句子写作练习.docx

Ways to Diversify Sentences一篇好文章的条件很多。除了内容丰富和组织紧密之外，词汇的运用和句子的处理，也起着决定性作用可根据情况，使句子多样化，使文章灵活多姿。Example:下列五个句子的基本概念一样，但是句式不同，内容重点也有些差别：(1)Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句)(2)Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(现在分语短语+简单句)(3)Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副词短语+并列分句)(4)Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(简单句+形容语短语)(5)Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(原因副词从句+主句)(1)和(5)的句式最常见；如果加上其他三种互相交替，句子不是更多样化吗？Exercise:How to diversify the following sentences by combing them together?(1)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.(2)Hefeltveryuneasy. -(a) Theyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.（简单句）(b) Theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.（简单句）(c)Theyoungpilotsfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.（简单句）(c) Extremeuneasinessseizedtheyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastraining.（简单句）(d) Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.（简单句）(e) Itbeinghisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltvery uneasy.（简单句）(g)Beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.（简单句）(h)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.（并列句）(i)Theyoungpilot,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.（复杂句）(j)Whentheyoungpilotwasonhis/firstoverseastrainging,hefeltveryuneasy.（复杂句）(k)Astheyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.（复杂句）(l)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.（复杂句）增强英语语句表现力的有效方法一、避免使用语意弱的“be”动词。1、把句中的表语转换为不同的修饰语。例如：Weak:Thetreesarebare.Thegrassisbrown.Thelandscapeseemsdrab.Revision:Thebrowngrassandbaretreesformadrablandscape.(转换为前置定语)Or:Thelandscape,bareandbrown,beggedforspringgreen.(转换为并列结构作后置定语)2、将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。例如：1)Weak:Theteammembersaregoodplayers.Revision:Theteammembersplaywell.2)Weak:Oneworkersplanistheeliminationoftardiness.Revision:Oneworkersplaneliminatestardiness.3、在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中，把“be”动词后的名词代词变成改写句的主语。例如：1)Weak:Thereisnoopportunityforpromotion.Revision:Noopportunityforpromotionexists.2)Weak:Herearethebooksyouordered.Revision:Thebooksyouorderedhavearrived.二、多用语意具体的动词，保持句意简洁明了。例如：1、Poor:Mysupervisorwentpastmydesk. Better:Mysupervisorsauntered(=walkedslowly)pastmydesk.2、Poor:Sheisacarefulshopper.Better:Shecomparespricesandquality.ChapterOne文章开头句型1-1对立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.例如(e.g)1.Whenaskedabout.,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat.ButIthink/view a bitdifferently.2.Whenitcomesto.,somepeoplebelievethat.Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,but(Itendtotheformer/latter.)3.Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledgedthat.Theyclaim/believe/arguethat.ButIwonder/doubtwhether.1-2现象法:引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论.e.g1.Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenoonof).hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.2.Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof.hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbroughttopublicattention)3.Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality.isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwe havetolearntofacenow/constantly.1-3观点法:开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.e.g:1.Neverhistoryhasthechangeof.beenasevidentas.Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaof.beenmorevisible/popularthan.2.Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that. 3.Nowthereisagrowingawareness/recognitionofthenecessityto.Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof. 4.Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat.1-4引用法:先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,来引出文章要展开论述的观点!e.g:1.Knowledgeispower.suchistheremarkmadebyBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.Educationisnotcompletewithgraduation.SuchistheopinionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopinion.2.Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordslikethose/this. Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplainsasthis.1-5比较法:通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点.e.g:1.Foryears,.hadbeenviewedas.Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowin.people.2.Peopleusedtothinkthat.(Inthepast,.)Butpeoplenowsharethisnew.1-6故事法:先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题e.g:1.Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt.Thephenomenonof.hasarousedpublicconcen.2.Ihaveafriendwho.Shouldhe.?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontwithinourdailylife. 3.Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho.Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.1-8问题法:先用讨论或解答的设问,引出自己观点,适用于有争议性的话题.e.g: Should/What.?Optionsof.varygreatly,some.,others.Butinmyopinion,.Chapter2文章中间主体内容句型原因结果分析 3-1-1.基本原因:分析某事物时,用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.e.g: 1.Why.?Foronething.Foranother. 2.Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.Foronething.Foranother.Stillanother.3.Anumberoffactors,bothphysicalandpsychologicalaffect./bothindividualandsocialcontributeto. 3-1-2另一原因:在分析了基本原因之后,再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!e.g:1.Anotherimportantfactoris.2.isalsoresponsibleforthechange/problem.3.Certainly,the.isnotthesolereasonfor. 3-1-3后果影响：分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响.e.g:1.Itwillproduceaprofound/far-reachingeffect/impacton.2.Ininvolvessomeseriousconsequencefor.比较对照句型3-2-1.两者比较：比较两事物,要说出其一超过另一个,或肯定一事物的优点,也肯定其缺点的时候用!e.g: 1.TheadvantagesgainedfromAaremuchgreaterthantheadvantageswegainfromB. 2.Indeed,AcarriesmuchweightwhencomparedwithB.3.Thereisnodoubtthatithasitsnegativeeffectsaswell aspositiveeffects.3-2-2.两者相同/相似：比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!e.g: 1.AandBhaveseveralthingincommon.Theyaresimilarinthat.2.Abearssomestrikingresemblance(s)toB.ChapterThree文章结尾形式2-1结论性：通过对文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.e.g: 1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.2.Insummary/Inaword,itismorevaluable.2-2：后果性揭示所讨论的问题若不解决,将产生的严重后果.e.g: 1.Wemustcallforanimmediatemethod,becausethecurrentphenomenonof.,ifallowedtoproceed,willsurelyleadtotheheavycostof.2.Obviously,ifweignore/areblindtotheproblem,thereiseverychancethat.willbeputindanger.2-3号召性：呼吁读者行动起来,采取行动或提请注意.e.g: 1.Itistimethatweurgedanimmediateendtotheundesirabletendencyof.2.Itisessentialthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocorrectthetendency.2-4建议性：对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见,包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.e.g:1.Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately,stillthereareways.Themostpopu