（江苏专用）2020版高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Theenvironment知能演练轻松闯关（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Unit 2 The environmentA卷 单项填空1The boss showed his_ of Toms hard work in the company by raising his pay to $5, 000 a month.AdistinctionBpromotionCappreciation DreservationC解析：句意：老板通过将Tom的月薪提升到5 000美元来表示对他的赏识。 appreciation“欣赏， 赏识”， 符合句意， 故答案为C项。 2(2019启东中学高三检测)The detective, _ to be reading a newspaper, glanced at the man _ next to a woman.Apretending; seated Bpretended; seatedCpretending; seat Dpretended; seatingA解析：第一空是现在分词作非限制性定语， 修饰the detective, 二者之间为主动关系， 所以用现在分词； 第二空是过去分词作定语， 修饰the man, seat“使就座”， 所以用其过去分词形式。 3(2019启东中学考前辅导)Scientists have created the worlds smallest “snowman”， _about a fifth of the width of a human hair.Ameasures BmeasuringCmeasured Dto measureB解析：measure作“量度达” 讲时是不及物动词， 和被修饰词snowman之间构成主动关系， 所以选measuring作定语。 4At last, the boys found themselves _ in a pleasant park with trees providing shade.Ato sit BsatCsitting Dhaving satC解析：此处为现在分词作宾补， 宾语themselves和sit之间构成主动关系，且强调进行，所以用其现在分词形式。5Love means you care about the _ of a person, that is, you hope he or she can lead a happy life. Aauthority BbeliefCpreference DwelfareD解析：authority权威， 权利； belief信仰， 相信； preference偏向， 优先权； welfare福利， 幸福； 根据you hope he or she can lead a happy life(你希望他或她能够过着幸福的生活)可知横线上应该填一个与此句对应的名词。 句意：爱意味着你关心一个人的幸福， 也就是说， 你希望他或她能够过着幸福的生活。 故选D。6I would appreciate_， to be frank, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.Ayou BthisCit DmyselfC解析：此处it作形式宾语， 代替后面的“if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。 to be frank为插入语。 且I would appreciate it if.，为固定搭配。7Some of you may have finished Unit one. _， you can go on to Unit two.AIf you may BIf you doCIf not DIf soD解析：句意：你们有些人可能已经完成单元一了。 如果是这样的话， 你们可以继续单元二的内容。 If soIf you have done that, 意为“如果是这样的话”， 与语境相符。8My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before Ive none in hand.Ahas run out Bis running outChas been run out Dis being running outB解析：句意：我的钱快用光了， 在用完之前我得去银行取一些。 run out为不及物动词短语， 不能用于被动语态。 9He stood up, _ a cigarette and left the room.Alighting BlightedCto light DlitD解析：这里表示的是三个连续的动作， 所以动词都用过去式形式， “点燃” 用作谓语时， 过去式通常是lit, lighted通常作定语。 10According to a recent survey, some TV programs should take _ for teenagers negative behavior. Ainfluence BresponsibilityCcredit DexplanationB解析：take responsibility for 对负责任。 句意：根据一个最近的调查， 有些电视节目应当对青少年的不良行为负责。 11With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare washing away Dare being washed awayD解析：本题考查了两个知识点。 其一是主谓一致：根据quantity的用法， quantities of复数名词或不可数名词作主语， 谓语动词与quantities保持一致， 故谓语动词要用复数形式， 排除了A、B两个选项； 其二考查了语态， “土壤是被冲走的”， 故选择D项。 12She and her roommate silently warred over matters _from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.Aranging BexchangingCtransforming DvaryingA解析：句意：她因许多事情而与室友暗地里不和， 诸如什么时候熄灯啦， 家具应如何摆放啦， 等等。 vary“变化”； range“(在一定范围内) 变动， 变化”， range from.to. 从到变化； exchange“交换”； transform“变换， 转换” 。 13(江苏卷)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and_to ruins，the city took on a new look.Areducing BreducedCbeing reduced Dhaving reducedC解析：句意：“在遭受大地震，沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出了新的面貌。”shortly after在之后不久，引导时间状语。after在此可视为介词，后接动名词作其宾语。根据短语reduce the city to ruins(使城市沦为废墟)可知，逻辑主语the city 与reduce构成被动关系，排除A、D两项；而and连接两个并列成分，根据suffering from a massive earthquake and_to ruins中suffering 的形式，可确定答案为being reduced。14The waves reached as high as 61 feet and moved rapidly through the city，_ down the wall of houses.Ahaving torn BtoreCtear DtearingD解析：the waves与tear down之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，另外，此处表示的是谓语动作带来的自然而然的结果，故用tearing down。15Well, youd better buy that shirt.Brown and black dont go together._ I wear it with another shirt?AHow do you like BDo you meanCWhat if DHow aboutC解析：由语境可知答句句意：我把它和另一件衬衣配在一起穿怎么样？ 阅读理解ASALT LAKE CITYThe Utah Jazz basketball team signed a 5yearold. Freeagent player to a oneday contract for a special performance in October. The Utah Jazz has just made his dream come true. The boy has suffered from blood cancer since 2012.JP Gibson, who was diagnosed with severe blood cancer, signed his contract with Jazz President Randy Rigby before joining the team for the preseason training play at Utah Jazzs sport center. JP was joined by his parents, Josh and Megan, and his 2yearold sister, Elsie.The activity was hosted by the Jazz and photographer Jon Diazs “Anything Can Be” project, which provides support and hope to families like the Gibsons. Jon Diaz asks children with cancer what their dreams and wishes are, and he writes their stories in a book. JP, wearing a No. 1 shirt, even got to play in the play. He passed the ball, and Rudy Obert, a player of Utah Jazz, lifted him up so he could dunk(扣篮) and shake hands with some players as fans were cheerful.“JP loves most sports, but basketball is absolutely his favorite，” Megan Gibson said in a statement released by the Jazz.“When he was just over one year old, he would sit with my husband, Josh, watching games. He started insisting on shooting hoops(投篮) for an hour each night before bedtime when he was just 15 months old. He knows he has to be 6 before he can play Junior Jazz, and he reminds us all the time that he cant wait until hes 6.”【解题导语】本文是新闻报道类文章。 这篇报道来自盐湖城， 该城的The Utah Jazz篮球队帮助患了血癌的五岁儿童篮球迷实现“扣篮” 的梦想。 1Utah Jazz signs a 5yearold JP Gibson just to _Amake the team more famousBrealize the dream of JP GibsonCsatisfy the taste of the fansDpromote the “Anything Can Be” projectB解析：细节理解题。 根据题干关键词a 5yearold JP Gibson找到文章对应段落是文章第一段，由Freeagent player to a oneday contract for a special performance in October.The Utah Jazz has just made his dream come true.可知Utah Jazz与五岁的JP Gibson签约就是为了帮助JP Gibson实现他的梦想。 故选B。 2“Anything Can Be” project _Araises money to help the development of NBABprovides support and hope to kids loving basketballChas kids with cancer write their stories in a bookDoffers assistance to those who are in misfortuneD解析：推理判断题。 根据题干中的“Anything Can Be” project找到文章对应段落是文章第三段， 其中的第一句话The activity was hosted by the Jazz and photographer Jon Diazs “Anything Can Be” project, which provides support and hope to families like the Gibsons.中的关键词provides support and hope to families like the Gibsons推断该项目主要是为那些处于困难中的家庭提供援助。 故选D。 BOld Problem, New ApproachesWhile clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life, global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least, the US National Climate Assessment says that：“There is no onesize fits all adaptation.” Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His notforprofit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接) to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphels inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200，000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphels ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will，perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.Increasing Earths reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses(which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the lifegiving ice. The outcome is still far from clear. But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like thiseither by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense. But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, its a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.【解题导语】尽管清洁能源在如今的生活中被越来越多地使用，全球变暖仍将在未来的几十年中继续。面对这个问题，人们想出了不同的具有创造性的方法来适应它。3The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies_Aadaptation is an everchanging processBthe cost of adaptation varies with timeCglobal warming affects adaptation formsDadaptation to climate change is challengingA解析：句意理解题。根据上文中的“We are therefore.but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.”可知，对于不断变化的环境，没有一个通用的方法来解决所有这样的问题。故画线部分暗示的是适应环境也是一个不断变化的过程。故A正确。4What is special with regard to Rezwans project?AThe project receives government support.BDifferent organizations work with each other.CHis organization makes the best of a bad situation.DThe project connects flooded roads and highways.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，世界范围内尤其是一些贫穷地区的人们使用了令人意想不到的方法去适应环境的改变，化劣势为优势，再结合下文的内容可知，Rezwan 就是这么做的，故答案为C。5What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?AStoring ice for future use.BProtecting the glaciers from melting.CChanging the irrigation time.DPostponing the melting of the glaciers.A解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring.”可知，他把水引入盆地，水在那里结冰并被存储到春天使用，故A正确。6What do we learn from the Peru example?AWhite paint is usually safe for buildings.BThe global warming trend cannot be stopped.CThis country is heating up too quickly.DSunlight reflection may relieve global warming.D解析：推理判断题。根据第六段的内容可知，在秘鲁当地的农民会把整个山峰涂成白色来增强对阳光的反射，希望借此来保护冰不被融化；再结合第五段的内容可知，反射太阳光可能会减轻全球变暖，故D项正确。7According to the author, polluting industries should_Aadapt to carbon pollutionBplant highly profitable cropsCleave carbon emission aloneDfight against carbon pollutionD解析：推理判断题。根据第七段中的“When the polluting industries argue that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt”可知，污染行业辩称因为人们没有赢得治理碳污染的战役，只能适应，再结合下文的“its a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual” 可知，作者认为污染行业的这种说法是荒谬的，其目的是给自己的商业行为制造借口。由此可推知，对于污染行业来说，负责任的做法是同碳污染抗争，以减少碳排放，故D项正确。8Whats the authors preferred solution to global warming?ASetting up a new standard.BReducing carbon emission.CAdapting to climate change.DMonitoring polluting industries.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.” 可知，作者认为最明智的应对全球变暖的方法是减少碳排放，故B项正确。B卷 完形填空I spent last summer volunteering at a hospital. It was a gift to _1_ so many amazing people and Id like to share one of these moments. One day, I was called to a room where a(n) _2_ woman was staying. Usually I helped with _3_ who were ready to leave. Instead, she _4_ to go to the gift shop. I got a _5_， helped her into it, and headed down to the entrance.When we got there, it wasnt open yet. After a 30minute _6_， we entered the gift shop. As I pushed her around, I could see the _7_ in her face as she looked at everything, happy to be out of her room. She _8_ some window decorations, and then saw chocolates. She asked me to push her in that _9_， and then I helped her _10_ all the different chocolate arrangements._11_she decided on three different boxes.She told me to write the numbers 1，2 and 3 on the boxes. She _12_ that the nurses were taking such good care of her, so she _13_ chocolates for each of the three shifts of nurses. As we gave the current shift of nurses their box of chocolates, they _14_ offered some to me before taking some themselves.There were _15_ all around. Witnessing the old ladys _16_ and getting the opportunity to spend time with someone who got so much joy from life were a _17_ in itself. I have so many more stories, and each person made an impact on my life. Ive _18_ that health has a way of bringing people together. _19_ is a blessing, and being in a place where health is so _20_ and appreciated is unlike anything else.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在医院做义工的经历，老人的善良和快乐让作者领悟到健康是福的道理。1AintroduceBmeetCattractDdescribeB解析：上文提到作者在医院做义工，下文提到分享故事，由此可知，此处指“见到”许多了不起的人。故选B项。2Aelderly BstrangeCimportant DfamousA解析：从下文的“old ladys”可知，此处指“上了年纪的”。故选A项。3Anurses BkidsCpatients DparentsC解析：从语境可知，此处指作者作为医院的义工，通常帮助那些准备离开的“病人”。故选C项。4Apretended BwantedCfailed DpromisedB解析：上文提到作者通常帮助那些准备离开的病人。结合Instead “反而”可知，此处老人并不是准备离开，而是想去礼品店。故选B项。5Acar Bshopping cartCwheelchair DbikeC解析：从下文的“As I pushed her around”可知，此处指“轮椅”。故选C项。6Aride BwalkCdrive DwaitD解析：前一句提到“当我们到达礼品店时，商店还没有开门”，可以推断此处指30分钟的“等待”。故选D项。7Arelief BanxietyCjoy DpuzzleC解析：从空后的“happy to be out of her room”可知，此处指“高兴”。故选C项。8Achose BmadeCused DreceivedA解析：上文提到“she looked at everything”，接下来应是“选择”。故选A项。9Amanner BcaseCdirection DpointC解析：结合语境可知，此处指老人要求作者推着她朝巧克力的方向走去。故选C项。10Aprepare for Bmake upCfigure out Dlook throughD解析：根据空后的“all the different chocolate arrangements”可以推出，此处指作者帮老人“浏览”了所有不同的巧克力的布置。故选D项。11ASuddenly BEventuallyCFortunately DActuallyB解析：在作者帮老人浏览完后，“最终”老人做出了决定。故选B项。12Aexplained BdeclaredCexpected DimaginedA解析：上文提到老人购买了三种不同盒子的巧克力并让作者在上面写上数字。接下来是老人向作者解释为何这样做。故选A项。13Aexchanged BdesignedCtasted DboughtD解析：老人解释说护士们如此精心地照顾她，所以她为轮班的护士“买”了巧克力。故选D项。14Ain fact Bat a lossCin turn Dat easeC解析：当作者他们给当前值班护士巧克力时，值班护士转而给了作者一些。故选C项。15Awhispers BsmilesCshouts DcheersB解析：从下文的“who got so much joy from life”可知，此处指“微笑”。故选B项。16Akindness BchoiceCdecision DlonelinessA解析：结合上文老人的行为不难看出，老人是一个善良的人。故选A项。17Alesson BchanceCgift DfactC解析：此处指作者的感慨：能和从生活中得到如此多快乐的人在一起本身就是一个“礼物”，和上文第一段中的“It was a gift to.people”相呼应。故选C项。18Aconcluded BimaginedCpredicted DlearnedD解析：此处指作者从做义工的经历中“学习”到，健康常常把人们聚集在一起。故选D项。19AHealth BLuckCVirtue DPraiseA解析：上文中作者提到健康，接下来说，“健康”是福，符合语境。故选A项。20Atested BvaluedCmaintained DpromotedB解析：此处指待在健康被如此“重视”的地方和其他事情不同，空处与空后的“appreciated”并列。故选B项。 阅读理解ABob Dylan, born on May 24, 1941, is an American songwriter, singer, artist and writer. He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when his songs showed social unrest. Early songs such as Blowin in the Wind and The Times They Are aChangin promoted the American civil rights and antiwar movements.Dylans songs include a wide range of political, social and literary influences. They challenged existing pop music conventions and appealed to the growing counterculture. His recording career, spanning more than 50 years, has explored the traditions in American song, from folk, blues, and country to rock n roll, and to English, Scottish, and Irish folk music, even jazz and the Great American Songbook. He has toured steadily since the late 1980s on what has been called the Never Ending Tour. His accomplishments as a recording artist and performer have been central to his career, but songwriting is considered his greatest contribution.As a musician, Dylan has sold more than 100 million records, making him one of the bestselling artists of all time. He has also received numerous awards including eleven Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. The Pulitzer Prize jury in 2008 awarded him a special citation(引言) for his influence on popular music