人教版选修7unit3v-ing语法课件.ppt

The use of -ing,(not) doing,(not) being done,(not) having done,(not) having been done,1、V-ing可具有时态意义 一般式（doing） 完成式（having done） 1) She is proud of being beautiful 她为自己的美丽而骄傲。（同时） 2) I am thinking of going to the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon 我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后）,A)V-ing一般式（doing）的语法功能,His hobby is painting.,Im proud of being a Chinese.,习惯,抽象,Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。,They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father.,-ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。,His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。 -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。,When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 -ing形式作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。,全析提示：接现在分析作宾语补足语的动词有feel, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, observe, notice, find, smell, set, have, keep, start, leave, get ,catch等。,We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.,Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the birds singing. I didnt notice him waiting.,I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock going again. You wont catch me doing that again. 你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。,-ing form 做状语 Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.,When they heard the bad news,Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.,If they had been given more attention,Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.,Because he was so angry,They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.,将下列状语从句改为非谓语 短语作状语： 1. Because she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder.,2. When he found the door locked, he went home.,B)V-ing完成式（having done）的用 法,Thank you for having helped me so much. He is praised for having devoted his life for his country. Before being used, the machine must be checked.,2、V-ing可具有语态意义 如果-ing与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，需用其被动形式（being done，having been done）。 其否定形式是：not being done, not having been done 例如： 他们无法忍受这样的待遇。 They couldnt stand being treated like that （与其逻辑主语They构成被动关系),被动语态 一、动名词的被动形式 1当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这个动作的对象时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式。 Being killed by sharks was a common occurrence 因此那时被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。 He could not bear _ like that 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。 He didnt mind _ 把他留在家里他并不在意。,being made fun of,being left at home,This question is_ 这问题远远没有解决。 He did it without being asked 没有谁请他做，他自己做的。 You cant eat anything before_ 在动手术之前你不能. 吃任何东西。,far from being settled,being operated on,我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。 I apologize for not having kept my promise （之前发生） 他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。 He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country （之前发生）,二、现在分词的被动形式 现在动作是一个被动动作时，要用现在分词的被动形式。包括其一般形式“(not)beingdone”和完成式“(not) having beendone”这种形式可以用来： 1作状语 Being asked who stole the salt，the poor young man put his hands under his clothes. 当被问及谁偷了盐时，这个可怜的年轻人把手藏到了衣服里。(时间状语。),_, the trees are growing better and better. 由于受到了很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越壮(原因状语) John, _ for many years, had recently been set free. 约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。(时间状语) _to the wrong address, the letter did not reach her. 由于那封信的地址投错了，她没有收到。(原因状语),Being taken good care of,having been kept a prisoner,Having been sent,2作定语 The large house_ is a new shopping mall. 正在施工的大楼是一座新的综合商店 3作宾语补足语 I saw a baby_ by two men. 我看见一个婴儿被两个男人抓走了,being built,being caught away,我听说他被选为那个队的教练。 I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team （与其逻辑主语his构成被动关系),因为没收到他父亲的来信， 他决定给他打个电话。,Not having received his fathers letter, he decided to make a call to him.,注意 1)在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，但如果用不定式则用被动式。 例如： The flowers in the garden want watering花园里的花需要浇水了。 （比较：The flowers in the garden want to be watered） Thats one of those questions that really dont need answering那是一个那种真的不需回答的问题。（比较：The questions dont need to be answered）,2） 在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。 例如： 他的提议值得考虑 His suggestion is worth considering. 此句可转换成： His suggestion is worthy to be considered.,3） allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用V-ing形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。 我不允许他在此地游泳。 I dont allow him to swim here.,.Some foods are eaten without _. A. well absorbing B. being well absorbed C. absorbing D .well absorbed .Articles(物品) used by patients must be disinfected(消毒) before _ others. A. using B. being used by C. used by D. being using,.He attended the party without _. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited Rebecca was unhappy for _ the first chance to go abroad. A. not having been given B. not having given C. not giving D. having not been given,5.By _, water can be changed into gas. A. heating B. being heated C. having heated D. heated 6.The classroom wants _. A. clean B.cleaned C.to clean D.cleaning 7.Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth _ . A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it 8.This X-ray machine needs_. A. repairing B. to repair C. repaired D. being repaired,9.The officers narrowly escaped _ in the hot battle. A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed 10. Did you enjoy yourself last night? Its very nice of you. I appreciated _ to the party. A. to be invited B. to have invited C. being invited D. having been invited 11.While were developing agriculture and industry, we must prevent the earth _. A. from polluting B. polluted C. polluting D. being polluted,12.Do you mind _ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Janes being left D. Jane to be left 13.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? A. To take B. take C. taking D. to be taking,14. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. Taught D. Teaching,3、V-ing可带有自己的逻辑主语 一般情况下，动名词的逻辑主语可泛指任何人或与句中主语一致。例如： 但出于句意表达的需要，V-ing常常带有自己的逻辑主语。 V-ing自己带的逻辑主语有两种形式：a）在V-ing前加“物主代