英语长难句解读---括号法.ppt

解读长难句 -括号法,英语两大特点 英语的变“态” - “形意的表象形式” 他喜欢读书. He enjoys reading books.,英语两大特点 逻辑 这是(公园里的/美丽的)一朵花。 This is a flower. This a (beautify) flower in the park.,入门级规律 主干成分： 汉语和英语基本一致； 英语中有若干固定句型； 修饰成分： 汉语：修饰成分放在被修饰词前面 英语：较短修饰成分放在被修饰词前面； 较长修饰成分放在被修饰词后面；,五种主干结构 主+谓 I come. 主+谓+宾 I love you. 主+谓+宾+宾 I give you my heart. 主+谓+宾+宾补 You make me happy. 主+系+ 表 You are my everything.,把握英语句子，关键在于把握 “较长修饰成分”,“较长修饰成分” 介短 从句 非谓语,“三长”-介词短语 【识别标识】 从介词开始到名词终止 at home In the school during my happy childhood over the last few years,“三长”-从句 【识别标识】 引导词+(主语) +谓语+(宾语) 名从/定从/状从 (When I was young,) I listened (to the radio.) Andrea is a teacher (who teaches English.) Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) is studying in Shanghai.,“三长”-非谓语 【识别标识】 非谓语动词 + 名词 + 副词 (to do/doing/done) Andrea is a teacher (teaching English.) (To improve my English,) I often chat with my foreigners. We, (sing a happy song,) rode to school.,天下本无英语，只有 介短、从句、非谓语,例句1： Andrea is teacher (teaching English)( in Beijing)( Which is the capital)(of China.),例句2： They will be able ( to clear away the mystery) (of mathematics)( and face their studies)( with more confidence)( than they ever imagined.) 注意：“and” 是造成阅读理解句子变难的重要原因（平行并结构）。,例句3： Davidsons article is one （of a number of pieces ）（that have recently appeared ）（making the point ）（that the reason ）（we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sagging middle-class incomes today ）is largely （because of the big drop）（in demand ） （because of the Great Recession, ）it is also because of the quantum advances （in both globalization ）and the information technology revolution,（which are more rapidly ）（ than ever ）（replacing labor ）（with machines or foreign workers。）,英语进化论： This is a tiger. This is a big tiger. This is a tiger on the grass. This is a tiger that I saw before. This is a tiger running to the school.,关于平行并列结构 【定义】由“并列词”and/or/but/as well as/not onlybut also/both and/ eitheror/neither nor等，将两个或两个以上“含义相似，结构相同”的“并列项”连接起来构成的结构，简记为“A and B”或“A , B and C”. 如： mom and dad; Not only Bob but also James; Tom, Dick and Henry,原则上，只要是“含义相似，结构相同”的东西都能并列，所以，英语句子中可以并列的东西很多，读句子时要注意识别到底是谁跟谁并列；如： 名词并列：Tom and Jerry are friends. 形容词并列：Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and knowledgeable English teacher. 副词并列：You are supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately. 动词并列：With the Internet, people can not only play computer games but also do online shopping.,介词短语并列：And the government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the world. 从句并列：Ive finished reading the book which is written by Mo Yan and which you lent me last month. 非谓语动词的并列：Singing and laughing, we headed to the park. 整句并列：The children can you with us or they can stay at home.,如何断句 &读懂句子 “组件分析” 三步法,【step1:预处理】给“三长”加括号，给“并列词”(and, or, but, as well as)加方框，给“并列项”(A 和B)加三角。【“A and B”】 注1: 先找B，后找A。 A和B结构相同，含义相似； 例： I like the box ( on the desk) and the flower (in your hand) ( which you promised) (to give me).,【step1:预处理】给“三长”加括号，给“并列词”(and, or, but, as well as)加方框，给“并列项”(A 和B)加三角。【“A and B”】 注2：一旦出现下一个修饰成分，就果断地将上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分本身结束了没有。 Andrea is teacher (teaching English)( in Beijing)( Which is the capital)(of China.) Andrea is teacher teaching English ( in Beijing) Which is the capital (of China.),【step2:做直译】一个括号一个括号翻译； Andrea is teacher (teaching English)( in Beijing)( Which is the capital)(of China.) Andrea是老师-教英语-在北京-它是首都-中国的； 注3：英文是“挂钩”的语言，每个括号里的第一个单词，都称为“挂钩”单词，可以通过利用每个挂钩“提问和回答”，将一个个括号连接起来；,例句2： They will be able ( to clear away the mystery) (of mathematics)( and face their studies)( with more confidence)( than they ever imagined.) 注意：”and”是造成阅读理解句子变难的重要英语（平行并结构）。,例句3： The multiplication tables are an exception ( to the general rule) ( that we forget rather quickly the things ) ( that we learn ) ( in school, ( because they are another ) ( of the things ( that we over learn )( in childhood. ),【step3:调语序】后修变前修，增删个别词； Andrea is teacher (teaching English)( in Beijing)( Which is the capital)(of China.) Andrea是一个在中国首都北京教英语的老师； Andrea是一个老师，他在中国的首都北京教英语。,“组件分析” 三步法：,例句4： After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office. 读懂句子：“同步视译”-边看边画，边翻 主干部分直接翻 遇见三长画括号 提着问题往下翻 调字调序写中文,例句5： Hello. Its on of the first words we learned as babies, yet its one of the last word we think to use as adults. Thats unfortunate, because saying Hello is more than just saying hello; Its recognition of anothers worth.,例句6： The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmer and at increasing interest in locally grown food.,例句7： If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,例句8： Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.,例句9：（单选易错题） The little girl decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother. where what how who,用“括号法”提高口语实力 读出语法： (If you started)( to dry clothes )(in the morning) and forgot (to take them out), you can go (to