英语学业复习M4Unit3.ppt

Unit 3 Tomorrows world,be set in a sense of happiness enable sb to do sth thousands of be connected to put forward in reality bring history alive last but not least,以为背景 幸福感 使某人能做某事 成千上万的 与相连接 提出（观点、议案等） 实际上 使历史再现 最后但同样重要的,be accused of set up close down leave sb with make a profit go on a virtual trip to be responsible for move round sign ones name for fall off,被控告犯有罪 建立,竖立 关闭，使倒闭 给某人留下 赚取利润 虚拟旅行 对负责 四处移动 给签名 从上掉下来; 脱落,take the risk of invest in pass on end in failure draw a conclusion on display tellfrom concentrate on go bankrupt voice ones opinions,冒危险 投资于 传递 以失败告终 得出结论 展览 把和区分 专注于 破产 表达某人的看法,在我看来 遭遇,偶遇 科幻小说 讲述 和保持(取得)联系 被困在 以的速度 由于的帮助 送进 发出(气味、热等); 用完, 耗光; 筋疲力尽,in my opinion come across science fiction tell of keep/get in touch with be trapped in at a speed of with the help of deliver into give out,be set in a sense of happiness enable sb to do sth thousands of be connected to put forward in reality bring history alive last but not least,以为背景 幸福感 使某人能做某事 成千上万的 与相连接 提出（观点、议案等） 实际上 使历史再现 最后但同样重要的,be accused of set up close down leave sb with make a profit go on a virtual trip to be responsible for move round sign ones name for fall off,被控告犯有罪 建立,竖立 关闭，使倒闭 给某人留下 赚取利润 虚拟旅行 对负责 四处移动 给签名 从上掉下来; 脱落,take the risk of invest in pass on end in failure draw a conclusion on display tellfrom concentrate on go bankrupt voice ones opinions,冒危险 投资于 传递 以失败告终 得出结论 展览 把和区分 专注于 破产 表达某人的看法,在我看来 遭遇,偶遇 科幻小说 讲述 和保持(取得)联系 被困在 以的速度 由于的帮助 送进 发出(气味、热等); 用完, 耗光; 筋疲力尽,in my opinion come across science fiction tell of keep/get in touch with be trapped in at a speed of with the help of deliver into give out,besides prep. 除以外（还有） ad. 还有，此外(一般用于句子之前) 典型例句 Besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy. 除了文学，我们还得学历史和哲学。 Its too late to go to the football match now; besides, its beginning to snow. 现在去看足球比赛已经太晚了，何况，开 始下雪了。,besides与beside的区别 作介词时,两词词义有别。beside意为“在旁边”。besides还可作副词, 但beside只作介词。 Id like to sit beside you, you know. 你知道,我愿意坐在你旁边。 Besides knowing some Greek, she was fluent in Italian. 她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利。,besides与except、but以及except for的区别 1） besides意为“除.之外“(包括后者在内)，通常与other，also等词连用。 What other languages do you know besides English? 除了英语之外，你还懂什么语言? Besides being wrong, your proposed action is also unwise. 你所建议的行动不仅是错误的，而且是很不明智的。,2)except意为“除.之外“(不包括后者在内) They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman. 除那个年轻的法国人外，他们都睡着了。 注:在否定句中，当表达“不包括后者在内“时，也可用besides。 No one passed except / besides Richard. 除了理查德外,谁也没有考及格。 此外，except后可接从句作宾语，也可接不定式作宾语。当其前的动词是实义动词do及其变化形式时，不定式常省去to。,He hasnt changed at all except that he is no longer so talkative. 他一点也没有变，只是不像以前那样爱说话了。 She always goes to school by bike except when it rains. 除非天下雨，她总是骑自行车上学。 The bear has no choice except to lie down and sleep. 熊没有别的选择，只好躺下睡觉。 I couldnt do anything except just to sit down and hope. 我坐在那儿盼着，简直毫无办法。,3） but与except同义，表示排除，但but多用在every，any，no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything，anywhere，nobody等词以后及all，none之后。Everybody was invited to the evening party but/except me. 除我之外，所有人都被邀请参加那次晚会。 Yesterday evening, I had nothing to do but/except watch TV. 昨晚除了看电视,我无事可做,4） except for意为“除去.之外;只是“，表示对一个人或事物先作一个总体评价，然后就其局部提出一点看法，所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。 Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了有几个拼写错误外，你的文章写得很好。,besides与apart from的区别 与besides不同之处，apart from既可表示“排除;例外“的含义(相当于except)，也可以表示“包括;补充“的含义(相当于besides)。 The children hardly see anyone apart from their parents. 除了他们的父母，孩子们很少看见其他人。 Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了是有趣和很好的身体锻炼之外，游泳还是一个很有用的技能。,2. impress vt. 留下极深的印象 impression n. 印象，感觉 impressive adj.予人深刻印象的;感人的;令人钦佩的 短语搭配 be impressed by/at/with 被深深打动/感动 impress sth on/upon sb =impress sb with sth 使某人将某事物铭记在心 impress sth in/on ones memory 使某事铭记在某人心中,The book impressed a lot of people. 这本书在很多人心中留下深刻印象。 I was deeply impressed by his speech. 他的演讲给我留下深刻印象。 My father impressed on me the value of hard work. 我父亲让我铭记勤劳的价值。 I impressed on him the importance of his work.=I impressed him with the importance of his work. 我向他强调了他的工作的重要性。,3. announce vt. 宣布，宣告 announcement n. 通告，通知 announcer n. 播音员 make an announcement 通告，通知 词语辨析 announce更接近于汉语“公布”、“告知”的意思，它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事，后接名词或代词或that宾语从句，如： The accident was announced to his family by telephone. 已将事故用电话告诉了他的家属。 declare含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是对方所不知道的，除接名词、代词和that宾语从句以外，还可接复合宾语等结构。,如： The accused declared himself to be innocent. 被告宣称自己无罪。 Soon Germany declared war on France. 不久德国对法宣战。 以上各句中的announce与declare不可互换。但有时两个词用在同一句中都说得通。 如：The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment. 委员会宣布了实验的结果。 简单地说,同样表示“宣布“的意思，announce用法较为普遍，declare 只用于正式场合。但有时会有大词小用的情况，即英语里的夸张修辞,这时用declare可代替announce。,4. therefore ad. 因此，所以 therefore和so的用法比较 therefore 在英语中比so更正式化，多用于书面语，是副词，表示“因此，所以”，如： He has never studied English before, and therefore we should give him more help. 他以前从来没有学过英语，因此我们应该给他更多帮助。 so 是连词，通常用于口语中比较随便的场合，表示“因而，所以”。如： He has never studied English before, so we should give him more help. 他以前从来没有学过英语，所以我们应该给他更多的帮助。,5. force vt. 强迫，迫使 n. 力量 短语搭配 force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 典型例句 The porter had to force the window open. 门房只好用力硬把窗户打开。 Dont force your child to play the piano if he doesnt want to. 如果你小孩不想弹钢琴就不要强迫她。,force, power, energy和strength的用法比较 force 多指外力，如武力，暴力，魄力, 势力，用于复数表示军队。如： The Qing Dynasty was finally overthrown by the people by force. 清朝政府最终被人们用武力推翻了。 Our forces have at last defeated the enemy. 我们的军队最终战胜了敌人。 power多指势力、能力、本事；也可指功率、动力、电力等。如： The manager in the company has special power to deal with urgent affairs alone. 这家公司的经理有特权独自处理紧急事务。,Nowadays, any people in the world are opposed to the use of nuclear power. 如今，世界上许多人反对使用核能。 energy 主要指精力，能量，多指自然能量,如natural gas, wind, solar等。如: After their holidays, these students are full of energy to deal with their studies. 放假回来后，学生们精力充沛地应对学习任务。 strength 主要指力量，强度，尤指身体、精神或道德上的坚强力量或活力，如反抗力、意志力、忍耐性等。如： His granny was badly ill that she didnt even have the strength to stand up. 他的奶奶病得厉害，她连站起来的力气都没有。,单项填空 。 1. My money is beginning to _ at the end of this month, so I have to ask my parents to give me more. give in B. give out C. give up D. give off 2.Does John know any other foreign language _ French? A. except B. but C. besides D. beside 3. We were most impressed _ her influent English. A. in B. on C. with D. upon,4. A robber with a mask over his face _ her to hand over her necklace and money. A. let B. forced C. forbade D. made 5. I decided to put your name _ for basketball club secretary. A. on B. in C. forward D. through 6. Pass the book _ to me when youve finished with it. A. out B. by C. on D. over 7. It is said that the fingerprints found on the floor will be used to _ the murderer. A. accuse B. blame C. scold D. show,8. Several new events _ the programme in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. added B. were added C. added to D. were added to 9. Practising Yoga _ me to become confident and open-minded. A. lets B. forces C. allows D. enables 10. How did you find him out ? I _ his name by chance on a list. came down B. came about C. came up D. came across,完成译文 。（每空限填一个词） 1.有人指控这年轻人犯了谋杀罪。 The young man _ _ _ murder. 2.每个人都应该通过自己的行为为下一代树立榜样。 Everybody should _ an _ to the next generation via his own behavior. 3.最后但同样重要的是我要感谢我的家人一直以来的支持和帮助。 Last _ _ least, I want to thank my family for their support and help.,was accused of,set example,but not,4.一到达山顶你就会体验到一种幸福感。 _ _ the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness will be experienced. 5.老师通过将学生置身于一场著名的战役使历史再现。 Teachers could _ _ _ by placing students in a famous battle. 6.由于感到恐惧和寒冷，这位时空旅行者开始回到现在。 _ _ _, the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.,Upon reaching,bring history alive,Scared and cold,被动语态 被动语态的构成方式：be + 过去分词，口语只也有用get / become + 过去分词表示。 被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时使用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）。 1 使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。 1) 主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加to。 The boss made him work all day long. He was made to work all day long(by the boss) 2) 短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。 The children were taken good care of (by her). Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.,3) 当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被动语态有两种形式：（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。如： People say he is a smart boy. It is said that he is a smart boy. He is said to be a smart boy. People know paper was made in China first. It i