2020版高考英语大一轮复习课时达标38Unit3Inventorsandinventions（含解析）新人教版选修8.docx

课时达标(三十八) Unit 3 Inventors and inventions建议时间/30分钟 阅读理解A课标话题人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新体裁应用文词数 301难度 (2019天津九校联考)Every November, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones.Ember MugIts hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter. Its too hot to drink at first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste. The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great invention. It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, anywhere between 45 and 62， once you set it through a smartphone app.Tasty One TopTV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but its almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help. Developed by Buzzfeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app, which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. For example, itll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.JiboSmart speakers from companies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but theyre still just faceless speakers. However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life. Said to be “the worlds first social robot for the home”， Jibo looks like a cartoon character. Inside its “head”， there are various sensors and cameras, which allow it to recognize faces and speech. It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.语篇导读本文主要介绍了时代周刊选出的年度25个最佳发明中的最有趣的3个。1How can Tasty One Top help people?ABy teaching people how to cook.BBy offering people different recipes.CBy saving energy while cooking.DBy offering different kinds of cooking apps.解析A细节理解题。根据Tasty One Top部分最后一句可知，Tasty One Top可以教人们烹饪，故选A项。2What can Jibo probably be?AA cartoon character.BA faceless robot.CA family assistant.DA smart alarm.解析C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的the worlds first social robot for the home及最后一句可以推知，Jibo可以充当家庭助手，故选C项。3What is the purpose of the passage?ATo advertise hightech products.BTo introduce some new inventions.CTo encourage subscription to Time.DTo tell about some “tasty” products.解析B写作意图题。根据第一段第二句和下文内容可知，本文旨在介绍几个新发明，故选B项。B课标话题人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新体裁议论文词数 333难度 (2019河南林州一中月考)We all think we know what is good, but like all definitions, its shine fades when applied to real life. What might be good for you is probably bad for someone or something else. What we usually consider to be good is rarely beneficial to everyone: it depends on who you are and where you stand. As Shakespeare said in Hamlet, there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so. And our diverse thinking on good is reflected by the 50 or more definitions for the word “good” offered by most dictionaries.The same goes for innovation. Is an innovation good if it solves your problems or lets you make money? Definitely. But what if it also causes people to lose their jobs? Or, as is more often the case, what if after people spend days learning to use the innovation, there is little benefit, or their lives become more complicated? And then consider plastics, typewriters and televisions, innovations that have brought many good things to the world. But what if the 2litre soda bottles rested forever in landfills, the typewriters were used to schedule trains to Auschwitz, or millions of children watched hours of televisions in lieu of reading or doing sports? Can we call these, and others like them, innovations because theyre good in the largest sense? And, despite all the positive revolutions theyve brought to the world, personal computers leave tons of toxins and chemicals every time theyre replaced by newer machines.Theres no easy answer to the question whether innovation is good, leaving plenty of room for the belief of “all innovations are good” to survive. We have so much history with innovation as the driving force for our culture, economy and psychology that our confidence in innovation approximates(接近) faith. But there is at least one truth: all innovations have good and bad effects regardless of the intention of the innovators. If we accept this, we can reevaluate our judgment on innovations.语篇导读本文主要论述了创新的好坏，作者认为任何创新都有利有弊，我们可以重新评估对创新的判断。4Whats the main idea of the first paragraph?AIts hard to please all. BGood is a relative concept.CThere is nothing really good.DOur thinking determines what is good.解析B主旨大意题。根据第一段第二、三、四句可知，本段要表达“好”是一个相对的概念，故选B项。5Why does the writer mention plastics, typewriters and televisions in Paragraph 2?AAll innovations benefit people greatly.BAll innovations have their negative sides.CNot all innovations make people lives better.DNot all innovations are environmentally friendly.解析B写作意图题。根据第二段第一句及下文可知，作者通过列举塑料、打印机和电视，是为了说明任何创新都有不好的一面，故选B项。6What does the underlined phrase “in lieu of” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AInstead of.BBecause of.CIn favour of.DIn charge of.解析A词义猜测题。根据语境可知，看电视和读书、运动是互斥的活动，由此可知画线处表示“代替”，故选A项。7What does the writer intend to do in the last two paragraphs?ATo show the power of innovation.BTo question the value of innovation.CTo criticise the blind faith in innovation.DTo deny the positive effects of innovation.解析C推理判断题。作者在最后两段主要批判了一种普遍的认识：所有的创新都是好的。而作者认为任何创新都有利有弊。由此判断，作者主要是批判人们对创新的盲目信仰，故选C项。 完形填空课标话题人与自我创新与创业意识体裁记叙文词数 279难度 (2019广东仲元中学调考)Im Alina Morse, a fifth grader from Michigan. I have always wanted to _1_ my own business. Since I was about four years old, I have been _2_ a journal of business ideas. My dad told me _3_ you want to make it happen, you need to note it down. So I did.During a trip to the bank with my dad, a teller _4_ me a sugary lollipop(棒棒糖). I love candy._5_, my dad had told me that too much sugar was bad for my teeth. So I asked, “Why cant we make some _6_ lollipops？” Every time I went to the bank and saw free candy, it was a(n) _7_ to ask. At last, I _8_ my familyboth of my parents have professional experience in sales and marketingto get my idea _9_ the ground, including $47,500 in _10_ from my grandparents.Our first step was research. We spoke to _11_ and food scientists. We went into stores and searched online for information. We _12_ that tooth decay(蛀牙) was being a serious problem in America. Then we decided to make lollipops with the teeth cleaning materials at home but it didnt _13_. So we found a factory that had the right equipment for _14_ lollipops.The idea quickly _15_. I started a company that sells Zollipops, a kind of sugarfree lollipop, to help _16_ the risk of tooth decay. Its sales were topping $70,000 in 2014 and increasing more than four times in 2015, _17_ $300,000. We have been working to make the lollipops more stable and less _18_ in hot or wet environments. We are very _19_because the new Zollipops will be _20_ later this year.1A.set upBcarry onCput offDtake over2A.readingBwritingCeditingDcopying3A.unlessBwhateverCifDthough4A.boughtBawardedCorderedDoffered5A.HoweverBInsteadCOtherwiseDBesides6A.tastyBhealthyCpopularDgoodquality7A.predictorBmotivationCindicatorDreminder8A.attended toBbacked upCrelied onDstood by9A.offBbeyondCagainstDinto10A.chargesBsavingsCexpensesDdonations11A.dentistsBphysicistsCchemistsDpsychologists12A.suspectedBassumedCconcludedDcomplained13A.endBactCfailDwork14A.inventingBadvertisingCproducingDdesigning15A.paid upBpaid offCpaid backDpaid out16A.reduceBremoveCavoidDinvolve17A.costingBvaluingCmakingDhitting18A.harmfulBstickyCsweetDpoisonous19A.astonishedBconfusedCappreciativeDexcited20A.drawing outBsending outCcoming outDgiving out语篇导读Alina Morse从小就很有生意头脑，小小年纪成功创业，发明了健康无糖棒棒糖且销量很好。1解析A根据语境可知，Alina从小就很有商业头脑，立志创办自己的企业。set up创建，开办；carry on继续；put off推迟；take over接管，故选A项。2解析B根据空后一句可知，此处指Alina听从爸爸的话，从大约四岁起就开始写(write)关于商业理念的日记，故选B项。3解析C根据语境可知，此处表示如果(if)你想要实现一件事，你需要把它记下来，故选C项。4解析D根据常识和选项可知，Alina和爸爸去银行时，一位出纳员给(offer)了她一个含糖的棒棒糖。5解析A根据语境可知，此处表示转折。Alina很喜欢糖果，然而(However)爸爸却告诉她太多的糖对牙齿不好，故选A项。6解析B根据上文可知，此处应是Alina问爸爸为什么不做一些健康的(healthy)棒棒糖，故选B项。7解析D根据句意可知，每次Alina去银行看见免费的糖果时，都会提醒她这个问题。reminde