语法中级-动词不定式.ppt

Lesson 4 动词不定式,Anna Feng,1. 不定式的用法,作主语 (谓语动词应该用单数) 眼见为实/百闻不如一见。 To see is to believe. 学好一门外语不容易。 To learn a foreign language well is not easy. 当主语较长时,可以借用形式主语“it”,而将真正的主语放于谓语之后. It is not easy to learn a foreign language well .,2) 作宾语 动词宾语 以下动词只跟不定式作宾语: 想要学习(expect, hope, wish, want, desire, learn,) 早打算 (plan, prepare) 同意否(agree, choose, offer) 问问看(ask, beg) 告诉你(tell) 决定了(decide, be determined) 我教你(teach) 听命令(order) 听警告(warn) 尽力做(manage, promise) 干不了(refuse, fail) 别装蒜(pretend),形式宾语 常用“it”作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面. 我知道一天完成这么多的工作是不可能的。 I know it impossible to finish so mush work in a day.,“疑问词+不定式”作宾语.,我不知道接下来做什么。 I dont know what to do next. 这个男孩对要怎样做有自己的主意。 The boy has his own idea of how to finish it. 3) 作定语 ( adj. ) 不定式作定语时的位置是在它所修饰词的后面. 表示一个未完成的动作. 他总有很多会议要参加。 He always has a lot of meetings to attend.,名词或代词+不定式,He is looking for a room to live in. 当不定式所修饰的是序数词或是形容词的最高级所修饰的名词时,常用不定式作定语. 她在会上总是最后一个发言的人。 She is always the last to speak at the meeting. 李明是第一个到的。 Li ming was the first to arrive. 他是最适合做这份工作的人。 He is the most suitable person to do the job. 不定式修饰something, anything, nothing. something/ anything/ nothing +adj +to do sth Do you have anything to read?,不定式作定语时有时用主动语态表示被动含义,Eg: There be 句型中 There is a letter to write. 4) 作状语 ( adv.) 表示目的, 原因, 结果或条件 Eg: I came here to see you. We were very excited to hear the news.,不带to的动词不定式,在有些使役动词及感官动词后要省略to。但变被动态时要还原to。 这样的动词有： 一感：feel 二听：listen to，hear 三使: make，have，let 五看