2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2Theenvironment模拟高考强化练牛津译林版.docx

Unit 2 The environment模拟高考强化练练模拟.阅读理解(2018河南中原名校高三预测)Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels，wereallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswontaffectmostofusdirectly，itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted：chocolate.AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration，changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacaotheplantfromwhichchocolateisproducedmaymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.Mostoftheworldscacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator，withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast.Itspredictedthatby2050，climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise，makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.Theproblemdoesntlieinincreasedheat，however，butinlowerhumidity(湿度)，asitsbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.“Inotherwords，ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants，itsunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture(含水量) loss，”MichonScott，theessaysauthor，wrote.Tohelpfightthisproblem，researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology，accordingtoUSNews.Inthemeantime，UScompanyMars，oneoftheworldsbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts，announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.“Thisisaworldissue，anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether，”MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart，wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwereunlucky，chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，为制造巧克力提供原料的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史。1Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?ATheincreasedheatthere.BThehigherhumiditythere.CThedecreaseinrainfallthere.DThemoisturelossinthesoilthere.答案D解析细节理解题。由第七段可知，未来赤道附近的可可树很难存活，是因为那里土壤中水分的流失，故选D。2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”intheseventhparagraphmean?AHoldback.BMakeupfor.CProtect.DAccept.答案B解析词义猜测题。由第七段可知，高温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量不可能增长到足以抵消水分流失的水平，所以“offset”的意思是“弥补，抵消”，故选B。3WhatwillUScompanyMarsdotohelpcacaosurvive?AItwillworkhardtoplantcacaoingreenhouses.BItwillapplygeneeditingtechnologyinplantingcacao.CItwillgivefinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange.DItwilldevelopcacaothatcansurviveindryerconditions.答案C解析细节理解题。由倒数第三段可知，美国的火星巧克力公司将为对抗气候变化提供资金援助，故选C。4Whatmaybethebesttitleforthistext?AChocolateCouldBecomeHistoryBWorkTogethertoFightClimateChangeCHowDoWeGrowCacaointheFuture?DHowDoCacaoPlantsAffectClimateChange?答案A解析标题归纳题。本文主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，为制造巧克力提供原料的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史，故选A。.七选五(2018江西新余高三模拟)Manypeoplethinkofguysasbeingcarefreewhenitcomestotheirappearance.Butinfact，alotofguysspendplentyoftimeinfrontofthemirror.Theycarejustasmuchasgirlsdoabouttheirbodyimage.Bodyimageisapersonsopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance.5Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptitsimperfections.6Herearesomeideas.Recognizeyourstrengths.Differentbodytypesaregoodfordifferentthings.Whatdoesyourbodydowell? Maybeyourspeed，strength，orcoordinationmakesyoubetterthanothersatacertainsport.Thatmaybebasketball，tabletennis，mountainbiking，dancing，orevenrunning.Orperhapsyouhavenonsportsskills，likedrawing，painting，singing，playingamusicalinstrument，writing，oracting.7Exerciseregularly.Exercisecanhelpyoulookwellandfeelgoodaboutyourself.Goodphysiques(体形) dontjusthappen.8Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutesto1hourthreedaysaweek.Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits.Respectyourbody.Practicinggoodhabitsregularshowering；takingcareofyourteeth，hairandskin；wearingcleanclothes，andsooncanhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage.9Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare.Yourtalentforcomedy，aquickwit(智慧)，andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique.Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover.ABeyourself.BJustexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout.CSo，whatcanyoudotodevelopapositivebodyimage?DUsethisasanopportunitytodiscoverwhatyouregoodat.EThegoodnewsisthatselfimageandbodyimagecanbechanged.FTheytakehardwork，regularworkouts，andahealthydiet.GHavingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook.语篇解读男孩其实和女孩一样很在意自己的形象，本文就如何才能有好的形象提出了几点建议。5答案G解析空前的意思是：身体形象是一个人对自己的身体和面貌特征的看法和想法。空后的意思是：你欣赏你身体的能力并接受它的不足。所以这里选G(有积极的形象意味着我们对于自己的长相是满意的。)与上下文一致。6答案C解析空后的意思是：这里有一些建议。所以这里选C(所以为了发展一个健康的形象你可以做什么？)与上下文一致。7答案B解析空前的意思是：或许你有非运动技巧，像画画、唱歌、玩乐器、写作或者表演。所以这里选B(只需探索你感觉好的天赋。)与上下文一致。8答案F解析空前的意思是：好的身材不会凭空就会有。空后的意思是：健康的习惯是像一周三天二十分钟到一个小时的锻炼时间这样简单。所以这里选F(好的身体需要努力、有规律的锻炼和健康的饮食。)与上下文一致。9答案A解析该空为段落小标题。下文的意思是：你的身体只是你自己的一部分。不要被一些小缺点所掌控。所以这里选A(做你自己。)与上下文一致。过高考.完形填空(2016浙江)Duringthewar，myhusbandwasstationedatanarmycampinadesertinCalifornia.Iwenttolivethereinordertobe10him.Ihatedtheplace.Ihadnever11beensounhappy.Myhusbandwasorderedoutonalongtermduty，andIwasleftinatinyshack(棚屋) alone.Theheatwas12almost125Fevenintheshadeofacactus(仙人掌)13asoultotalkto.Thewindblewnonstop，andallthefoodIate，andtheveryairIbreathed，were14withsand，sand，sand!IwassosorryformyselfthatIwrotetomyparents.ItoldthemIwas15andcomingbackhome.IsaidIcouldntstanditoneminutelonger.I16beinprison! Myfatheransweredmy17withjusttwolinestwolinesthatwillalwayssinginmy18twolinesthatcompletelychangedmylife：Twomenlookedoutfromprisonbars，Onesawthemud，theothersawthestars.Ireadthosetwolines19.Iwasashamedofmyself.ImadeupmymindIwouldfindoutwhatwasgoodinmypresent20；Iwouldlookforthestars.Imadefriendswiththenatives，andtheir21amazedme.Theygavemepresentsoftheirfavoriteartworkswhichtheyhad22toselltotourists.Istudiedthedelightfulformsofthecactus.Iwatchedforthedesertsunsets，and23forseashellsthathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsagowhenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanocean24.Whatbroughtaboutthis25changeinme? Thedeserthadntchanged，26Ihad.Ihad changed my 27 .And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing28ofmylife.IwasexcitedbythisnewworldthatIhaddiscovered.Ihadlookedoutofmyselfcreatedprisonand29thestars.语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生活和恶劣的生存环境让+作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给她的信中只有两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了生活态度，学会了在逆境中享受生活。10A.offBbehindCnearDbeyond答案C解析根据空格前的wenttolivethere可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近(near)一些。off离开；behind在后面；near在附近；beyond超出，远于。11A.beforeBalreadyCthenDstill答案A解析根据上文使用的过去时及第二段第三句“IsaidIcouldntstanditoneminutelonger.”可知，作者在此之前(before)从未那么不快乐过。before在之前；already已经；then然后，那么；still仍然。12A.inflexibleBincomprehensibleCuncontrollableDunbearable答案D解析由破折号后的“almost125Fevenintheshadeofacactus(仙人掌)”可知，即便是在仙人掌的阴凉里，这种炎热也是让人无法忍受的(unbearable)。inflexible缺乏弹性的，不可改变的；incomprehensible难懂的，不可理解的；uncontrollable控制不住的，无法管束的；unbearable无法忍受的，承受不住的。13A.OnlyBNotCManyDSuch答案B解析由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住的地方环境很恶劣，可推知空格处应该指这里没有(not)作者可以与之聊天的人。only仅仅，只有；not没有；many许多；such那样的。14A.coveredBfilledCburiedDcharged答案B解析becoveredwith用覆盖；befilledwith充满；beburiedwith被掩埋；bechargedwith被指控犯(罪)。由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空气，到处都充满了(werefilledwith)沙子。15A.catchingupBkeepingupCgivingupDgettingup答案C解析由后面的“IsaidIcouldntstanditoneminutelonger.”可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的环境，作者打算放弃(giveup)并准备回家。catchup赶上；keepup保持，维持；giveup放弃；getup起床。16A.oughttoBmightwellCwouldratherDhadbetter答案C解析由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿(wouldrather)去蹲监狱。oughtto应该；mightwell有可能；wouldrather宁愿；hadbetter最好。17A.requestBcallCquestionDletter答案D解析由该段第一句中的“.Iwrotetomyparents.”可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信。request请求，要求；call通话，召唤；question问题；letter信。18A.comparisonBimaginationCconsiderationDmemory答案D解析由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度，所以这两行话总是在她的记忆(memory)里唱响。comparison对比；imagination想象；consideration考虑，体贴；memory记忆。19A.overandoverBbyandbyCupanddownDnowandthen答案A解析由上下文语境可知，作者收到父亲的信后反复(overandover)阅读，并为自己感到羞愧。overandover再三，反复；byandby不久，很快；upanddown上上下下，来回；nowandthen不时，时常。20A.companyBoccupationCsituationDrelationship答案C解析由上文可知，空格所在句表示作者下定决心找到自己目前处境(situation)的优势。company陪伴，公司；occupation工作，占用；situation处境，状况；relationship关系。21A.movementBreactionCguidanceDpurpose答案B解析由该段内容可知，作者与当地人交朋友，而他们把最喜欢的艺术品作为礼物送给作者。他们的反应(reaction)让作者感到吃惊。movement运动，活动；reaction反应；guidance指导；purpose目的。22A.refusedBfailedCmanagedDhappened答案A解析由上下文语境可知，当地人对作者作出的反应让作者感到吃惊，因为他们竟然舍得将拒绝(refuse)卖给游客的艺术品当作礼物送给作者。refuse拒绝；fail失败，不及格；manage管理；happen发生，碰巧。23A.askedBhuntedCwaitedDheaded答案B解析各选项均可与空格后的for构成短语。askfor请求，要求；huntfor寻找；waitfor等待；headfor前往。由下文中的定语从句“.thathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsago.”可知，作者在沙漠里寻找(huntfor)几百万年前遗留下来的贝壳。24A.floorBsurfaceCrockDlevel答案A解析由空格所在句“.whenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanocean.”可知，沙漠里的沙地曾经是海底(floor)。floor底部，地面；surface表面；rock岩石；level水平。25A.shockingBchallengingCpuzzlingDastonishing答案D解析由上文可以看出，作者由最初的抱怨并打算放弃在沙漠中的生活，到后来接受自己的处境并学会欣赏生活中的美好可以看出，作者的变化是令人十分惊讶的(astonishing)。shocking骇人的；challenging具有挑战性的；puzzling令人迷惑的。26A.asBbutCforDor答案B解析由上文可以看出，沙漠没有改变，但(but)作者发生了变化。as表原因；but表转折；for表原因；or表示出现相反的情况。27A.attitudeBprincipleCidentityDstandard答案A解析由上文可以看出，作者由最初的不快乐到后来学会享受沙漠生活，完全是因为自己对生活的态度发生了改变。attitude态度；principle原则；identity身份，一致；standard标准。28A.vacationBoperationCaffairDadventure答案D解析所给选项中的adventure与该句中的experience相对应。vacation假期；operation操作，手术；affair事务，事件；adventure冒险，奇遇。29A.soughtBcountedCfoundDreached答案C解析作者将自己从最初感受到沙漠之苦到后来体验到沙漠生活的快乐的转变比喻为在自创的监狱里发现(find)了星星。seek寻找；count数数；find发现；reach到达。.语法填空(2018全国)Imnotsure30.ismorefrightened，meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩) thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.ImwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly，Imfacetofacewiththegorilla，whobeginsscreamingat31.topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream，andthena400poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe32.(loud) ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoid33.(look) directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeel34.(challenge)MynameisMireyaMayor.Ima3