课件：专业英语之黄芪丹参六味地黄丸.ppt

Radix Astragali（黄芪）,Milkvetch Root,Origins Tonic herbs 滋补药材 Heat-removing drugs 清热药 Purgating drugs 泻下药 Medicines for rheumatism 祛风湿药 Hemostatics 止血药,Plant morphology A perennial herb, main root stout. 多年生草本，主根粗壮。 Stem erect and branched at the upper part. 茎直立，上部分枝。 Leaves odd-pinnately compound, alternate. 奇数羽状复叶，互生。 Flowers in axillary racemes, calyx campanulate. 花为总状花序，腋生，花萼钟形。,Collection and preparation The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from soil, rootlet and root stock, and dried in sun. 春秋季节采收药材，去除泥土、细根、根头，晒干。,Description Externally pale brownish-yellow or pale brown, with irregular, longitudinal wrinkles and more transverse lenticel-like protrudings, cork easily exfoliated, exposing yellowish-white cortex, sometimes showing reticulated fibre bundles. 表面为浅棕黄色或浅棕色，有不规则纵皱纹和众多横长皮孔样突起，栓皮易剥落而露出黄白色皮部，有时可见网状纤维束。 Wood pale yellow with radiate striations and fissures, the centre part of old root occasionally rotten-wood-shaped.木部淡黄色，有放射状纹理和裂隙，老根中心偶呈枯朽状。,理化鉴别 Filter-filtrate 过滤-滤液 Neural aluminium oxide column 中性氧化铝rate Elute-elutate 洗脱-洗脱液 Residue 残渣 n-butanol saturated with water 水饱和正丁醇 The test solution 供试品溶液 CRS chemical reference standards 化学对照品 The reference solution 标准溶液 Thin layer chromatography 薄层色谱 Sulfuric acid 硫酸 formic acid 甲酸 Fluorescent spots 荧光斑点,取本品粉末1g，加三氯甲烷20ml，加热回流30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加三氯甲烷1ml使溶解作为供试品溶液。另取五味子对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取五味子甲素对照品，加三氯甲烷制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。,To 1 g of the powder add 20 ml of chloroform, heat under reflux on a water bath for 0.5 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in 1 ml of chloroform as the test solution. Produce a solution of Fructus Schsandrae Chinensis reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Dissolve deoxyschizandrin (五味子甲素) CRS in chloroform to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution.,照薄层色谱法（附录VIB）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各2uL，分别点于同一硅胶GF254薄层板上，以石油醚-甲酸乙酯-甲酸（15：5：1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外灯光下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。,Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B), using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and the upper layer of petroleum ether (3060)-ethyl formate-formic acid (15:5:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 ml each of the three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in air, examine under ultraviolet light (254 nm). The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots obtained with the reference drug solution and the reference solution.,功效 补气固表，排脓生肌 适应症 气虚乏力，久泻脱肛，自汗水肿，子宫脱垂，慢性肾炎蛋白尿，糖尿病，疮口久不愈合,Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae (丹参),Plant morphology Deciduous 落叶的 Pubescent adj. 有软毛的 Vermillion n. adj.朱红色的 Serrate adj. 锯齿的 Verticillate adj.轮生的，环生的 pseudo- 假的 Falcate adj. 钩状的 Retuse adj. （树叶）浅凹形的 Apex 顶点，尖端 Anther 花药，花粉囊 Gynobasic 雌蕊托,Description/性状 根茎呈圆柱形或圆锥形，常稍弯曲，有分支，长10-30cm，直径03-1.5 cm。表面砖红色、棕红色或紫棕色。皮粗糙，有不规则的纵沟或纵皱纹，老根外皮常呈鳞片剥落，根头部有时残留茎基。质坚而脆，易折断，断面不平坦，纤维性，外皮砖红色，本部导管成束，黄白色，呈放射状排列。气微，味甘微苦。,Microscopical characters 显微特征 Cork cells yellowish-brown, subsquare or polygonal in surface view, containing reddish-crown pigments, dissolved on mounting in chloral hydrate solution. 木栓细胞黄棕色，表面观类方形或多角形，含有红棕色色素，水合氯醛透化后色素溶解。,Physical and Chemical Identification Apply several drops of the filtrate to a piece of filter paper, allow it to dry and examine under ultra-violet light, a bright bluish-grey fluorescence is produced. 取几滴滤液于滤纸上，晾干，在紫外灯下检视，可见亮蓝灰色斑点。 Expose the filter paper to ammonia vapour for 20minutes, remove the filter paper and examine again under ultraviolet light, a pale bluish-green fluorescent is produced. 将该滤纸至于氨蒸气中20min，取出，再在紫外灯下检视，可见浅蓝绿色荧光斑点。,Ferric chloride 三氯化铁 Ether 乙醚 A stoppered test tube 具塞试管 Ethyl acetate 乙酸乙酯 Petroleum ether 石油醚 Acetone 丙酮 Dilute ethanol 稀乙醇 Absolute alcohol / anhydrous ethanol 无水乙醇,Assay Tanshinone IIA Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography (Appendix VI D). Chromatographic system and system suitability Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol and water (75:25) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 270nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 2000, calculated with the reference to the peak of tanshinone IIA. Reference solution Accurately weigh 10mg of tanshinone IIA CRS to a 50ml amber volumberic flask. Dissolve and dilute with methanol to volume and mix well. Accurately measure 2ml to a 25ml volumetric flask, dilute with methanol to volume, and mix well (containing 16 g of tanshinone IIA per ml).,Test solution Weight accurately 0.3g of the powder (through a No. 3 sieve) to a stopper conical flask. Add accurately 50ml of methanol, and weigh. Heat under reflux for 1hour, cool, weigh again, make up the loss of weight with methanol, mix well and filter, use the successive filtrate as the test solution.,Procedure Accurately inject 5l of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, determine and calculate the content. It contains not less than 0.2 per cent of tanshinone IIA (C19 H18O3).,Extractives Water-soluble extractives Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble extractives, not less than 35.0 per cent. Ethanol-soluble extractives Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives (Appendix X A, hot extraction method ), using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 15.0 per cent.,Processing Remove foreign matter and remains of stem, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry. Precaution Incompatible with Veratri Nigri Radix et Rhizoma (藜芦). Storage Preserve in a dry place.,Liuwei Dihuang Pills 六味地黄丸,Ingredients处方 Pr