2019_2020学年高中英语Unit4GlobalwarmingPeriodFourGrammar—Theuseof“it”（2）教案.docx

Period FourGrammarThe use of “it”(2)感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题1There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.2It was a scientist called Charles Keeling who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.3They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.这些句子都是强调句型，句中的划线部分标出了句中的强调结构，即：itis/was被强调部分that/who其他。句首用it，be动词总是用单数形式，即is或was，连接词一般用that，当被强调部分是“人”时，连接词也可用who。强调句型中的it：1肯定句Itis (was)被强调部分that (who)其他部分：ItwasinBeijingthatIsawthefilmWolfWarriors.我是在北京看了电影战狼。2否定句Itis (was) not被强调部分that (who)其他部分Itis (was) notuntil.that其他部分：ItwasnotforseveralyearsthatIhadanopportunityofseeinghimagain.Ididnothaveanopportunityofseeinghimagainforseveralyears.我有好几年没有机会再见到他了。Itwasnotuntiltwelveoclocklastnightthathewenttobed.Hedidntgotobeduntiltwelveoclocklastnight.昨晚他12点才去睡觉。ItwasnotuntilIgotoffthebusthatIrealizedit.IdidntrealizeituntilIgotoffthebus.直到下车我才意识到这一点。3疑问句(1)强调句的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前，即：Is(Was) it被强调部分that(who)其他部分：Wasityouwho/thatbrokethewindow?是你把窗户打破了吗？(2)强调句的特殊疑问句，只需在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词即可，即：特殊疑问词is (was) itthat其他部分：Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?打破窗户的是谁？Whenwasitthatyoucalledmeyesterday?你昨天是什么时候打电话给我的？特别提示(1)不论强调句子的哪一部分，都可用that连接句子的其余部分。(2)被强调部分指人时，可用who取代that。(3)it之后的be动词的时态通常要与that之后的谓语保持一致。疑难辨析高考中单纯考查it强调句型的试题越来越少，更多的是把它放在一个复杂的语境中，其中含有很多干扰因素在内，让人难以判断。具体表现在以下几个方面：1与主谓一致结合在一起考查。强调主语时，that或who后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语的人称与数保持一致。Itishewhoiswrong.错的是他。2强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。Itwasat8oclockthathearrivedhome.他是八点到家的。Itwas8oclockwhenhearrivedhome.他到家时八点了。3强调句型不能强调谓语，如需强调谓语，用助动词do，does或did。Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.他上星期确实给你写信了。4强调句型与定语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句结合在一起。Itwasattheschoolthat/whichwasnamedaftertheherothathespenthischildhood.他是在那所以英雄的名字命名的学校度过了他的童年。单句语法填空1ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.(2018天津)2ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.(2017天津)3Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.(2016天津)4ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.(2015湖南)5Bachdiedin1750，butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.(2015重庆)6Itsnotdoingthethingswelike，butlikingthethingswehavetodothatmakeslifehappy.(2014湖南).单句语法填空1ItwasinFrancethathefellinlovewithoilpaintings.2Itwasonthefarmwherehisfatherworkedthathewasborn.3Howwasitthatshemanagedtopersuadeherhusbandtoresignfromthecompany?4ItwasLucyandMarythatwerechosentoattendtheceremony.5Whatwasitthatmadeyourteachersoangrytheotherday?.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)6Itwasontheplaygroundhefoundhisjacket.7Itwasbecauseofthebadweatherthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.8Itbysellingvegetablesthatheusedtosupporthisfamily.9Itwasintheyear1995sheleftfortheUSAforfurtherstudy.10Itherparentsthathelpedheroutwhenshewasintrouble.翻译句子11是苏珊和约翰昨天没来上学。ItwasSusanandJohnwho/thatwereabsentfromschoolyesterday.12直到战争结束他才回到了他的祖国。Itwasnotuntilthewarwasoverthathewentbacktohismotherland.13这位女士正在寻找的是一本中文词典。ItwasaChinesedictionarythattheladywaslookingfor.14你到底是什么时候收到礼物的？Whenwasitthatyoureceivedthegift?15这位教授是在1968年从山东大学毕业的吗？Wasitin1968thattheprofessorgraduatedfromShandongUniversity？基础巩固.单句语法填空1Itwasnotjustthesizeofthepartylastnightbutwhatitmeanttoourcompanythatmadeitunique.2Hewassobusyyesterdaythatitwasnotuntillateatnightthathefinishedhiswork.3ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlythatIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.4Whendidyoucomebacklastnight?Itwasnotuntil11oclockwhenthepartyended.5Wasitonalonelyislandthathewassavedonemonthaftertheboatwentdown?6ItisfivemonthssincemysonwenttoAmerica.7ItwasfivemonthsagothatmysonwenttoAmerica.8ItwillbehalfayearbeforemysoncomesbackfromAmerica.9Itwasmidnightwhenshewaswokenupbyaphonecall.10Itwasatmidnightthatshewaswokenupbyaphonecall.强调下列各句中的黑体部分11Iwastaughthowtodrivelastyear.ItwaslastyearthatIwastaughthowtodrive.12Whathesaidsatisfiedallthepeoplepresent.Itwaswhathesaidthatsatisfiedallthepeoplepresent.13Inthecitywheretheyspenttheirholiday，theyhadaquarrelforthefirsttime.Itwasinthecitywheretheyspenttheirholidaythattheyhadaquarrelforthefirsttime.14Wheredidthepolicefindthemissingchild? Wherewasitthatthepolicefoundthemissingchild?15Theydidntleavetotraveluntiltheyfinishedthework.Itwasnotuntiltheyfinishedtheworkthattheylefttotravel.16Becausetheycouldntstandthebignoise，theydecidedtomoveoutofthehouseneartherailway.Itwasbecausetheycouldntstandthebignoisethattheydecidedtomoveoutofthehouseneartherailway.完成句子17Itwaswhenhelostwhathehadthatherealizeditwasveryimportant.(强调时间状语)只有当他失去他所拥有的东西时他才意识到它很重要。18Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgotoschool.(强调原因状语)因为生病，他没有去上学。19Itwasthedriverthat/whowastoblameforthecaraccident.(强调主语)这位司机应为车祸负责。20IwonderedwhereitwasthatIhadleftmywallet.(强调where)我想知道我把钱包落在哪儿了。21Whenwasitthatthetowerwasbuilt？(强调疑问词)这座塔是什么时候建的？22Isitbyplanethattheywillgototravel？(强调方式状语)他们将乘飞机去旅行吗？能力提升.阅读理解In1978，Iwas18andwasworkingasanurseinasmalltownabout270kmawayfromSydney，Australia.Iwaslookingforwardtohavingfivedaysofffromduty.Unfortunately，theonlyonetrainadaybacktomyhomeinSydneyhadalreadyleft.SoIthoughtIdhitcharide(搭便车)Iwaitedbythesideofthehighwayforthreehoursbutnoonestoppedforme.Finally，amanwalkedoverandintroducedhimselfasGordon.Hesaidthatalthoughhecouldntgivemealift，Ishouldcomebacktohishouseforlunch.HenoticedmestandingforhoursintheNovemberheatandthoughtImustbehungry.Iwasdoubtfulasayounggirlbutheassured(使放心) meIwassafe，andhealsoofferedtohelpmefindalifthomeafterwards.Whenwearrivedathishouse，hemadeussandwiches.Afterlunch，hehelpedmefindalifthome.Twentyfiveyearslater，in2003，whileIwasdrivingtoanearbytownoneday，Isawanelderlymanstandingintheglaringheat，tryingtohitcharide.IthoughtitwasanotherchancetorepaysomeoneforthefavourIdbeengivendecadesearlier.Ipulledoverandpickedhimup.Imadehimcomfortableonthebackseatandofferedhimsomewater.Afterafewmomentsofsmalltalk，themansaidtome，“Youhaventchangedabit，evenyourredhairisstillthesame.”IcouldntrememberwhereIdmethim.Hethentoldmehewasthemanwhohadgivenmelunchandhelpedmefindaliftallthoseyearsago.ItwasGordon.语篇解读25年前“我”得到Gordon的帮助，25年后Gordon又偶然地得到“我”的帮助。作者通过这个故事告诉我们：给予有时会产生好的结果。23Theauthorhadtohitcharideonedayin1978because.AherworkdelayedhertriptoSydneyBshemissedtheonlytrainbackhomeCshewasgoinghomeforherholidayDthetownwasfarawayfromSydney答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，唯一的一趟回家的火车已经离开，所以“我”想搭便车回家，故B项正确。24WhichofthefollowingdidGordondoaccordingtoParagraph2?AHehelpedthegirlfindaride.BHegavethegirlaridebackhome.CHeboughtsandwichesforthegirl.DHewatchedthegirlforthreehours.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句“.healsoofferedtohelpmefindalifthomeafterwards.”及最后一句可知，A项正确。25Thereasonwhytheauthorofferedalifttotheelderlymanwasthat.AsherealizedhewasGordonBshehadknownhimfordecadesCshewasgoingtothenearbytownDshewantedtorepaythefavoursheoncegot答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，“我”认为这是回报二十五年前给“我”帮助的人的又一次机会。故D项正确。26Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellthereadersthroughthestory?AThosewhogiverideswillberepaid.BGoodmannersbringabouthappiness.CGivingsometimesproducesniceresults.DPeopleshouldofferfreeridestoothers.答案C解析写作意图题。综合全文内容可知，25年前“我”得到Gordon的帮助，25年后Gordon又偶然地得到“我”的帮助。所以作者想通过这个故事告诉我们：给予有时会产生好的结果。故选C项。.完形填空ThispastsummerIwentonajourneytoCanadasArcticwithStudentsOnIce.WhenIleftCalgaryI27whatIwouldfind，whatIwouldlearnandwhoIwouldmeet.OnthetriptoOttawaIwaswrapped28ablanketofuncertaintyand29.ButwhenIfirstmetthegroupofstudents，scientistsandleaders，IknewthatIdidnthave30toworryabout.ThegroupwasamazinglyreceptiveandIwassoonpartofabigfamily31onanamazingadventureanadventureofalifetime!Whenwereachedthe32Iwassurprisedbyitsgreatsizeandbeautyandmysenseswererepeatedly33andamazed.IstoodontheKapitanKhlebnikovand34twelvePolarbears.Theywalkedin35ofsealholes，and36waitedforameal.Ilearnedthatpolarbearsare37onlyoneoutofeverytwentyhuntingattempts.Isawavastlandthatappeareduntouchedandoriginal.38，IlearnedthattheArcticanditspeoplearebeingthreatenedbypollutionandglobalwarming.Ilearnedthatpollutantsare39byoceanandairandhaveabad40onallArcticpeople.IlearnedthatglobalwarminghasputPolarbearsat41becauseawarmerclimatemeansthattheyhavea42timetohuntsealsontheice.Thetripwasa43forthesenses.Ihavelearnedmoreaboutourenvironment，andparticularlyhowaliveandinterestingtheArcticisand44itissoimportanttotakecareofit.Ilearnedpollution，ignoranceofindividualandglobalproblemsneedtobe45.TheArcticdeservestobepreserved.MytripwithStudentsOnIcehasmadememoredeterminedtotrytoensurethatIdonotleave46footprintsoneitherEarthoritspeople.27A.rememberedBfeltCdoubtedDwondered答案D解析remember记得；feel感觉；doubt怀疑；wonder想知道。当我离开卡尔加里的时候，我想知道我将会发现什么，我将会学到什么，以及我将会遇见谁。根据句意可知选D。28A.inBwithCupDson答案A解析bewrappedin完全沉浸于。在去渥太华的途中，我完全被不确定和兴奋笼罩。可知答案为A。29A.worryBexcitementCsorrowDsympathy答案B解析句意见上题解析。worry担忧；excitement兴奋；sorrow悲痛；sympathy同情。可知答案为B。30A.nothingBeverythingCanythingDsomething答案C解析nothing无事；everything每件事情；anything任何事情；something某事。但当我第一次见到这群学生、科学家和领导者们时，我知道我没有什么可担心的。故选C。31A.settingoutBlookingdownCgettingalongDbreakingaway答案A解析setout出发；lookdown往下看；getalong进展；breakaway脱离。开始了一场奇妙的冒险。根据句意可知答案为A。32A.CalgaryBArcticCOttawaDKapitan答案B解析当我们到达北极的时候，我惊讶于它的壮观和美丽，我的感官被反复地震惊和惊讶。根据句意可知选B。33A.frozenBawokenCshockedDdestroyed答案C解析句意见上题解析。freeze(使)结冰；awake唤醒；shock使震惊；destroy毁掉。根据句意可知选C。34A.countedBseizedCshotDsaw答案D解析count数数，称得上；seize抓住；shoot射击；see看见。我看到了十二只北极熊。故选D。35A.searchBsightCdirectionDfear答案A解析search搜寻；sight视力；direction方向；fear害怕。它们走着寻找海豹的洞，耐心地等待着一顿饭。insearchof寻找，搜寻，故答案为A。36A.happilyBfirmlyCconstantlyDpatiently答案D解析句意见上题解析。happily高兴地；firmly坚定地；constantly不断地；patiently耐心地。根据句意可知答案为D。37A.cleverBsuccessfulCaliveDcrazy答案B解析clever聪明的；successful成功的；alive活着的；crazy疯狂的。我了解到，北极熊每二十次尝试中只有一次成功。故选B。38A.ThereforeBBesidesCHoweverDAnyhow答案C解析therefore因此；besides另外；however然而；anyhow无论如何。然而，我了解到北极和那里的居民正受到污染和全球变暖的威胁。联系上下文此处表示转折。故选C。39A.blownBflowedCcarriedDproduced答案C解析blow风吹；flow流动；carry搬运；produce生产。我得知由海洋和空气携带的污染物对所有北极的人都有不好的影响。根据句意可知选C。40A.effectBresultChabitDservice答案A解析effect影响；result结果；habit习惯；service服务。haveaneffectonsth.对有影响，故答案为A。41A.warBpeaceCworkDrisk答案D解析atwar处于交战状态；atpeace处于和平状态；atwork在工作；atrisk处于险境，受到威胁。我了解到，全球变暖让北极熊受到威胁，因为气候变暖意味着它们在冰面上捕猎海豹的时间更短。故选D。42A.fewerBshorterCbetterDharder答案B解析句意见上题解析。fewer较少的；shorter更短的；better更好的；harder更难的。根据句意可知选B。43A.challengeBfeastCtestDcomfort答案B解析challenge挑战；feast宴会；test测试；comfort安慰。这次旅行是感官的盛宴。故选B。44A.howBwhenCwhyDwhere答案C解析我对我们的环境有了更多的了解，特别是北极是多么的生机勃勃和有趣，以及为什么照顾它是如此的重要。此处是why引导的宾语从句。故选C。45A.solvedBshownCmentionedDunderstood答案A解析solve解决；show展示；mention提到；understand明白，理解。我了解到污染、个人的无知和全球性的变暖问题需要被解决。故选A。46A.clearBsolidCsteadyDharmful答案D解析clear清楚的；solid固体的；steady稳定的；harmful有害的。努力确保我不会在地球上或其人民身上留下有害的足迹。根据句意可知选D。.语法填空Arainforestisanarea47 (cover) bytalltreeswiththetotalhighrainfallspreadingquiteequallythroughtheyear.Rainforestshaveagreateffectontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.48theforestcover，theseareaswouldreflectmoreheatintotheatmosphere，49 (warm) therestoftheworld.Losingtherainforestsmayalsoinfluencewindandrainfallpatterns，potentiallycausingcertainnaturaldisastersallovertheworld.Inthepasthundredyears，humans50(begin) destroyingrainforestsinsearchofthreemajorresources：landforcrops，woodforpaperandotherproducts，landforraisingfarm51(animal)Thisactionaffectstheenvironmentasawhole.Forexample，alotofcarbondioxideintheaircomesfromburningtherainforests.People52(obvious) haveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtrees，53wewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.Rainforestsareoftencalledtheworldsdrugstore.Morethan25%ofthemedicinesweusetodaycomefromplantsinrainforests.However，fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheir54(medicine) value.Itisextremelylikely55ourbestchancetocurediseases56(lie) somewhereintheworldsshrinkingrainforests.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雨林的作用，以及人们破坏雨林的原因和造成的影响等。47答案covered解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作定语修饰area，它与所修饰的词之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填covered。48答案Without解析考查介词。句意为：没有雨林覆盖的话，这些区域反射到大气中的热量会更多，从而会使地球其余区域变暖。由句意可知此处应用介词Without。49答案warming解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，它与其逻辑主语(空前描述的这件事)之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填warming。50答案have