商务英语综合教程1U.ppt

U2,Have you heard of the following guys?,Word Collocation,Theme of the Unit,Have you heard of the following “iron ladies“?,Activation _main,Activation _1.1,Can you judge a person from his/her appearance? If yes, how?,Activation _1.2,How much do you agree with this?,Vain trifles as they seem, clothes have, they say, more important offices than merely to keep us warm. They change our view of the world and the worlds view of us.“ Virginia Woolf, Orlando,Activation _1.3,How do they impress you?,Judging from their appearances, whom would you trust most? And whom least? Why?,Activation _1.4,Which image of Beckham do you prefer? Why?,Activation _1.5,How would you describe these people? State your reasons.,Activation _1.6,What can you say about these people? State your reasons.,Activation _1.7,Should you judge a person from his/her appearance?,Yes, sure!,No way!,dressing style clean / dirty cheap / expensive casual / business,messy Einstein clothes souls millionaire in jeans A book is not judged by its cover.,Activation _2,What preposition do you use in each phrase?,to, from, against, on, on the side of,discriminate _ minorities blend in _ environment recoil _ difficulties err _ self-deprecation comment _ political issues,against,to,from,on the side of,on,Activation _3,Have you heard of the following people? What do they have in common?,Activation _3_pop1,Alexander Graham Bell: (1847 1922) most well known for inventing the telephone. His experiment with hearing devices eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first US patent for the invention of the telephone in 1876.,Activation _3_pop2,Andrew Carnegie: (1835 1919) a Scottish-American businessman and major philanthropist and the founder of the Carnegie Steel Company which later became US Steel. He gave away most of his riches to fund many libraries, schools and universities worldwide.,Activation _3_pop3,Karl Marx: (1818 1883) German philosopher, political economist, sociologist, humanist, political theorist, revolutionary and communist icon.,Activation _3_pop4,John D. Rockefeller: (1839 1937) American industrialist, financier, philanthropist and founder of a powerful family of bankers and politicians. He revolutionized the oil industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy. He spent the last forty years of his life creating the modern systematic approach of targeted philanthropy, creating foundations that had a major impact on medicine, education, and scientific research.,Activation _4,Have you heard of the following people? What do they have in common?,Activation _4_pop1,Angela Merkel: (born 17 July 1954) the first female Chancellor of Germany. She is considered by Forbes magazine to be the “most powerful woman in the world at the present time“. In 2007 she became the second woman to chair the G8 after Margaret Thatcher.,Activation _4_pop2,Hillary Clinton: (born October 26, 1947) US Secretary of State (as of 2011), and was a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2008 presidential election. She is married to Bill Clinton the 42nd President of the US and was the First Lady of the US from 1993 to 2001.,Activation _4_pop3,Margaret Thatcher: (born 13 October, 1925) Britains first female prime minister and served three consecutive terms in office. She was one of the dominant political figures of 20th century Britain, and Thatcherism continues to have a huge influence today.,Activation _4_pop4,Wu Yi: (born November 1938 in Wuhan, China) former Vice Premier of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China, overseeing the countrys economy until March 2008. Known as the “iron lady“, Wu was one of the toughest negotiators in Chinas government, Forbes magazine considered her the second most powerful woman in the world in 2004, 2005 and 2007.,Text I_ warm up1,Shen Qiang, 40, a Chinese visiting scholar in an American medical school, began to grow a beard one month after he arrived. “Its common for male students on campus to have long hair or even beards. But back in China, the hospital I worked in does not allow employees to have beards. I want to seize this opportunity while being abroad; otherwise I would never be able to see myself with a beard.“ He said, “I think I look more sophisticated now.“,TEXT I,Text I_ warm up2,Questions for Discussion: 1. What is your first impression of a bearded person? Sophisticated, untidy, middle-aged, authoritative, or even scary? 2. How do you comment on the hospitals ban on beards?,I think a beard is related to sophistication sometimes, or in China related to an artist. But sometimes it projects a negative image.,I think it is reasonable. Otherwise they may look somewhat untidy or unreliable.,TEXT I,Text I_ warm up3,3. Can you think of other institutions that have special policies on peoples appearance, like length of hair, height, weight, and so on?,Teachers, though not clearly stated, are not supposed to wear very outstanding hairstyles. Also actresses are expected to be slim to be attractive. TV anchorpersons are said to have to follow some regulations concerning hairstyle and wearing.,TEXT I,What is Woodstock?,What is Gillette?,About the Author,What is ZZ Top?,Text I_ BG_ main,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_1,About the Author von Rhymer Rigby,von Rhymer Rigby is a London based freelance journalist who writes about business, travel and lifestyle. He has written for various newspapers such as the Financial Times, the Sunday Telegraph, and The Independent and magazines ranging from Campaign and the RSA Journal to GQ and Arena. He has also appeared on TV and radio as a business commentator. His jobs include writer, editor, and editorial researcher. Later he traveled widely and published travel features for a number of newspapers.,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_2.1,Have you heard of Gillette?,Gillette: The first company to invent safety razor, acquired by Procter & Gamble in 2005.,Click the icon to watch a Gillette commercial.,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_2.2,Federer: “Yesterday is history, just a nice memory.“ Henry: “I never think about yesterday.“ Woods: “The only day that matters is today.“ Start today with Gillette Fusion Power and the confidence you get from the worlds closest, most comfortable shave. Turn it on, so the micro-pulses will reduce friction. You barely feel the blades. Gillette Fusion Power, Your Best Today!,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_3.1,Have you heard of Woodstock?,Enjoy the music (Going Up the Country by Canned Heat) and feel the Woodstock.,A music festival held at a dairy farm in the rural town southwest of the village of Woodstock, New York. The festival exemplified the counterculture of the late 1960s early 1970s and the “hippie era“.,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_3.2_Script1,Thank you! Oh, you look good tonight. You know, this is the most outrageous spectacle Ive ever witnessed, ever. Theres one thing I wish: I shouldve got a pee! And there just is nowhere to go. I believe were “GOING UP THE COUNTRY“ a little bit right now. Lyric: Im going up the country, baby, dont you want to go? 2 Im going to some place, where Ive never been before.“ Im going where the water tastes like wine. 2 We can jump in the water, stay drunk all the time.,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_3.2_Script2,Im going to leave this city. Got to get away. Im going to leave this city. Got to get away. All this fussing and fighting, man, you know I sure cant stay. Now, baby, pack your leaving trunk. You know weve got to leave today. Just exactly where were going, I cannot say but we might even leave the USA. Because its a brand new game and I want to play. No use in your running or screaming and crying because youve got a home as long as Ive got mine.,TEXT I,Text I_ BG_4,Have you heard of ZZ top?,An American southern rock band formed in late 1969 in Houston, Texas. Nearly as well-known as their music is their trademark chest-length beards.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_1,A Hairy Issue for Todays Executive,von Rhymer Rigby,Jim French, the bearded chief executive of UK budget airline Flybe, recently went to an awards dinner for entrepreneurs. In an audience of around a hundred, he says, there was only one other beard in the room. “I have had it my entire adult life, so I dont really think about it much,“ he says. “But when you start to look around they are pretty rare you dont meet many people with proper beards in business.“,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_2,Why is this? Is the beard a bar to career advancement? Do managers unconsciously discriminate against those with facial hair? Although rare, there are several notable beards in British boardrooms. Sir Richard Branson says his has never caused him any problems. “In some ways British business has a rather dated view of the beard. Thousands of people try to become Sir Alan Sugars apprentice every year. Larry Ellison has done pretty well sporting a beard and many of the new generation of dotcom millionaires have heavy stubble.“,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_3,He adds that his beard has been with him throughout his career: “I have never shaved and have had a beard since I was sixteen and its done me no harm. In some ways it has helped me stand out from the crowd.“ Indeed, the best known business beards Branson, Sir Alan Sugar, Larry Ellison and Felix Dennis all belong in the category of mavericks. Their unconventional facial hair fits with their unconventional personalities and ways of doing business. Perhaps, then, if you have the confidence to wear facial hair in the first place, it will not be a bushy bar to success.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_4,Beards were not always as sparse as they are now. In the 19th and early 20th centuries facial hair was the norm. John D. Rockefeller sported variously a moustache and an impressive pair of mutton chops; Andrew Carnegie was bearded; Alexander Graham Bell luxuriantly so. So too in politics: no less than five US presidents have sported full beards, but the last was in 1893; in Britain the vogue for executive facial hair lingered on, although for some reason prime ministers have tended to favour the moustache.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_5,But that was then. “Beards were much more common in the 1960s and 1970s and then almost totally disappeared in the 1980s,“ says Cary Cooper, professor of organisational psychology (and beard wearer) at Lancaster University. Indeed, the lines of most modern executives are Gillette-smooth, sleek and untroubled by whiskers. Clean-shaven style guru Peter York says that the beards rarity in business mirrors its rarity in society as a whole. “There arent many beards these days and goatees dont really count.“ Proper beards, he explains, are seen as for the middle-aged, with connotations of the Woodstock generation.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_6,“They say anti-capitalist or academic. If you ask a recruitment consultant, one of the first things they will say is Ditch the beard.“ In certain areas the public sector, academia and information technology the beard may have a little more currency, he adds but not in the City or on Wall Street. Many armed forces throughout the world have “no beard“ policies although these tend to make exceptions for religious and practical sensibilities for instance, a member of the special forces might grow a beard to blend in to a particular environment.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_7,As with the armed forces, so with the police. The New York Police Department recently told its officers to shave their beards, although apparently moustaches are permitted and undercover cops can do as they see fit. In Houston, Texas, four policemen are suing the city and its police department over a beard ban for officers, claiming their pay and status have been reduced and that the ban unfairly singles out those with skin conditions.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_8,Our attitudes to facial hair are greatly shaped by culture. In the Middle East, India, South America and Asia beards are far more common and may appear almost as soon as their owners can grow one. And even in the West, Latin and Germanic countries are more pro-beard than the smooth-cheeked Anglosphere. It is certainly advisable for ambitious business wearers to keep a neat beard. “If I see a scruffy beard, I think scruffy bugger,“ says Mr. French. “A long beard just says ZZ Top it becomes comical,“ concurs Mr. York.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_9,So will the full-strength beard as opposed to the watered-down goatee ever make a comeback in the workplace? Mr. York doubts it. “The modern world is all about ultra-grooming, which gives an impression of wealth and efficiency. And a beard is a serious commitment you cant just change it like a tie.“,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_10,As for Britains best-known business beardie, Sir Richard Branson says the future of his facial hair is by no means certain, if his latest venture bears fruit: “I am a little concerned that my beard could be at risk in space. One of our early customers for Virgin Galactic is determined to shave my beard off whilst weightless.“,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ Perhaps ,Perhaps, then, if you have the confidence to wear facial hair in the first place, it will not be a bushy bar to success.,What does “in the first place“ mean? What does “a bushy bar“ refer to?,in the first place: first of all, first a bushy bar to success: an obstacle to success caused by facial hair; bar: n. obstacle, barrier; a bar to sth: an obstacle that hinders sth,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ in Britain 1,. in Britain the vogue for executive facial hair lingered on, although for some reason prime ministers have tended to favour the moustache.,Do you know of any British prime ministers who wear a moustache?,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ in Britain 2,Andrew Bonar Law: 192223 Conservative. Laws “Tranquility Manifesto“ was an attempt to allow Britain to recover from war damage. Though elected, he lasted just 209 days in office. He resigned in May 1923 due to ill health, and died of throat cancer six months later.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ in Britain 3,Ramsay MacDonald: 1924, 192935 Labour.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ in Britain 4,Neville Chamberlain: 193740 Conservative. In September 1938 Chamberlain made three visits to Germany for talks with Adolf Hitler that he hoped would avert a war. The result was an agreement that Britain and Germany would never again go to war. “I believe,“ he declared on his return to the UK, “it is peace for our time.“,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ in Britain 5,John Major: 199097 Conservative. When elected, he was the youngest Prime Minister for over a century. He established the Northern Ireland Peace Process in the early 1990s.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ Many armed,Many armed forces throughout the world have “no beard“ policies although these tend to make exceptions for religious and practical sensibilities for instance, a member of the special forces might grow a beard to blend in to a particular environment.,Paraphrase the sentence. Pay attention to the italicized part.,Many armed forces throughout the world have “no beard“ policies, but for religious and practical reasons some people are still allowed to have a beard for example, a member of the special forces might grow a beard so that he can mingle harmoniously into a particular culture group.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ The New York,The New York Police Department recently told its officers to shave their beards, although apparently moustaches are permitted and undercover cops can do as they see fit.,Paraphrase the sentence. Pay attention to the italicized part.,The New York Police Department recently told its officers to ditch their beards, though it is clear that moustaches are permitted and undercover cops can do whatever to their facial hair as long as it fits their job.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ It is certainly1,It is certainly advisable for ambitious business wearers to keep a neat beard.,Paraphrase the sentence. Pay attention to the italicized part.,It is recommended that ambitious businessmen keep a neat beard. Pay attention to the sentence pattern: It is advisable for sb to do sth,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ It is certainly2,Another example: A seeming ignorance is very often a most necessary part of worldly knowledge. It is, for instance, commonly advisable to seem ignorant of what people offer to tell you; and, when they say, Have you not heard of such a thing? to answer, No, and to let them go on, though you know it already. Philip Dormer Stanhope,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ S_ The modern,The modern world is all about ultra-grooming, which gives an impression of wealth and efficiency.,Paraphrase the sentence. Pay attention to the italicized part.,The modern world puts great emphasis on being exceptionally clean, so that other people can feel this person is wealthy and efficient.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ W_ entrepreneur,entrepreneur: n. a person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks,n. entrepreneurship,Being an entrepreneur means thinking about the business all the time, accepting its responsibilities and its failures.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ W_ discriminate,discriminate: v. to treat one person or group worse / better than another in an unfair way,n. discrimination,Why do so many companies think its OK to discriminate against older people?,A majority of the delegates discriminated in favour of the proposal., against sb, in favour of sb,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ W_ apprentice,apprentice: n. a young person who works for an employer for a fixed period of time in order to learn the particular skills needed in their job,Many companies take newly graduates since apprentices offer a cheap source of labor.,TEXT I,Text I_ DR_ W_ connotation,connotation: n. an idea suggested by a word in addition to its main meaning,Do you know that “fat“ and “plump“ have different connotations?,TEXT I,Text