七年级英语新目标_单元知识点_上册.doc

英语新目标七年级单元知识点Unit 1.句型1. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？ Whats her / his name? 她 / 他叫什么名字？2. Whats your first / given name？你的名是什么？(对于外国人来说，中国人相反) Whats your last / family name?你姓什么？ 3. Im Mary. = My name is Mary. 我叫玛丽。 She is Mary. = Her name is Mary. 她叫玛丽。4. Nice to meet you! 见到你真高兴。 Nice to meet you, too. 见到你也很高兴。5. Whats your telephone number? 你的电话号码是什么？短语1. names=name is 名字是2. Im=I am 我是3. shes=she is 她是hes=he is 他是 youre =you are 你（你们）是 theyre=they are 他（她；它）们是 thats=that is 那是 isnt=is not 不是（单数形式）hes not =he is not=he isnt 他不是 whats=what is 什么是 wheres=where is 在哪儿是 Lets=Let us 让我们4 .Nice to meet/ see you. 见到你很高兴 5 .how many + n(pl) 多少 how much + n.(u) 多少6. family name 姓氏7. given name 名字8 .telephone number =phone number 电话号码9. ID card 身份证10. Good morning 早上好11. Good afternoon 下午好12. Good night /evening . 晚上好13. Sit down, please. =Have a seat, please. 请坐 14. Thats all right. 好；行；不用谢；没关系 Thats right . 对的、正确的 All right .好的，行，好吧15. Not at all.=Its a/my pleasure =Thats OK. =Youre welcome. =Thats all right. 不用谢句型：1, Whats your name? My names Jenny. / Im Jenny. / Jenny.May I have your name? Yes, my names Jenny. Whats his/her name? His/Her names Tony/Gina. 2, Im Tony Brown. Whats your full name?My full name/ It is Tony Brown. My first name is Tony. My last name/family name is Brown. 3, Whats your/his/her telephone/phone number? Its 555-3539.语法：1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的) our(我们的) your(你们的）their(他们的） 后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。 在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。 My book is here. This is my book. 2, 主格： I you he/she/ it we you they 在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 am/is/are 及其他动词。 Im a student. She looks great.Unit 2.句型 1. Excuse me. 打扰了。 Is this / that your pencil? 这个 / 那个是你的铅笔吗？ Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. 是的，它是。/ 不，不是。( 回答时常用it替代上文中的this和that )2. This / That is my ruler. 这个 / 那个是我的尺子。3. Please call Mary at 495-3539.( call sb at + 电话号码） 请给Mary 打电话:495-3539. Please call Mary. 请给Mary 打电话。 Please call 495-3539. 请拨打495-3539. 短语：1. pencil case 铅笔盒2. pen pal =pen friend 笔友3. Thank you. =Thanks . 谢谢你4 .in English 用英语5 .computer game(s) 电子游戏6. Lost and Found 失物招领7. a set of 一副；一套 a set of keys 一串钥匙8. whos=who is 谁是 9 .its=it is 它是10. look at 朝看11 .ball-point pen 圆珠笔12. call sb at+电话号码 打电话给某人13. gold ring 金戒指14.school ID card 校卡15. See you later.=See you soon再见句型：1, Is this your pencil? Yes, it is. 2, Is this my pen? No, it isnt. 3, Is that his book? Yes, it is. 4, How do you spell it? = Can you spell it, please? = Spell it, please. 5, Call Alan at 495-3539. Call me/him/her/them. 给我/他/她/他们打电话. Call 4953539 拨打4953539。 Call sb. at + 电话号码 拨打找某人 6, Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 7, a set of keys a set of + 名词复数语法；1,句中含be(am, is, are)一般疑问句的变法： 把be提前，如果句中有my变your，I 变you，其他的照抄不变。肯定回答 yes, 主语+am/is/are 否定回答 No,主语+am not/arent/isnt. 注意：回答时主语如果是物品单数或者this/that的话，用it替代主语，如果是复数人和物品用they替代。 2, be动词的用法口诀；I am, you are, is 他/她/它（he/she/it）,单数is 复数are. Be动词跟随主语的变化而变化。3单数和复数（ 注意一致性）Eg. This is my book.These are my books.That is her friend.Those are her friends.名词单数变复数的方法一般在名词后+S ruler rulers以s sh ch x 等结尾+es bus buseswatch watches以辅音字母+y结尾 改y为 i + esstudystudies以O 结尾+S 或es ( 奇数+S 偶数+es)zoostomatoes单、复数的形式一样 sheep不规则 man menwoman women child children4，this thesethatthose 的用法近处远处Be动词单数thisthatis复数thesethoseareThis is a book.That is a car.These are books.Those are cars.5, 失物招领的书写格式：Unit 3.句型1. This / That is my sister. 复数形式是： These / Those are my sisters.（this/ that的复数 分别是these / those）2. It is a watch. 复数形式是： They are some watches. (he / she / it 复数都是they)3. Is he / Guo Peng your brother? Yes, he is. / No, he isnt. 他 / 郭鹏是你的哥哥吗？ 是的，他是。 / 不，他不是4. Thanks for the photo of your family.感谢你寄来你的家庭照（全家福）。 thanks = thank you； the photo of your family = your family photo5. Here is my family photo. 这儿是我的家庭照。 Here are some books. 这儿有一些书。There is a picture and three pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一幅画和三支铅笔。There are many photos in the drawer. 抽屉里有许多照片。（here / there 后的be动词单复数形式要以紧随其后的名词单复数来定）短语1 .how old 几岁2. Thanks for.+n./doing sth 为而感谢3 .very much=a lot 很；非常4. pen friend 笔友5. arent=are not 不是（复数形式）6.isnt=is not 不是 (单数)7. the Great Wall 长城8 .Thanks for your help 为了感谢你的帮助9. in the picture 在图中10. which one 哪一个11. look at 朝看12. talk about 谈论关于13. family photo 家庭照片14. family tree 家谱15. what about=how about 关于怎么样16. draw a picture 画画17. a photo(picture) of 一张的照片18.take photos (a photo) 拍照句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isnt. Is she your sister? No, she isnt. 2,This is my friend. These are my friends. That is my brother. Those are my brothers. 3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo. photo of your family = your family photo语法：1可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加s, book-books， 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加es watch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es boy- boys, family-families 以o结尾的有生命的加es, 无生命的加s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photos2介绍他人，确认人物介绍他人1）、This/That is （not） my sister / his brother / Tom .2）、These/Those are （not） her parents / friends .确认人物1）、-Is this/that your father ？-Yes，it is./No，it isnt.2）、-Are these/those Jims friends ？-Yes，they are ./No，they arent.3）、-Is he/she your brother/sister ？-Yes，he/she is ./No，he/she isnt.4）、-Are they your sisters friends？-Yes，they are./No，they arent.3，短信的格式Unit 4.句型 1. Where is my backpack? 我的背包在哪儿？ Where are the books? 那些书在哪儿？2. Its / Theyre in the drawer / under the bed / on the bookcase.它 / 它们在抽屉里 / 床底下 / 书柜上。(注意主语和be动词照应)3. Is it / Is the book / on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?Are they on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?它 / 这本书 / 它们在床上 / 背包里 / 桌子下吗？4. Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西去学校吗？ some一般用在肯定的陈述句中，any用在否定句（“任何”）或疑问句（“某些，一些”）中。但如果表示期待对方肯定的回答或表请求和建议，疑问句中常用some。如上句。5. take to 把带到 takethere bringto.把带来 bringhere Please take your sister to school. 请把你的妹妹带到学校。Please bring your homework to our classroom. 请把你的作业带到我们教室来 bring 表从另一处带到这儿。take 表从这儿带到另一处。方向正好相反。短语1. next to 在旁边2. dont=do not 助动词否定形式3. Goodbye.= Bye-bye 再见4. behind the computer 在电脑后面 5 .write down 写下；记下6. Im sorry 对不起7 .alarm clock 闹钟8.video tape 录像带9. soccer ball 英式足球10. school bag 书包11. in the backpack 在书包里12 .under the bed 在床下13 .on the chair 在椅子上14. on the dresser 在梳妆台上15. take sth to(there/him/+地点) 把带去16 .bring sth to (here/me/+地点) 把带来17. the math book 这本数学书句型：Wheres the baseball? Its in the backpack. Wheres my computer game? Its under the bed. Where are his keys? Theyre on the dresser. Where are your books? Theyre on the chair. Where are her keys? Theyre on the table. Where are you? Im at school. Is it on the dresser? No, it isnt. Please take these things to your sister. Can you bring some things to school? The book is on the floor.语法: 1表示地点或位置的介词1） in : 大家好！我是介词in,我性格内向，非常害羞，总爱躲在某个物体的里面2） on :Hi, everyone!我是介词on, 我最喜欢和某一物体的表面 “亲密接触”。3） under : Hello!我是介词on 的弟弟under，我常与on 唱反调，喜欢待在某物的下面。拓展4） behind 表示“在后面”，常指一个物体在另一个物体的后面。5） next to 紧挨着；在旁边：与邻接6） between 表示“在两者之间”，通常与and连用7） near表示“在附近”2,询问人或物品在哪里，我们用Where, 结构为 where+is/are+人/物品名称? “在哪里” 回答用 主语+is/are +in/at/under/on/near +地点注意：表示“在地方”地点前要用定冠词the 或者形容词性物主代词my/your/his/their修饰，但是两者不能同时出现，我们可以说in the room, in my room 但是绝对不可以in the my room.询问位置1、-Where is your pencil ？-Its on the desk / in the backpack/ under the chair .2、-Where are my books ？-Theyre in the drawer / on the dresser.指明位置1、The basketball is（not）under the table .Her skirt is（not）on the bed .2、The keys are（not）in the drawer .My shoes are（not）under the bed .确认位置1、-Is his eraser in the pencil case ？-Yes，it is ./ No，it isnt .2、-Are her socks in the bag ？- -Yes，they are ./ No，they arent .（ where is=wheres, where与are不缩写）Eg:(1) Wheres my backpack? Its under the table.(2)Where are your books? Theyre on the sofa.(3)Where is the computer game? Its under the bed.(4)Where are his/ her keys? Theyre in the drawer.(5)A: Wheres the alarm clock?B: I dont know. Is it on the dresser?A: Yes, it is./NO, it isnt.3情态动词can（1）表示能力 “会，能”eg：-Can you / he / she / they play tennis ？-Yes，I / he / she / they can .-No， I / he / she / they cant.（2）表示有礼貌地征询对方意见或许可 “你能吗？”eg：-Can you bring some things to school ？-Sure/Certainly/Of course.（肯定回答）-Sorry，I cant.（婉言拒绝）词语用法:1, take v.带走， 把人或物品带到别的地方去，take to 把带到去 2 bring v.带来，把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来 bringto 把带到来 2,please 后接动词用原形。Unit 5.句型1. Do you have a soccer ball? 你有一个足球吗？ Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does she have a tennis racket? 她有一个网球拍吗？Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. （谓语是实义动词的时候，疑问句形式：do / does 提前到主语前，主语后面的动词用原形）2. I dont have a soccer ball. 我没有一个足球。 She doesnt have a volleyball. 她没有排球。（谓语是实义动词的时候，否定形式：do /does +not + 动词原形）3. Let me / us play soccer. 让我/ 我们踢足球吧。(let后面的动词用原形)4. That sounds good / great / interesting / boring.那听起来不错 /好极了 /有趣 /无聊。（that指代上文之事）5. I / We / They / You / The kids have 8 baseballs. 我 / 我们 / 他们 / 孩子们有8个棒球。 She / He / My brother / The boy has 8 baseballs. 她 /他 /我哥哥 /那个男孩有8个棒球。（注意以上各句主语和谓语的照应：主语是单三，谓语也用单三）短语1. tennis racket 网球拍2. baseball bat棒球球拍3 .doesnt=does not 助动词否定形式4. watch TV 看电视5. have /play sports 做运动6. a good idea 一个好主意7. every day/morning/Sunday/ 每天/每个早上/星期天8. watch a game(s) 看比赛/游戏9. like doing 喜欢做某事(习惯爱好)10. like to do 喜欢做某事(特定时间)11.want to do sth 想做某事12. That sounds interesting 那听起来很有趣13. a great collection 一个伟大的收藏14. be interested in sth=take an interest in 对感兴趣15 .Youre welcome .不用谢16. welcome to+地点 欢迎来某地17. go and find=go to find 去找到 18.ping-pong / soccer / tennis ball 乒乓球/ 足球/ 网球（指物品）19.play tennis /basketball /baseball /ping-pong /volleyball /soccer /football “打，踢”(指运动)20.play computer games 打电脑游戏 21.on TV 在电视上（通过电视） 句型: Do you have a TV? Yes, I do/No, I dont. Do they have a computer? Yes, they do./No, they dont. Does he have a tennis racket? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. Does she have a soccer ball? Yes, she does./No, she doesnt. Does he have a ping-pang ball? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. Lets play soccer. Let me help you. I dont have a soccer ball. That sounds good.语法：1,句中不含be(am,is,are)动词的 一般疑问句的变法。 也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词时，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加do/does（当主语是第三人称单数的时候用does）,第一人称变第二人称，动词变原形其他的语序不变。I have a computer. Do you have a computer? She likes playing ping-pang.- Does she like playing ping-pang.肯定回答用yes, 主语+do/does.否定回答用No,主语+dont/doesnt. 2一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加s, know-knows, 以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es, teach-teaches, go-goes, 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i, 再加es study-studies 3,do/does 叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词)时，后面接动词原形， Does he like reading? She doesnt like reading. She doesnt do her homework. 但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词)呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。 She does her homework. 4，have的第三人称单数为 has. 5, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 （sb代表人，如果是代词用宾格，do代表动词原形） 6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩.” play football play+the+乐器 表示“弹奏乐器” play the piano语法综合：1用have对物品的所属进行提问以及应答，使用do和does引导的一般疑问句。（见重点句子）2用祈使句型Lets提建议，谈论自己喜欢哪些球类运动，不喜欢哪些球类运动。（见重点句子）3学会名词复数的使用。（见重点句子）4运用所学的知识谈论自己或他人的拥有，进行适当的阅读和写作练习。（见重点句子）Unit 6.句型1. Do you like bananas / hamburgers / salad?你喜欢香蕉 / 汉堡包 / 沙拉吗？(用可数名词复数表种类)Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。2. like doing sth. = like to do sth. 喜欢做某事. 如：She likes helping / to help students. 她喜欢帮学生。3. I like/have hamburgers for breakfast/ lunch / dinner/ supper. 早餐/中餐/晚餐我喜欢/吃汉堡。短语1. French fries 薯条2. ice cream 冰淇淋3. running star 赛跑明星4. lots of = a lot of + n(pl)/ n(u) 大量；许多5. French chicken leg 炸鸡腿6. ice stick 冰棒7. have+三餐/breakfast/lunch/dinner/supper 吃餐8. movie (film) star 电影明星9. music star 歌星10. healthy food 健康食物11. eat food 吃食物 13. have a look (at sth.)看一看(某物)14. at school/ at home在学校/在家里 16. some runners 一些运动员17. go out on a picnic 去野餐19. for breakfast / lunch / dinner / dessert 对早餐/午餐/晚餐/甜食来说 句型：Do you like salad? Yes, I do./No, I dont. Does he like pears? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. I like oranges. I dont like oranges. Running star eats lots of healthy food.语法:：一般现在时一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作、现在的特征或状态以及普遍真理。例如：When I come across a new word I consult the English dictionary. 每当我遇到一个新词时，我就查字典。Tom lives in England. 汤姆住在英国。He likes to read. 他喜欢看书。Light travels faster than sound. 光速比音速快。一般现在时的否定式和疑问式都需要用助动词do和does。do用在第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数和其他的复数名词前，does用在第三人称单数前，无实在意义。如：Does Tom live in England? 汤姆住在英国吗?Yes, he does.是的。Do they like to go hiking? 他们喜欢远足吗?No, they dont. 不，他们不喜欢。2 单词 like(1)介词 be/look like 像，看起来像She is/looks like her mother.(2)动词 like sth/like to do sth/ like doing sthI like apples. She doesnt like to be late. He likes playing soccer.特别注意：1.在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，其肯定句的谓语由动词原形+s（es）构成。否定句的谓语由doesnt+动词原形构成。一般疑问句句首用Does，句中的谓语用动词原形充当。当主语是第一、二人称单复数和第三人称复数时，肯定句的谓语由动词原形充当。否定句的谓语由dont+动词原形构成。一般疑问句句首用Do，句中的谓语用动词原形。2.主语第三人称单数：he，she，it，my father，your sister，Tom 等等。Unit 7.句型1. How much are these pants? =Whats the price of these pants? 这条裤子多少钱？Theyre twenty dollars. 这条裤子20美元。How much is this sweater? =Whats the price of this sweater? 这件毛衣多少钱？ Its 60 yuan. 它60元。2. How much加不可数名词，how many 加可数名词复数。如：how much food, how many students3. Can I help you? 我能帮你吗？= What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么？4. Yes, please. 是的，请吧。 No, thanks. 不了，谢谢。5. I want a sweater. 我想要件毛衣。6. What color do you want? 你想要什么颜色？7. Here you are. =Here it is给你（这件毛衣 / 钱等）。8. How much is it? / How much are they? 多少钱？9. Ill take it. = Ill get it. = Ill have it. 我买下它了。10. Thank you. / Thanks a lot. 多谢。 Youre welcome. =Thats all right.别客气。11. Come and buy = Come to buy . Go and see = Go to see12. Anybody can afford our prices. 任何人都能承担得起我们的价钱。短语1. how much + (U) 多少/多少钱2. how many + (C)复数 多少3.Here you are. 给你4 .bag for sports 运动包 5 .come down to 到达6 .Im sorry. 对不起7 .Can I help you?=What can I do for you? 需要我帮忙吗?8 .want sth. /to do sth 想要sth /想要做某事9 .what color 什么颜色11 .want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事12 .Thats OK.= Its my pleasure.(5种) 不用谢13 .Thats not all. 不只这些14 .black and white 黑白相嵌15. on sale 在出售16 at the price of 以的价格17 .at a very good price 一个好价钱/价格合理 Whats the price of sth ?=How much is/are 多少钱 18 that time of year 一年中的那个时候19 in all colors 各色20 in+颜色 着/穿 色21 see for yourself 亲眼看22clothes store/shop= clothing store/ shop 服装店23ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事24I dont think so. 我不这么认为13. have a look (at) =look (at ) “看一看()”14.for girls / boys / sports. 对女孩 / 男孩 / 运动来说 15.sell to 把卖给 16.buy from 从 买 句型：How much is the red sweater? Its eight dollars. Whats the price of the red sweater? Its eight dollars. How much are these black pants? Theyre ten dollars. Whats the price of these black pants? Theyre ten dollars. Can I help you?=What can I do for you? Yes, please. I want a sweater. What color do you want? Blue. Here you are. How much is it? Nine dollars. Ill take it. Anyone can afford our prices. Come and see for yourself at Huaxing Clothes Store. We have sweaters at a very good price. You can buy socks for only $1 each. The girl in red is my friend. The green shorts are on sale for $25.结构： 询问价格 How much + is/are + 物品名称？ Whats the price of+ 物品名称？ 多少钱？ 回答：Its/Theyre + 价格购物用语：1. -Can I help you? / What can I do for you? -Yes, please. / No, thanks.2 Thats too expensive! 3 Thats fine, Ill take it.4. Thank you. 5 Youre welcome. =Thats all right.注意：clothes , pants. shorts, socks shoes 一般情况下用复数形式. 例如:How much are the pants? How much are the shoes?How much are the shorts? How much are the socks?some colors（颜色）: red green black white blue yellow pink purple gray orangebigsmall (大,小) short long ( 短,长) tallshort (高,矮)基数词 from thirteen to nineteen thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen. 二十(twenty ) 三十( thirty)Unit 8.句型1.When is your / her / his birthday? 你的/她的/他的生日是什么时候？ My / Her / His birthday is May 14th. （此处无on）我的 / 她的 / 他的生日是5月14日。2. How old are you? = Whats your age? 你多大了? Im 8. / Im 8 years old. 我8岁了。3.Monday is the second day of the week. 周一是一星期中的第二天。（序数词前常有the）Its my eighth birthday. (序数词eighth前已有限定词my, 故不再加the.)短语1.how old 几岁2 .school trip 郊游3 .basketball/ volleyball game 篮球赛/排球赛4 .help sb with sth 帮助某人某事5 .school day 学校上课日6 .be born in/on 出生于7 .day of birth=birthday 出生日期8 .Art Festival 艺术节9 .Music Festival 音乐节10 .pop contest流行音乐会11 . English speech contest 英语演讲比赛12. soccer ball game 足球赛13 .birthday party 生日会14.each year =every year 每年15 a piece of paper 一张纸句型：When is your birthday?