(广东专版)2015年中考英语专题十二主谓一致课件.ppt

第二部分 语法专题 专题十二 主谓一致,精讲必备考点,考点一 主谓一致的基本原则,考点二 主谓一致的应用,考点三 谓语动词既可以用单数又可以用复数,主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致叫作主谓一致。 考点一 主谓一致的基本原则 主谓一致遵循的三个基本原则,考点二 主谓一致的应用 . 谓语动词用单数 谓语动词用单数的原则,注意： 1. “one or two + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午有一两个学生在植树。 2. “分数 + the number of .”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Two thirds of the number of our school are boys. 我们学校2/3的人数是男生。 3. 时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词作主语，若强调若干个个别单位而非整体概念时，谓语动词可用复数。这时多与pass，go by，waste，use，spend等词连用。 Five years have passed since I joined the Party. 我入党五年了。,4. 两个或两个以上的主语从句、动词不定式、动名词作主语，表示复数概念或意义时，谓语动词用复数。 What he says and what he does dont agree. 他所说的和他所做的不一致。 Swimming in summer and skating in winter are his greatest pleasure. 夏天游泳，冬天滑冰是他最大的乐趣。 . 谓语动词用复数 谓语动词用复数的原则,【典例精析】 1. A number of tourists _ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to,解析：句子的主语为“a number of + 名词”，所以谓语动词要用复数，且根据句中的many times可知，设空处想要表达的是“去过且已经回来了”。,2. Maths _ my favourite subject, what about you? Physics _. I think its very interesting. A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is,答案：A。,解析：maths和physics虽然都是复数形式，但表示的却是单数意义，指数学和物理两门学科。因此它们作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。,答案：A。,3. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was,解析：该句的谓语动词要根据except前面的主语来确定。其前的主语为everyone，所以，谓语动词用单数。根据从句的谓语动词began可知，句子要用一般过去时。,4. There _ a basketball game in our school this evening. A. is going to have B. will have C. will is D. will be,答案：D。,解析：根据句中的时间状语this evening可知，句子要用一般将来时。there be结构的将来时形式有there will be和there is going to be两种。,答案：D。,考点三 谓语动词既可以用单数又可以用复数 1. “分数 + 名词”和“百分数 + 名词”短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与其后面的名词保持一致。 Three fourths of the earth is covered by sea. 地球表面的3/4被海洋覆盖。 2. “a lot of / lots of / some of / all of / half of / the rest of + 名词（短语）”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词（短语）保持一致。 Most of her time spends in listening to music. 她的大部分时间花在听音乐上。 Lots of the boys in our school like basketball. 我们学校大部分男生喜欢打篮球。,3. 集体名词，如family，team，group，class，audience等作主语时，若强调集体，谓语动词用单数；若强调成员，谓语动词用复数。 Class One has a computer. 一班有一台电脑。 Class One are having a test. 一班的学生正在考试。 4. 代词none作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人的意思确定单数或复数。 None of them is a Party member. = None of them are Party numbers. 他们都不是党员。 5. such作为代词作主语时，谓语动词与其所指代的成分保持一致。