商务英语翻译-U6词类转换翻译法.ppt

U6 词类转换翻译法,Vocabulary,statement of account current account outstanding account credit account/creditor account debit account/debtor account account payable account receivable cash account running account,会计报表 活期账 未决帐项 贷方账项 借方账项 应付账；应付未付账 应收账；应收未收账 现金账 流水账,Vocabulary,suspense account overdue account to keep account to have an account with to make up an account to close ones account wtih to close an account to ask an account /to demand an account,暂记账 过期账；延滞账 记账 与有交易 清算；清理债务 与停止交易 结账 清理未付账,Vocabulary,to settle an account / to liquidate an account / to square an account to audit an account to examine an account to charge the amount to As account to pay on account by return post,清算 审查账目；监查账目 检查账目 转入A的账户 以记账方式付款 立即作复,课前练笔,Accounting includes the design of accounting systems, preparation of financial statements, audits, cost studies, development of forecasts, income tax work, computer applications to accounting processes, and the analysis and interpretation of accounting information as an aid to making business decisions. 译文： 会计包括设计会计制度，准备财务报表、审计账目和成本研究报告，展开预测、个人所得税工作和计算机在财务过程中的运用，分析与解读有助于制定商业决策的会计信息。,变通翻译法,视角转换（shift of perspective） 词类转换 句子成分转换； 表达方式转换； 自然语序与倒装语序之间的转换； 正面表达与反面表达之间的转换； 主动句式与被动句式之间的转换； 不同分句（含主句与从句）之间的转换； 等等。,视角转化法 (Shift of Perspectives),1. riot police 2. competition law 3. Students are still arriving. 4. Dont stop running. 5. Inflation is Target of Banks New Policy （China Daily 标题） 6. arms conference 7. bench warmer,防暴警察 反竞争法 学生还没有到齐。 继续跑。 反通货膨胀是银行新政的目标。 裁军会议 “冷板凳”队员（替补队员）,概念：将源语中属于一种词类的词语翻译成目的语中属于另一种词类的词语的翻译方法。 采取此法原因： 中英语言语法差异，它所修饰的某个成分或被它修饰的某个成分发生了词性转换； 中英语言表达方面差异，英语的某一词类为地道表达，但汉语另一词类才是地道表达。 目的：使语言表达更为地道。,词类转换,词类转换,1. Converting to verbs（转译成动词） 名词转译成动词 （n.-v.） 介词转译成动词。（prep.-v.） 形容词转译成动词（adj.-v.） 副词转译为动词（adv.-v.） 2. Converting to nouns（转译成名词） 动词转译为名词 （v.-n.） 形容词转译为名词 （adj.-n. ） 3. Converting to other parts of speech（其它词类转译）,1-名词转译成动词 （n.-v. ）,英语中具有动作意义的动作意义的名词，汉译时往往可转化为动词。 They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage increase. Give me liberty or give me death. He is an enemy to reform.,他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。,不自由，毋宁死。,他反对改革。,Difference between the social system of states shall not be an obstacle to their approach and cooperation. I am afraid I cant teach you English. I think my daughter is a better teacher than I. The operation of a computer needs some knowledge of English.,恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得好。,操作电脑需要一些英语知识。,1-名词转译成动词 （n.-v. ）,国与国社会制度的不同应妨碍彼此的接近与合作。,The road to development is long but we are firmly on it. He is walking in the park with an umbrella in his hand. It is our goal that the people in the undeveloped areas will be finally off poverty. The company has advertised in the newspaper for electronic experts.,发展的道路虽然漫长，可我们已坚定地走上了这条路。,他在公园散步，手里拿着一把伞。,我们的目标是使不发达地区的人民最终摆脱贫困。,公司在报上登广告招聘电子方面的专家。,1-介词转译成动词（prep.-v.）,Integrity means you do what you do because its right and not just fashionable or politically correct. Dont be afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might even be smarter than you are. Is Mr. Smith familiar with the performance of the laboratory equipment?,诚实意味着去做你认为对的事，而不仅仅是为了赶时髦或在政治上不出错。,不要恐惧那些想法可能比你高明，或者那些可能比你更聪明的人。,史密斯先生熟悉实验室设备的性能吗？,1-形容词转译成动词（adj.-v.）,What film will be on this evening? That book will be out pretty soon. In those years the republicans were in. Double windows were fixed to keep the cold out.,今晚放映什么影片？,那本书不久就要出版了。,那些年是共和党执政。,安装双层窗御寒。,1-副词转译为动词（adv.-v.）,当英语动词的意义不易用汉语动词表达，或不能表达得很准确时，可以把动词转译为名词。 The book did not impress me at all. Harry aims to become a computer expert. Your work is characterized by lack of attention to detail.,那本书没留给我什么印象。,哈里的目标是成为计算机专家。,你工作的毛病是不注意细节。（粗心大意）,2-动词转译为名词 （v.-n.）,The machine weighs about five hundred kilograms. When light falls on certain things, it bounces back, which we say the light is reflected. The youths always dream fondly of their future. Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction.,光照到某种物体上会弹回来，这种情况我们称之为光受到反射。,年轻人对前途总是怀有美好的梦想。,有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面所取得的成就给予了很高的评价。,这台机器的重量是500公斤。,2-动词转译为名词 （v.-n.）,注意： 如果英语动词译成汉语动词时跟前后的修饰语不好搭配；或搭配起来不符合汉语习惯，可以把动词译成名词，再在名词前加上与之搭配的动词。,有些形容词在翻译时如不易或不能用适宜的汉语形容词表达，可改用名词表达。 The day was cloudy but the sun was trying to come through. Obedience is obligatory on a soldier. Many Western people are religious.,天上有云，不过太阳就要破云而出了。,服从命令是军人的天职。,很多西方人/西方人多数都是虔诚的教徒。,2-形容词转译为名词（adj.-n. ）,You are a greater blockhead than I had supposed you to be. Our government shows great concern for the Chinese resident abroad. His address impressed me deeply. From the front, back and both sides we kept a strict watch on the enemy.,你比我所想象得要傻得多（n.adj.）,我国政府十分关心海外华侨。,他的讲话给我留下很深的印象。,我们在前后左右严密地监视敌人。,3.其它词类转译,He is the right man Im looking for. The unit of weight is the gram, that of length is the meter, and that of capacity is the liter. The machine can dimensionally be changeable according to consumers need. All you have done is proportional to all you have achieved.,他正是我在找的人。,重量单位是克，长度单位是米，容量单位是升。,这台机器可以根据用户的需要进行尺寸（或大小）的变化。,你的付出和所得成正比。,3.其它词类转译,To be independent is an absolute necessity for young people. In science, it is important to state a law or a principle accurately. With slight repairs, the machine could be in motion. The new mayor earned respect due to the courtesy of visiting the poor in the city.,独立对年轻人来说是绝对必要的。,在科学方面定律或定理的准确叙述十分重要。,只要稍加修理，这台机器便可以运转。,新市长有礼貌地访问城市贫民赢得了人们的尊敬。,3.其它词类转译,3. A government report targets earnings from industry at US $ 200 billion by 2008.,2. The cost of making goods c