八年级unit3教学设计

Unit3 What are you doing for vacation?本单元导学类别课程标准要求掌握的项目重点话题热身Talk about future plans重 点 单 词 积 累1.babysit v. 临时受雇照顾(婴儿) 2.sightseeing n. 观光；游览 3.fishing n. 捕鱼；钓鱼 4.rent v. 租用；出租 5.plan n. & v. 计划；设计；筹划 6.finally adv. 最后地；最终 7.decide v. 决定；下决心；解决 8.region n. 地方；区域 9.countryside n. 乡下；农村； 10.forget v. (forgot, forgot forgotten) 忘记；忘却 11.return v. 后来;归去；归还 12.tourist n. 旅行者；游客13.away adj. 向远处;离开 14.leave v. 离开；出发 15. send v. 送；寄重 点 短 语 归 纳1.go sightseeing去观光旅行 2.take walks 去散步 3.go fishing 去钓鱼 4.take a vacation去度假 5.think about 考虑；思考 6.decide on 决定 7.the Great Lakes 五大湖 8.a no-stress vacation 一个没有压力的假期 9.how long多久 10.get back回来 11.sports camp运动野营 12.go bike riding骑自行车旅行 13.go camping 去野营 14.go hiking去远足 15.the Great Wall 长城 16.have a good time玩得很高兴，过得很愉快重 点 句 型1. What are you doing for vacation? 你假期打算做什么？Im spending time with my friends. 我将和朋友呆在一起。2. When are you going? 你打算什么时候去？ Im going on Monday. 我要在周一去。3. How long are you staying? 你们打算呆多久？Were staying for two weeks. 我们要呆两个星期。重点语法展示1.现在进行时表示将来计划或行动；2.特殊疑问句（where , when , how long引导）。Section A课前预习一、 预习任务：1.本单元的话题为 Vacation Plans,列举一些表示假期活动的动词短语。2.预习“What/When/Where + be +sb.+现在分词？”结构。二、预习检测I.英汉互译：1.babysit my sister _ 2. 去观光 _II.根据汉语意思完成句子。1.你打算去哪里度假？_ _ _ _ for vacation?2. 你要离开多久？_ _ are you going to be away?课文精讲一、重点新词详解：1. plan v. (planning; planned; planned) 计划；规划；打算。(1) v. 后常接动词不定式作宾语，即：Plan to do sth 计划做某事 。 例如： We are planning to start next week. 我们打算下周开始。(2) n. 构成短语: make a plan for 为 制定计划例题讲解：Theyre planning _ Paris.A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visits 解析： plan to do sth. , 意为“计划做某事”， 故选B。2.send v. (sent; sent) 发送；寄。(1) send 后常接双宾语，即 send sb. Sth 或 send sth. to sb.例如：My aunt sent me a Christmas card. 我姑姑给我寄来一张圣诞贺卡。(2) 构成短语：send away 解除、开除 ；send for 派人去请 ；send up 发射、使就（价格）上升例题讲解： Mr Green, some boys are going to fight. You d better _ the police. A. send for B. send to C. look for D. look over 解析： send for sb. “派人去叫”， 答句意为“你最好报警”， 故选A。二、教材解读1. What are you doing for vacation? 假期你准备干什么？ for vacation “度假”，介词for表示目的“为了”。on vacation “在假期中；在休假”，介词on在这表示“从事于”。类似短语有： on sale“出售”， on business“出差”。例如：Every student should study hard for his country. 每个学生都应该为自己的国家努力学习。例题讲解：She always works hard _ more money.A. at B. on C. for D. to 解析： for more money “为挣更多的钱”，故选C。2. Im going camping. 我要去野营。go camping “去野营”，属于 “ go + doing（体育类运动、娱乐活动）” 结构，表示“去做某事”，类似短语：go skating 去溜冰 go walking 去散步 go riding 去兜风 go shopping 去买东西 go swimming 去游泳 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go skiing 去滑雪 go sightseeing 去观光 go hiking 去远足 go drinking 去喝酒 go eating 去吃饭例题讲解： What about _ in the mountains? That sounds a good idea. A. go hiking B. go to hike C. going hiking D. going hike 解析： what about 后接doing , 而go hiking 表示“去远足旅行”, 故选C。3. That sounds nice. 听起来不错。(1) sound 在此用作感官动词，意思为“听起来”，其后常接形容词或名词构成系表结构。与其用法类似的感官动词有：look 看起来、taste 尝起来、 smell 闻起来、feel 摸起来 例如：The answer doesnt sound right. 这个答案听起来不对。(2) sound n. 用作可数名词，是指大自然中的一切声音。例如：The sounds are coming from the workshop. 声音来自车间。例题解析：1. Her voice _ very beautiful. A. looks B. sounds C. smell D. tastes2. The cotton _ very soft. A. looks B. sounds C. feels D. smells 解析：1. 这句意思“ 她的嗓音听起来很甜美”，her voice 单数主语，故选B。2. 此句意为“棉花摸上去很柔软”，故选C。4. How about you, Tony? 怎么样，托尼？How about ? = What about? “怎么样？”主要用于向对方提出建议、征求对方意见，其后常跟动名词、代词、名词。例如：How about some drinks? 来点喝的怎么样？What about going boating? 去划船好吗？例题讲解： How about going to the movie after supper? _A. How to get there? B. Very much. C. Thats all right. D. Thats a good idea.解析: How about ? 表示提建议“晚饭后邀请别人去看电影”，回答“这是个好主意”，故选D。5. Show me your photos when we get back to school. 返回学校时把你的相片给我看。(1) show vt. 给看；出示。 show 后接双宾语，show sb sth = show sth to sb ，表示“给某人看某物”。如果直接宾语sth 是代词宾格时，只用 show sth to sb. 。例如：She showed the picture to me. 她给我看那幅画。(2) 带领；送某人到 例如：I will show you around. 我带你四处看看。(3) n. 演出；展览。例如：There will be a fashion show next week. 下周将有一个时装秀。例题讲解：同义句转换Lucy showed her photos to me last week.Lucy showed _ _ _ last week.解析：show sth to sb. = show sb. Sth 因此，本题答案为： me, her, photos。语法要点用现在进行时表示将来的概念1. 现在进行时除表示现在外，还可以表示将来。现在进行时表将来时常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。 它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return等。例如：Im going. 我要走了。 When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？ 2. 表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，亦可用于某些非转移动词。如： stay, meet, getIm meeting you after class. 课后我找你。What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期你打算干什么？ 3. 现在进行时表示现在与将来的区别(1) 现在进行时表示此时此刻（说话的瞬间）或现阶段正在进行的动作、持续的状态，与其相连用的时间状语有now, 还有些标志性的提示词look, listen 等。例如：Listen! Who is singing in the next room? 听!谁在隔壁房间唱歌？(2) 现在进行时表示将来时，与其相连用的时间状语一般是表示将来的时间。例如：Were going camping next weekend.例题讲解：The bus _ soon.A. is coming B. comes C. has come D. came 解析：用现在进行时表示将来，本句意为“公共汽车快要来了”。故答案为A。Section B课前预习一、预习任务：1、扩充表示假期活动的词汇。 2、阅读介绍他人假期活动的文章。二、预习检测：I翻译下列短语：1. 拜访我的外祖母 _ 2. 去散步 _3. 租录像带 _ 4. 去钓鱼 _II. 用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Pierre Lambert plans to have a very _ vacation. ( relax )2. There are so many _ in the river and Id like to _ there. ( fish )课文精讲一、重点新词详解：1. ride v. & n.(1) v. 骑（马、自行车等）；乘坐。例如：I learned to ride a bike at the age of five. 五岁时我就学会了骑自行车。(2) n. 骑马、骑车或乘车旅行。例如：Shall we go for a ride in the car? 我们坐小汽车出去兜风好吗？例题讲解：根据句意及首字母提示补全单词Have you ever r_ a horse?解析：ride a horse 意为“骑马”，故答案为 ridden。2. rent v. & n.(1) v. 租用；出租。构成短语： rent to 把租给；rentfrom 向租入。例如：Can you rend the car to us? 你能把车租给我们吗？They rented a room from Mrs Green. 他们向格林太太租用了一间房。 (2) n. 租金；出租。例如：He lived in a house free of rent. 他住在免租金的房屋里。例题讲解：Mr Hill _ this land to us at $100 a year.A. sells B. pays C. rents D. borrows 解析：根据短语at $100 a year “以每年100美元的价格”，可以判断是“把土地租给我们”，故应选C。3. famous adj. “著名的；出名的”，同义词为well-known。构成短语：be famous for 因而闻名。例如：China is famous for the Great Wall. 中国因长城而闻名。例题讲解：Ma Lin is a well-known Ping pong player in the world. (选出同义词)A. tall B. famous C. good D. strong解析：famous 与well-known同义，意为“著名的”，故选B。4. leave v. (left; left)(1) 离开；出发。例如：We left the party at 9 oclock. 我们九点离开聚会。(2) 把留下；遗忘。表达“将某物遗留、忘在某地”用leave， 而不用forget。例如：I left my pen at home. 我把钢笔忘在家里了。(3) 构成短语： leave for 离开去另一个地方；leave for 前往例如：Shell leave Nanchang for Beijing next week. 下周她要离开南昌去北京。Will you leave for London tomorrow? 明天你就要前往伦敦吗？例题讲解：1. We _ China _ America the day after tomorrow. A. are leaving, to B. are going to leave, for C. are leaving, for D. left, for 解析: “leave for” 意为“离开去另一地”，先排除A，the day after tomorrow “后天”要与一般将来时连用，选项D可排除，leave 是转移动词，用现在进行时表示将来，故答案为C。 Can I borrow your dictionary? Sorry. I _ it at home. A. forget B. left C. gave D. took 解析：leave sth + 地点，“把某物遗忘在某地”，故选B。5. forget v.(forgot; forgotten) 忘记(1) forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) 例如：Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave. 你走时别忘了关灯。(2) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) 例如： She forgot reading the book. 她忘了看过这本书。(3) 反义短语分别是 remember to do sth. 记住去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 例如：Last night Tony forgot to turn off the TV, but he insisted that he remembered doing that. 昨晚托尼忘了关电视，但他坚持他记得关上了。例题讲解：用所给词的适当形式填空Dont forget _ ( wake ) me up tomorrow morning.解析：forget to do sth “忘记去做某事”，该句意为“明天早上别忘了叫醒我”，故应填 to wake。6. finish vt. 结束；完成。后接动名词作宾语，即：finish doing sth。例如：I can finish reading the book in two days. 我两天之内就能读完这本书。例题讲解：I didnt go to bed until I finished _ the letter. A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote 解析：finish doing sth“完成某事”，故答案为C。二、教材解读1. Whats it like there? 那地方怎么样？句型 “ What + be + 人或物的名词或代词+ like ?”, 常用来对人或物的性格、品质、内容及外表等方面的情况进行提问，意思是“怎么样？” 例如： Whats the novel like? “ 这部小说怎么样？” Very wonderful. “非常精彩。”例题讲解： What is your sister like? She _. A. likes a teacher B. likes boating C. would like a new dress D. is an outgoing girl 解析: “你姐这人怎么样？”，针对性格、外表提问, an outgoing girl 意为“一个性格外向的女孩”，故答案为D。2. Can I ask you a few questions about your vacation plans? “我可以问你一些关于你假期计划的问题吗？该句是征求对方意见并希望得到肯定回答的句型。Can 在这里表示一种委婉客套的语气，意为“好吗”。类似的问法还有以下几种句型：(1) “Would you?” “请你好吗?”。例如：Would you mind waiting a few minutes? 请你等几分钟好吗？(2) “Will you please ?” “请你好吗？”。例如：Will you please give me a hand? 请你帮我一把好吗？(3) “Could you?” 也表示“请你好吗？”。例如：Excuse me. Could you show me the way to the zoo? 劳驾，请你告诉我去动物园的路好吗？例题讲解： Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get the science museum? _. Im a new here. A. Im sorry B. With a pleasure C. Yes. D. No, thanks解析: “ Could you ?” 表示委婉地请求，而 “Im a new here”意为“在这我是新来的”，故答案为A。3. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada. 他考虑过去希腊或西班牙，但决定去加拿大。(1) thought 是动词think 的过去式，think about 意为“考虑”，特别是考虑某项计划是否可行，其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式的复合结构或宾语从句。例如：He is thinking about our advice. 他正在考虑我们的建议。Li Ming is thinking about going abroad for study. 李明正考虑出国学习。类似短语还有：think over “仔细考虑，反复推敲”，over 为副词。think of “想，想到”。例如：I thought it over but I decided to give it up. 我反复考虑过这事，但还是决定放弃。You think of everything. 你全想到了。例题讲解：She always thinks _ herself. A. over B. out C. about D. / 解析： think about sb. “她总是考虑到她自己”，故答案为C。(2) decide v. 决定，下决心。decide 其后可接动词不定式、不定式的复合结构及宾语从句，其用法还有decide on sth/ doing sth。例如：I decide to study hard from now on. 我决心从现在起要努力学习。I cant decide what to next. 我无法决定下步干什么。例题讲解：We decided on _ camping the next day. A. go B. to go C. to going D. going 解析：decide on doing sth 意为“决定去做某事”，故答案为C。4.This time I want to do something different. 这次我想做一些与以往不同的事。在something different 短语中，形容词different 修饰不定代词something作后置定语，表示“不同的事”。不定代词 something, anything, nothing, some, any ,somebody, anybody, nobody等被形容词修饰时，形容词要后置。例如：There is something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出了故障。There is nothing serious. 没什么严重。例题讲解：Is there _ in todays newspaper?A. interesting something B. something interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting 解析：形容词修饰不定代词要后置，先可排除A、C选项，anything 多用于条件句、疑问句、否定句中，故答案为D。5. I heard that Canada is beautiful. 我听说加拿大很美。本句中heard 为动词hear的过去式，而后接的宾语从句 that Canada is beautiful 的谓语却采用了be的现在式is，(主句为一般过去时，从句本该用was)，这是由于从句表达的是“加拿大很美”，这个众人皆知的客观事实，所以才用一般现在时态。例如：I heard that he was often late for school. 我听说他上学经常迟到。The teacher said the earth goes around the sun. 老师说过地球围绕太阳转。(1) 常用的搭配：hear of /about 听说 hear from 收到来信 hear doing sth听到正在做某事 hear do sth听到做某事 (2) 辨析：listen/hear listen 表示“听”，强调“听”的动作，是不及物动词；后接宾语时加介词to。 hear 表示“听见”，强调“听”的结果，是及物动词。例如： He listened, but he could hear nothing. 他听了，但什么也没听到。例题讲解：1. We _ her father will soon come. A. hear B. hear of C. heard D. were told 2. Ive often _ him, but Ive never seen her. A. heard from B. heard of C. listened to D. listened 解析：1. hear + that-从句，表示“听说”，从句中的谓语will come, 主句要用一般现在时hear, 故答案为A。 2. hear of sb. 听说过某人，故答案为B。6. I cant wait ! 我等不及了！Cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地干某事。 例如：The boy couldnt wait to turn over to his mother when he saw her. 这男孩看到他母亲时迫不及待地跑过去。例题解析：The children couldnt wait _ the presents in their stockings. A. open B. to open C. opening D. for open 解析：cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事， 故答案为B。语法要点一般将来时的几种常见形式：1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先将读哪一段？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点你将在家吗？2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算做什么？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The movie is going to be on show next month. 这部电影下月将上映。 c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看这些乌云，将有一场暴风雨来临。3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 下周六我们将讨论这项报告。4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他快要去北京了。注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。例题讲解： Has he returned the library book yet? Not yet. Dont worry. He _ it soon. A. returned B. has returned C. will return D. returns解析：根据答语可知，他还没归还图书。由soon可知要用一般将来时，故答案为C。Self Check一、预习任务：用 leave、hear、plan、ask、hope 分别造句。二、预习检测：连词成句 1. next, for, she, Shanghai, is, week, leaving _. 2. have, vacation, good, I, plan, summer, a, to _.课文精讲一、重点新词详解：ask v. 问；请求；要求。例如：Who did you ask many questions? 你问过谁许多问题？常见句型：(1) 作“问”的意思讲。常见的句型有：ask sb. sth “问某人某事”；ask sb. about sth “问某人关于某事的情况”；ask (sb.) + 疑问词+to do sth 。例如：The boy asked me the way to the post office. 这男孩问我去邮局的路。The policeman asked me about the accident. 警察向我询问事故的相关情况。He asked me where to go for vacation. 他问我去哪儿度假。 (2) 作“请求；要求”讲。常见的句型有：ask sb. (not) to do sth 要某人(不要)做某事；ask sb. for sth 向某人要某物。例如：He asked me to go to his house that day. 他要我那天到他家去。The poor boy asked the rich man for some money, but he didnt give him any. 这穷苦男孩向这有钱人要些钱，可是他分文未给。例题讲解： Im afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please _ him to turn it down? Sure.A. make B. ask C. let D. keep解析： ask sb. to do sth 要某人做某事，而动词make、let要用省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语，keep 后接doing作宾语补足语。故答案为B。二、教材解读I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing. 我听说泰国是一个观光旅游的好去处。a good place to go sightseeing 意为“一个观光旅游的好地方”。其中动词不定式to go sightseeing 作后置定语修饰名词place。动词不定式作定语时，被修饰的名词或代词多为主的逻辑宾语。若动词不定式中的动词为不及物时，后面要带有必要的介词构成及物动词短语。例如：I have nothing to say. 我没什么要说的。He has a new house to live in. 他有一新房子住。例题讲解：There is an old man _ in his family.A. to look for B. to look C. to look after D. to look at 解析：此题考查不定式作后置定语修饰名词， look为不及物动词，后带介词再可接宾语，look after an old man 。本句意为“在他家有一位老人要照顾”，故答案为C。 课外拓展习题.单项填空：( ) 1. Were going to Paris for vacation. That _ nice. A. hears B. listens C. sounds D. listens to ( ) 2. What about visiting the history museum? Im afraid its not a good_. Its too boring. A. place B. idea C. day D. plan( ) 3. The students in our school may send their homework _their teachers _Internet in the future. A. for; with B. by; to C. to; by D. on; to ( ) 4. What are you doing for vacation, Alice? _. A. Visit grandparents B. To visit grandparents C. Visiting my grandparents D. Visited my grandparents( ) 5. We decided _ camping on Sunday. A. on going B. on go C. in going D. in go ( ) 6. Where are your family going this summer vacation? We _ to Thailand. A. go B. went C. going D. are going ( ) 7. Have you _ to say? No, I have _ to say. A. anything, nothing B. something, anything C. anything, something D. something, something ( ) 8. How about going out for a picnic this weekend? _, but Ive got so much work to do at home. A. All right B. well done C. Go ahead D. Sounds great ( ) 9. Who _ the bike in the park? A. forget B. forgot C. leave D. left ( ) 10. Tony likes playing soccer. He cant _ turn on the TV and watch the football match after school. A. taking to B. take to C. wait to D. waiting to . 词汇。A) 根据句意及首字母提示，完成下列单词拼写。 1. You must be tired after an hours w_, please have a rest. 2. Linda plans to have a very r_ vacation. 3. Dont f_ to bring your photos to school tomorrow. 4. The story sounds interest _. 5. S_ camp is my favorite.B) 根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。6. Im _ my vacation to Paris this summer holidays. (plan) 7. Look! What _ the boys _? (do) They _ soccer. (play)8. My brother often rents _ on weekends. (video)9. We are in our _ school year and we should study harder. (eight)10. Mary just finished _ an email to her pen-friend. (send).根据中文意思完成句子：1. 我们下周去野营。 Were _ _ next week.2. 你的电脑没有什么毛病。 There is _ _ with your computer.3. 杭州因西湖而闻名。 Hangzhou _ _ _ the West Lake.4. 我迫不及待要打开我的生日礼物。 I cant _ _ _ my birthday present.5. 请考虑一下这个计划。 Please _ _ this plan.完形填空： Hong Kong has about forty public beaches. _1_ of the beaches are the best in the _2_. People can _3_ swimming there. You can go to most of them by _4_. To get to some beaches, you must take a boat. T