachild.

Hegotbored,andbecamearebel（叛逆者）.Thestricttrainingthathisfatherpusheduponhimgotinthewayofhis

wildlifestyle.

Askedwhathewouldsaytohis17-year-oldself,Agassianswered,"Iwouldsay,Iunderstandyoualotmore

thanIwanttobeyou.”

TheturningpointinAgassi'scareercamein1992whenheunexpectedlywonhisfirstGrandSlamat

Wimbledon.ItwasthefirsttimeAgassiunderstoodwhatrealchampionsfinallyunderstand:winningisatestof

nervesandnotjustpower;it*samarathon,notasprint（短跑）.

Agassiwasabouttobeginamarathon.Hecuthislonghair,gotfitterandtightenedupemotionally.Onthe

court,hewasrankedNo.1foralmosttwoyears.Hislowestpointcamei