高中新课标英语 语法课件 反意疑问句.ppt

,反意疑问句,Question tags,一 反意疑问句的 意义 构成 回答,反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定，而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。,如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分一般用否定式；反之，前一部分为否定式，后一部分要用肯定式，即“前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定”。,其结构为：陈述句，简单的问句。 完成后一部分简单问句时，要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问，前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。,对反意疑问句的回答, 无论问题的提法如何, 如果事实是肯定的, 就用yes, 事实是否定的, 就要用no。,一He likes playing football,_? 一_, he does. /_, he doesnt.,一His sister didnt attend the meeting,_? 一Yes, she_. /No, she_.,肯否交叉,二位一致; 不管问题,事实回答,doesnt he,did she,Yes,No,did,didnt,likes,didnt,does,doesnt,Yes,No,二 简单句式 结构中反意疑问句的 运用,当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分有四种情况,1）must表示“禁止”时即mustnt，反意疑问部分要用must 。,You mustnt stop your car here, _,2）must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要用neednt。,They must finish the work today, _,3）当must用来表示“推测”时，意为“一定、必定” 对现在的情况进行“推测”时，反意疑问句部分要用“isnt / arent / dont /doesnt + 主语”,He must be good at maths,_,must you?,neednt they?,isnt he?,mustnt,must,must be,You must know the answer to the exercise,_,dont you?,对过去的情况进行“推测” (must + have done)时(一般句中有过去的时间状语)，反意疑问句部分要用“wasnt / werent / didnt + 主语”；,She must have read the novel last week,对完成的情况进行“推测” (must + have done)时(一般没有过去时间状语)，反意疑问句部分要用“havent / hasnt + 主语”。,You must have told her about it,didnt she?,havent you?,She read the novel last week,_,You have told her about it, _,must have read,must have told,当陈述句部分的主语是名词时, 反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替。,Your brother has gone to the library,_?,hasnt he,Your brother,has,2、 当陈述部分有情态动词ought to时，反意疑问句部分要用ought / should (oughtnt / shouldnt) 。 如陈述部分为情态动词used to，反意疑问部分可用 used/did +主语。 如陈述部分为had better，反意疑问部分用hadnt +主语。 如陈述部分有would rather，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 如陈述部分有Youd like to, 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。,Such things ought not to be allowed, The old man used to smoke, Youd better do it by yourself, He would rather read it ten times than recite it, Youd like to go with me,ought they?,didnt he ?,usednt he,wouldnt you?,wouldnt he?,hadnt you?,ought not to,used to,d better,would rather,d like to,3. 当陈述句部分有hardly, seldom, few, little, no, no one, nobody, never, nowhere等否定词或半否定词时, 反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。,It is impossible for him to make such a mistake, _?,His sister seldom argues with people, _?,但 如果陈述句部分是含有带否定前缀或后缀的词(impossible, unhappy, unfit, dislike, )时, 反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构。,isnt it,does she,seldom,impossible,It is,4. 当陈述句部分是I am时, 反意疑问句部分通常要用arent I；,Im late for the meeting,_?,如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时, 反意疑问句部分通常要用am I.,Im not doing well,_?,arent I,am I,Im,Im not,5. 当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时, 反意疑问句的主语用it代替；,These are important reading materials, _?,That isnt a useful book,_?,指示代词是these, those时, 反意疑问句的主语用they代替。如：,is it,arent they,That isnt,These are,6. 当陈述句部分是everyone/everybody, someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时, 反意疑问句部分的主语多用they, 但也可用he；,Nobody came when I was out,_?,当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时, 反意疑问句部分的主语用it.,Everything has gone wrong today, _?,hasnt it,did they,Nobody,Everything,7. 当陈述句部分是“there( will/may) be+主语+其它”结构时, 反意疑问部分要用“ + there”结构。如：,There are some bananas in the basket, _?,arent there,There are,There will be rain tomorrow, _?,There will,wont there,8. 陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。,Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, _? Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, _? That he didnt pass the entrance exam made his parents very angry, _?,has it,doesnt it,didnt it,Learning how to repair motors,Where to hold the meeting,That he didnt pass the entrance exam,has not,takes,made,9、当陈述部分的谓语动词是have时，有两种情况。,（1）have作“有”解时，反意疑问句部分可用have（not）或do（not）的相应形式。,His brother has a new bike, _he?,（2）have用作实义动词时，反意疑问句部分只可用do（not）的相应形式。,You have lunch at school,_?,dont you,hasnt,doesnt,10、带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 dare (need) +主语。,We need not do it again, He dare not say so,当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词 do / does/ did + 主语。,She doesnt dare to go home alone,need we ?,dare he?,does she?,need not,dare not,doesnt dare,11、当陈述部分的谓语动词是表示愿望的I wish时，反意疑问部分要用may I，而且前后两个部分均用肯定式。,I wish to go to the moon by spaceship some day,13. 感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式,What a foolish child (he is),may I?,isnt he?,I wish,What,三 并列句 结构中反意疑问句的 运用,并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。当陈述句是由并列连接词and, but, or, for, so等连接的两个并列分句组成时，反意疑问句部分一般与最接近的分句保持一致，也就是说，对后一分句进行反问。,He was a lazy child, and he didnt pass the exam,did he?,and,didnt,四 主从复合句 结构中反意疑问句的 运用,1. 一般情况下, 陈述句部分是主从复合句时, 反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。,This is the second time that he has been to Japan,He said no one could match him in playing chess,isnt it?,didnt he?,This is,He said,2. 在宾语从句中, 如果陈述句部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)+宾语从句”, 反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致, 并要注意否定转移。(即I dont think/suppose/believe /imagine 引导的宾语从句，这种宾语从句的反意疑问句应与从句的主语，谓语部分一致，而且用肯定式的提问。),I dont think you have heard of him before,have you?,you have,I dont think,dont,注意: 当think等这些动词的主语不是第一人称, 这时, 反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。,Mary thinks you will come to the party,doesnt she?,Mary thinks,3. 当陈述部分是Im sure (that); Im afraid that; Were sure that; Ifeel sure that等后面跟宾语从句时，疑问部分谓语根据从句的谓语而定：,Im sure he will attend the meeting on time,_?,wont he,4. 带有定语从句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：,He is not the man who gave us a talk,is he?,who gave us a talk,He is not,五 祈使句 结构中反意疑问句的运用,1祈使句的肯定形式，其反意问句表示“请求”时，通常用will you；表示“邀请、劝说”时，用wont you。,Be sure to write to us, Close the window, please, Come to have dinner with us this evening,will you?,will you?,（表示“请 求”）,wont you?,（表示“邀 请”）,2祈使句的否定形式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you构成。,Dont smoke in the meeting room, Dont be late again,3变异祈使句，即句首为一呼语，后接第二人称代词引导的一个一般现在时的陈述句，这时，我们应视为无主语的祈使句结构，反意疑问句部分要用will you构成。,Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room,will you?,will you ?,will you?,Lets go to see the film together,. 祈使句构成反意疑问句时, 以Let开头的祈使句除了Lets, 疑问部分用shall we之外, 其余一律用will you, 在这里并非表示疑问, 而是进一步叮咛嘱托。如：,Let us go to see the film together,shall we?,will you?,(1)Youre a farmer, _ _? (2)The weather isnt fine, _ _? (3)Kate came here last month, _ _? (4)I dont think Tom is at home, _ _? (5)There werent enough nuts, _ _? (6)Theres a pen in the box, _ _? (7)The man had bread fo