高三英语一轮复习课件Book3Unit5.ppt

Unit5 Canada “ The True North”,基础知识自测,一单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1_ 5ministE n. 大臣;部长 2_ kwi:n n. 女王;王后 3_ 5kCntinEnt n. 大陆;陆地 4_ 5i:stwEd adv.向东; adj.向东的 5_ sE5raund vt.轻微地,minister,queen,continent,eastward,surround,extremely,settle,within,border,slightly,11_ pC:t n. 港口;舱门 12_ 5fiE vt.主要的,port,figure,terrify,flow,maple,official,frost,wealthy,distance,broad,二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1 Vancouver is s_ by mountains on the north and east and the Pacific Ocean on the west. 2 It is so wet there that the trees are e_ tall. 3 A _ is a place where water is calm and ships can be safe. 4 To go to Russia from China you must cross the _. 5 The idea that there will be an earthquake t_ many people.,surrounded,extremely,harbour,border,terrifies,6The water f_ into the Niagara River and over the falls on its wy to the sea. 7 I should phone her from a telephone b_ . 8 A _ is a kind of tree with five-pointed leaves. 9 Someone who is _ has a large amount of money . 10 The two _ languages in Canada are English and French.,flows,maple,booth,wealthy,official,三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1 The accident happened on a cold _ (frost ) morning. 2 The students live happily in these beautiful _ ( surround). 3 This is a _ (extreme) difficult task. 4 Early to bed, early to rise, make a man healthy, _ ( wealth), and wise. 5 Although the new road is being used , it has not yet been _ (official ) opened.,frosty,surroundings,extremely,wealthy,officially,6 Travel has _ (broad) my vision and knowledge of the world. 7 Im _ ( terrify ) of flying. Id rather go by sea. 8 _ ( distant) , to her right, she could make out the city of Shanghai. 9 There is a _ ( continent) climate in that place. 10 Many people suffered from _ ( culture ) shock when they came abroad.,broadened,terrified,Distantly,continental,cultural,四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。 1. go on a tour to _ 2. rather than _ 3. speed up _ 4. the second biggest country_ 5. in the downtown _,在市区,去某地旅行,不愿, 不要,加速,第二大国,6. 在远处_ 7. 远到；直到._ 8. 估计_ 9. 定居，专心于_ 10. 对有天赋_,have a gift for,in the distance,as far as,figure out,settle down,五、词组运用 根据汉语意思，从第四题中选出适当的词组填空。 1. 我的爸爸下个星期去纽约旅行。 My father will _ New York next week? 2. 我想喝柠檬，不想喝可乐。 Id like lemonade _ a coke. 3. 他们一直走到湖边。 They walked _. 4. 如果我们想按时的话，最好加速。 We had better_ if we want to be on time. 5.他想结婚并安居下来。 He wants to get married and _.,settle down,go on a tour to,rather than,as far as the lake,speed up,6. 他有音乐天赋。 He _ music. 7. 她正在尽力想办法解决这个问题。 She is trying to _ to solve the problem. 8. 他一直看着火车，直到火车变成远方的一个点。 She watched the train until it was only a dot _. 9. 加拿大是世界上的第二大的国家。 Canada is _ . 10. 汤姆住在市区。 Tom lives _ .,in the downtown,has a gift for,figure out a way,in the distance,the second biggest country,Language Data Bank,Language points,1. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。,rather than 表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。,(1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。,You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。,rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。,注意！,(2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如 说它漂亮。,(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。,(4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。,注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。 如: Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。,(6) 连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里rather than 后用了walked，而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。,I should thank you _ that you should thank me. A. because B. rather than C. for D. as,B,看 一 例:,2. Going eastward, you will. -ward（s）加在前置词上，构成副词，表示方向backward(s)向后，upward(s)向上。,其他副词后缀: 1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply 2)-ways, always, sideways 3)-wise, otherwise, clockwise,3. People think it is Canadas most beautiful city , surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 许多人认为温哥华是加拿大最美的城市，因为它被大山包围，濒临太平洋。,surround vt. 包围, 围绕; 圈住 Trees surround our house. 我们房子的四周都是树。 The police surrounded the house. 警察包围了这幢房子。 The oceans and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of its cities lie on the bay.,surrounding 现在分词短语做定语。,We could see the buildings _ by trees. A. being surrounded B. surrounded C. to be surrounded D. surround,B,settle down 1) 坐下，躺下 He settled down in his chair to read the newspaper.,4. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午，这对表姐妹上了火车落了座。,aboard adv, prep 在上； 在船上,2) 过安定的生活 After years of traveling, he decided to settle down here. 3) 安下心来，专心致志于 Then they settled themselves down _ work. A. to B. on C. with D. in,A,解析：settle down to “使某人安下心来做”，在此短语中，to 是介词。,与settle相关的短语: settle an old score 清算旧帐 settle for sth. 勉强接受 settle in/into sth. 适应 settle on sth. 选定，决定,5. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.,1) have a gift for 在方面有天分/天赋 gift 特指与生俱来的天份或才能，如绘画、音乐等。 Her gift for dancing amazed the teacher. 老师对她舞蹈的天份大感惊奇。,2) thousands of 成千上万的 类似的用法还有 ： hundreds of 数以百计的 scores of 许多 millions of 上百万的 dozens of 许多，大量 tens of thousands of 数以万计的,score与many, several连用修饰名词复数时，都要用单数，其后的介词of有无均可。但是，习惯上score多与of连用，而dozen很少与of连用，如：two score (of) workers, three score and ten people, several dozen children, many dozen books。,The teacher bought two _books in the bookstore. A. scores of B. scores C. score of,6. most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border 大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国数百公里以内的边疆地带,C,1) within与in表达时间的区别: within指在时间范围之内，不超过；而in 是经过若干时间，指期限之外。 Ill be there within an hour. （一小时之内） Ill be there in an hour. （一小时之后） 2) border n. 边界；国界 v. 与接壤 the countries bordering the Baltic 波罗的海沿岸国家,7. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of square acres. 火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，他们看见了面积有数千平方英亩的农场。,wheat-growing 是一个复合形容词。,复合形容词,1). N-Ned baby-faced (娃娃脸的) horse-faced (马脸的) 2). adj-Ned good-mannered (有礼貌的) narrow-minded (心胸狭窄的),absent-minded (心不在焉的) old-fashioned (过时的) short-sighted (近视的) 3). 数字-Ned one-legged (独脚的) three-headed (三个头的) five-sided (五个边的) two-storied (两层楼的),例外数字-计量单位(-adj)，注意复数时，单位名词仍不加s。 three-year-old (三岁大的) two-week (两个礼拜的) one-way (单行的) 4). N-Ving body-building (强身的) peace-loving (爱好和平的),heart-warming (感人的) law-abiding (守法的) 5). adj-Ving easy-going (悠哉的) good-looking (美貌的) high-sounding (夸张的),6). adv-Ving hard-working (工作努力的) fast-moving (移动快速的) far-reaching (影响深远的) 7). N-pp(过去分词) heart-broken (伤心的) hand-made (手工的) man-caused (人为的),8). adj-pp plain-spoken (坦白说话的) ready-made (现成的) clean-cut (清秀的) 9). adv-pp out-spoken (直言的) well-known (著名的) well-behaved (守规矩的),Language points for Reading II,1. They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. 她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔,因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。,Language points,1) They were not leaving for.属于过去进行时表示将来的动作。 表示位置转移的瞬间动词。如: come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等可用进行时表示将来的动作;用现在进行时表示一般将来时;用过去进行时表示过去将来时。,The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。 2) until/till 直到为止 until常与否定句连用, notuntil 直到才 He didnt finish the work until yesterday.,肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”, 动词必须是延续性的。 否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。,肯定句： I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。,否定句： She didnt arrive until 6 oclock. 她直到6点才到。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。,否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 a. not until 在句首, 主句用倒装。 Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初, 人类才知道热能是什么。,b. 用于强调句It is not until that It was not until I told him that he knew about it. 直至我告诉他，他才知道这件事。,It was _ yesterday _ I was wrong. A. until; did I realize B. not until; did I realize C. until; that I realized D. not until; that I realized,D,2 . because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong. especially表示“尤其, 格外,特别”,意思相当于“in particular ”或“particularly”。多用在介词短语或连词前面。,specially表示“为了一个特别的目的,专门地, 特别地”, 意思相当于“for a special reason or purpose”。 I came specially to see you. 我特地来看你。 The weather has been especially cold. 最近天气特别冷。,Its always difficult being in a foreign country, _if you dont speak the language. A. extremely B. especially C. specially D. naturally,B,extremely表示程度“极其、非常”, specially表示“特地、专门”, 而naturally表示“自然地”, 均与句意不符。especially表示“尤其、特别、格外”, 强调突出性, 用在此处, 句意通顺。,3. Its too bad you cant go as far as Ottawa as far as (程度副词) “远达，远至” He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening. 昨天傍晚, 他一直散步到火车站。,一些带有as.as 结构的常见短语： as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌 as easy as ABC 像ABC一样容易 as deep as a well 像井一样深 as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻 as soft as butter 像黄油一样软 as rich as a Jew 像犹太人一样富裕,4. The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning.火车在那夜晚些时候起程,第二天黎明到达了蒙特利尔。 at, on, in表示时间的用法区别 at表示时间点,常用来表示时刻,如果一段时间按时间点对待也用at。,at 2:30, at dawn /noon /night /dusk /sunrise /sunset /breakfast /lunch dinner /supper, at this /that time, at the beginning of this century,at也可以表示节假日, 例如: at Easter, at Christmas,on表示一天或某一天的一部分。 例如:on Monday, on September 26, on Monday morning, on Friday evening in表示少于一天或多于一天的时间段。,如: in the morning /afternoon /evening, in a week, in three days, in May, in spring, in 2002, in my childhood,注: morning, afternoon, evening, night这些名词如果有一个表示具体某一天的名词作定语时,介词不用in 或at, 而应该用on。,如: on Thursday evening, on a cold winter morning, on the afternoon of April 8, on the night of his return,5. As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St. Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them. wide 和 broad 都是“广阔”的意思,常可换用,但说 wide 时,着重于一边到另一边的距离,而说 broad 时着重于幅面的宽广,可修饰背、肩、胸,心胸等的宽阔,还有“开朗”之意。,The river is 300 feet broad (wide). 这条河有三百多尺宽。 The door is wide open. 门大开。 We saw the broad ocean. 我们看到了广阔的海洋。 His back (shoulder, chest) is broad. 他的背部(肩膀、胸部)很宽阔。,这两个词的常用搭配如下： wide eyes 睁大的眼睛 a wide mouth 一张大嘴 the wide world 广阔的世界 wide interests 广泛的兴趣 a man with broad bosom 胸围很阔的人,the broad ocean 无际的海洋 broad shoulders 宽宽的肩膀 the broad masses 广大群众 broad chest (back) 宽宽的胸膛(背) broad in size 身材宽大,体积宽大,Grammar,同位语从句,1. 概念: 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 2. 功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。,3. 用法: 常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason/ thought/order/ doubt/news/hope/ truth/belief 4. 连词 that/whether/who/ which/ what /when /where/why/how,同位语从句与定语从句区别:,1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。,He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.,Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了。 Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。 (定语从句),(同位语从句),2.从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:,The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语),3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。 如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。 (同位语从句),引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替，如:,The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。 (同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略),The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。 (定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略),1. The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 2. The fact _ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why,A,A,练一练！,3. The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 4. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it,B,B,5. I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D./ 6. Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether D. which,B,A,7. The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that 8. The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether C. that D. what,D,C,9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease. A. that B. as C. of which D. which,A,10. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when 11. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that,A,B,11. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether,B,13. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which 14. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. which,D,B,15. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. that B. what that C. that what D. whether,that 引导同位语从句，补充说明view; what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。,C,16. A story goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that,D,17. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether,B,18. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving,A,19. There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot never.