建设规模与产品方案.ppt

Chapter 4 Project Scale and Product Scheme,Demonstrate and choose a project scale and a combination of major and subsidiary product,Project scale selection Product scheme selection,Maxcy-Silberston Curve 马克西西尔伯斯通曲线,500,1000,10,50,100,200,400,1000,千辆,英镑,单位产品成本,Project Scale Selection 建设规模选择,Economic scale VS. Economies of scale Method of scale choice Issues Influencing the project scale,Economy scale 经济规模,Project scale, production capacity, is the designated capacity the project could possibly reach during its normal operation,划分标准 产品生产能力 装机容量或设备数量 固定资产原值,Economies of scale 规模经济,Benefits gain because of the lower cost per unit of output when increasing the scale of production,Method of Scale Choice 确定建设规模的方法,确定起始规模 确定最大规模 确定合理规模,起始规模产量固定成本/（产品单价单位可变成本 单位税金单位产品利润）,项目的最大生产能力，由影响生产规模的制约因素决定,在一定技术经济条件下，项目投入产出比处于较优状态，资源和资金可以得到充分利用，并可获得较优经济效益的规模,例： 某项目根据工艺条件，单条生产线的最大产量为4000件， 若安装单条生产线，总固定成本为100000元，每件产品变动成本为55元，出厂价格100元，销售税金为5元； 若安装两条生产线，总固定成本为200000元，每件产品变动成本为45元，出厂价格100元，销售税金为5元。 该项目要求销售利润率为10%，即每件产品利润为10元（10010%）。 求最小规模产量。,最小费用法 ACSIEd,单位产品费用,单位产品生产成本,单位产品销售费用,项目投资规模,资金回收系数,投资收益率法 投资收益率收益额/投资额,例：根据对某地区进行市场预测，每年对某种产品的需求量为180000件，根据各方面条件拟定如下四个方案可供选择： 建1个年产180000件项目，投资额192万元，年收益63万元 建2个年产90000件项目，投资额180万元，年收益60万元 建3个年产60000件项目，投资额200万元，年收益59万元 建4个年产45000件项目，投资额204万元，年收益71万元,Issues Influencing the Project Scale 确定建设规模需考虑的因素,Economical reasonability 合理经济规模 By concerning the conditions of project, reaching the reasonable economic scale once or by stages Market capacity 市场容量 Market volume capacity Target market Potential market share Environment capacity 环境容量 Natural environment which is a must and also available to the proposed project External condition 外部条件 Fund Raw material Major external cooperation,Product Scheme Selection 产品方案选择,A combination of major product, subsidiary product, of by-product, when studying a proposed multi-product,Market demand 市场需求 Product species, quantity, and quality should be directed by the market demand Government policy 产业政策 Meet the development guidance issued by government to keep the product in an advanced and market competitive position Professional cooperation 专业化协作 Comply with professional cooperation, as well as product chain connection,Resource comprehensive development 资源综合利用 Concerning the resources comprehensive utilization Environment limitation 环境条件 Local environmental requirement, potential environment capacity, possibility of environment administration and potential investment Raw material supply 原材料燃料供应 Quantity, quality, availability and supply stability of raw material and fuel Technology and equipment 技术设备条件 Availability of technology and equipment Operation requirement 生产储运条件 Production, transportation, packaging, and storage,乙烯工程建设规模与产品方案,建设规模 主要从裂解原料供应、产品市场容量、经济效益、投资额度和筹资能力等方面对两建设方案：60万吨/年和90万吨/年规模进行分析和比选。 从裂解原料就近供应方面看，60万吨/年规模比较适宜； 从市场容量看，两种规模都无问题