高二下册课件Unit20.ppt

Unit 20 Archaeology,Archaeology is the scientific study of past human culture and behavior, from the origins of humans to the present. Archaeology studies past human behavior through the examination of previous human societies. These remains include the fossils of humans, food remains, the ruins of buildings, and human artefactsitems such as tools, pottery and jewelry.,Warming up,The Banpo Ruins,Stone Age,The Ruins of Hemudu, Yuyao County, Zhejiang,Bronze Age,The Ruins of Yanshi Erlitou, Yanshi County, Henan,Yin Dynasty Ruins, near Anyang City, Henan,Mawangdui Han tombs,Han Dynasty,The ruins of the ChangAn City of the Tang Dynasty,Qingling of the Southern Tang Dynasty in Jiangning, Jiangsu,Shunling of the Southern Tang Dynasty in Jiangning, Jiangsu,Stone Age,(10,000-2,000BC),Tools : Early Stone Age: tools made of stones, fishing nets, tools made of wood, clay, and bones; Late Stone Age: the same but more skilled,Artefacts : bones, rammed earth, traces of fires, tools, simple objects such as jewellery made of animal teeth or bones,Entertainment : Early Stone Age: story telling, maybe singing, and dancing around a fire; Late Stone Age: decorating homes, pottery and handicrafts,Stone Age,(10,000-2,000BC),Food : Meat & Fish (roasted or cooked), fruit, plants and in the later Stone Age probably also bread and rice,Housing: Early Stone Age: caves and tents; Late Stone Age: huts, wooden buildings,Home decoration: Early Stone Age: wall paintings, animal skins, animal bones; Late Stone Age: pottery, wall paintings, animal skins, woven materials, objects made of jade,Bronze Age,(2,000-250BC),Food : rice, staple food and vegetables from farms, meat from hunted and farm animals, fish, milk products,Housing : wooden buildings,Home decoration : painted walls, pots and containers made of clay or bronze, wooden furniture, woven mats,Tools : stone and wood, containers of pottery and bronze, weapons made of bronze,Artefacts : bronze objects, bones, stone objects, pottery and clay figures,Entertainment : story telling, singing and dancing, music with simple musical instruments, reciting poetry, handicrafts,Han Dynasty,Food : rice, staple food and vegetables from farms, meat from hunted and farm animals, fish, milk products,Housing : wooden buildings,Home decoration : painted walls, pots and containers made of clay or bronze, wooden furniture, woven mats,Tools : stone and wood, containers of pottery and bronze, weapons made of bronze,Artefacts : bronze objects, bones, stone objects, pottery and clay figures,Entertainment : story telling, singing and dancing, music with simple musical instruments, reciting poetry, handicrafts,Tang Dynasty,Food : rice, staple food and vegetables from farms, meat from hunted and farm animals, fish, milk products,Housing : wooden buildings,Home decoration : painted walls, pots and containers made of clay or bronze, wooden furniture, woven mats,Tools : stone and wood, containers of pottery and bronze, weapons made of bronze,Artefacts : bronze objects, bones, stone objects, pottery and clay figures,Entertainment : story telling, singing and dancing, music with simple musical instruments, reciting poetry, handicrafts,Listening,Animals in the ancient time,dinosaurs,bears,elephants,Hunting weapons,Spears Early Stone Age,Spear throwers/atlatls Middle Stone Age,Bows and arrows Early Bronze Age,Questions asked by the students:,1. What is it?,2. What does it mean?,3. How did it work?,4. How do you know that it was used for what you say?,5. Where was it found?,?,1. What is the object they are talking about ?,2. How far can you throw a spear with a tool like this?,3. What kind of animals did people kill with it ?,4. How did people in South America and Australia know about this tool ?,A tool to throw spears.,About 300 metres.,Giant bears and giant hairy elephants.,They invented it again.,It looks like a short stick to me.,Look at the three holes. One held a stone for balance, one a small piece of wood or leather, and a piece of rope was tied into the smallest one. A spear of about 180 cm was laid on the stick, resting against the small piece of wood or leather. With a pull on the string and a movement of the arm, the spear would be thrown.,Difficult words,Speaking,Ways to express curiosity:,1. Id like to know more about,2. I wonder what/who/whether ,3. Id love to know,4. What Id really like to know,5. Im curious about/to ,6. I really want to know,Making sentences,Peking man,Talk about archaeological finds such as artefacts, unearthed tombs or towns and the life of ancient people using the ways to express curiosity.,A: What I wonder about is how people in the Stone Age could live with this constant fear of being attacked by giant wild animals.,B: Well. I suppose they didnt think about it all the time.,A: Dont you see? There were very few ways they could protect themselves.,B: Didnt they have spears and other weapons?,A: Yes,but not a lot. But Id like to know more about the way they felt. What they thought, and how they lived.,B: Hmmm. You could visit a museum and find out what archaeologists have written about that.,A: Yeah. I am really curious about life of Peking Man.,B: Oh. Then you can go to Zhoukoudian. Its not very far from Beijing, you know.,Giving suggestions:,1.You should/must/ought 2.You can/could/might 3.You had better 4.Its better for you to 5.What /How about 6.It might be a good idea for to ,7.Why not 8.Why dont you 9.I suggest/advise 10.My suggestion/advice is 11. think/suppose/expect 12.Im afraid,Situation 1 May Day is coming. Youre going to go on an outing. Talk about your plans and give your suggestions.,Situation 2 Your good friend Tom is upset about his English. Give him your suggestions to enlarge vocabulary; ways to make English learning easier and more efficient.,Objects found in the grave of the King of Stonehenge,Scanning,earrings,arrows & a bow,clothing,a pin,a knife,tools,pottery,weapons,jewellery,Reading,Objects kings and emperors in China were buried with,pots, containers,weapons,jewellery,tools,books,paintings,musical instruments,real people,armies made of clay,Predictions,Weapons Pottery Armies Tools,Paintings Books Musical instruments Jewellery,Objects found in the grave of the King of Stonehenge,Materials discovered in the grave of the King of Stonehenge,Materials,copper,stone,clay,gold,leather,bronze,bone,iron,Some information about the King of Stonehenge,Archaeologists theory,How do they know?,1. The man spent his youth in central Europe.,From tests on his teeth.,2. This was a time when the first metals were brought to Britain.,This man was buried with two gold earrings.,3. He came with the skills to make metal.,In the mans grave lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal.,Archaeologists theory,How do they know?,4. Some of the artefacts in his grave came from remote places.,Copper knives came from places as distant as Spain and western France. The gold jewellery came from Europe.,5. Everything found in the grave was probably given to him for his use in the next life.,It was all that a person would need to survive.,6. This man was a member of a powerful class who may well have organized the construction of Stonehenge.,His grave is the richest of any found from that period. He was buried three miles from Stonehenge at the time when the great stones were being brought to Salisbury to build it.,Discuss: the inventions and kinds of science the people in the Bronze Age in England had had.,Discussion: List trade and cultural links the people in the Bronze Age in England had with other parts in Europe.,Language points,date back to /date from 追溯,e.g. Our friendship date from/back to college days. The Olympic Games date back to the 7 th century.,out of date 过时的，不用的 up to date 新式的，现代化的 These words have gone out of date. The scientist has brought a nuclear physics textbook up to date. I brought him up to date on what had happened.,with his face to the north是独立主格结构。 with 后跟复合结构， 其中可包含现在分词、过去分词、介词短语或其他成分。 sleep with the windows open （adj.） speak with tears in ones eyes (prep.ph) go out with no hat on (adv.) work with the lamp lighted (past participle.) with so many people communicating in English every day. (present participle.) 这种结构在句子中作定语或状语。,作定语 My aunt lives in the room with the window facing south. The woman with a baby in her arms is his sister. A little boy with two of his teeth missing ran into the house. I live in the house with the lights on. 作状语 The thief was brought to the front with his hands tied. With their homework finished, the children ran out of for a swim. You should read with the radio off.,表语置于句首时, 句子要倒装, 结构为“表语+系动词+主语”.,Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests. Gone are the days when they can do whatever they want. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. Standing beside the table was an interpreter.,give an idea of 使某人大致了解， idea 意为“思想,概念”,Can you give me the general idea of this article? The book gives you a good idea of life in China. What idea can a man who is blind from birth have of colour? 生来即盲的人对颜色有何概念?,Only a few centimetres from his head were two pots made of clay, tools and materials to make arrows, a bow and a dozen arrows for hunting and a second, smaller copper knife.,Two pots made of clay, tools and materials to make arrows, a bow and a dozen arrows for hunting and a second, smaller copper knife were only a few centimetres from his head.,注意:谓语在人称和数上要和主语保持一致.,On the shelf are two piles of books, heavy and old. In front of the river lies a beautiful house with a small garden at the back. Next to them sat Professor Lee, an expert on chemistry.,Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal.,A cushion stone lay next to them.,状语提前，主谓倒装.,On the table stood two glasses and an empty brandy bottle.,After the banquet came a firework display in the garden.,tend to,c. I tend to think thats not a good solution. d. I tend to know Middle Eastern countries pretty well.,e. The roads tends to north. f. The coastline tends to the south here.,b. Children tend to be curious about things they see.,a. In summer, fruit tends to decay.,have a hand in 意为“干预,参与,插手” The engineer had a hand in the design of the museum.,与hand连用的短语 an old hand 内行,过来人 at first hand 直接 at hand 在手边,在附近 at second hand 第二手的,间接的 by hand 用手,用体力 hand in hand 手拉手 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 hands off 请勿动手 hands up 不许动!举起手来 from hand to mouth 现挣现吃地,仅够糊口地 give sb a warm hand 给某人热烈鼓掌,in terms of 就而言;在方面,a. They talked about that football match in terms of praise.,b. He thinks of everything in terms of peoples interests.,c. He is rich in terms of money but not in terms of happiness.,Grammar,it 的用法：,1. 作无人称动词的主语，表示时间、气候、距离、状态等。 Its ten oclock. Its twenty miles to London. She couldnt stand it.,2.指代前面出现的事物或现象。 Where is my book? Have you seen it? He pretended to study, for he thought it would please his mother.,3. 在特殊情况下指代人。 She got a baby and it was ten-pound. A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager.,4.作形式主语。 It is certain that we shall succeed. It is necessary for older people to understand what the young think and feel.,5.作形式宾语。 Youll find it difficult to learn Japanese. I make it a rule to take a walk in the morning.,6.用于强调句型。 It is I who am fortunate. It was three weeks later that he learnt the news.,The sentences in the text using the formal subject “it”,1. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over,2. It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct ,4. At first it was thought that he skills to make copper and bronze objects spread to Britain was,5.but it is now believed to have happened through trade and cultural links.,6. It has been proved that the copper knives came from places as distant as Spain and western France.,1. It + be + adj. + that (true/good/obvious/clear/natural/funny/likely/unlikely/surprising/certain/possible/probable/wonderful),2. It + be + n. + that ( a pity/ an honour / no wonder/ no surprise ),3. It + be + p.p.+ that (said/thought/ expected/ reported/ proved/ hoped/decided/ announced/ known) (suggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/requested/advised) 注意：后一种情况下要使用虚拟语气,虚拟方式是should do,d. It has been suggested that the land should be shared equally among the peasants.,a. It is probable that her teacher has already told her how to prepare for the exam.,b. It is no wonder that the Korean team has beaten us again on the football field.,c. It is thought that one billion people, that is half of the worlds workers, earn their living by farming.,1. It +vi. + that (It happens/seems/appears that),2. It is/has been/ was + some time + since ,3. It + was/