七年级下册英语语法总结_整理第9和10单元.doc

七年级下册英语词组、语法重点总结期末复习Unit 1 Wheres your pen pal from一短语： 1. be/come from:来自 2. live in Paris:住在巴黎 3. write to me soon:快点给我写信 4. play sports:运动、锻炼 5. speak a little French:讲一点法语 6. like going to the movies with my friends： 喜欢和我的朋友去看电影 7. tell sb about.告诉某人关于 8. an interesting country: 一个有趣的国家 9. in November： 在十一月 10. speak a little French： 说一点法语 11. like playing sports：喜欢做运动 12. her favorite language：她最喜欢的语言 13. write to Tom：写信给汤姆 14. Jolies pen pal：朱利的笔友 15. likes and dislikes:好恶、爱憎 二重点句式： 1. Wheres your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from2. Where does he live 3. What language(s) does he speak 4. I want a pen pal in China. 5. I can speak English and a little French. 6. Please write and tell me about yourself. 7. Can you write to me soon 8. I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 三本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。 1. Canada-Canadian-English/French2. France-French-French 3. Japan-Japanese-Japanese 4. Australia-Australian-English 5. the United States- American-English 6. the United Kingdom-British-EnghishUnit 2 Wheres the post office词组 1. 打扰了 Excuse me 2. 散步 take a walk 3. 玩得开心 have fun 4. 向左/右转 turn left/right 5. 一个干净又宁静的超市: clean and quiet supermarket6. 一直走 go straight 7. 穿过公园 go through the park 8. 在右边 on the right 9. 欢迎来中国 Welcome to China 10. 参观格林大道 visit Green Street 11. 世界之旅的开始 the beginning of the world tour 12. 买一些食品 buy some food 13. 饭店隔壁 next to the restaurant 14. 乘出租车 take/have a taxi / by taxi 15. 沿着长街走 go down /along/up Long Street 16. 穿过第六大道 go through Sixth Street 17. 在新公园右转 turn right at New Park 18. 在大桥街 on Bridge Street 19. 旅途愉快 have a good trip 20. 去学校的路 the way to school 21. 邮局:post office 22. 公用电话:pay phone 23. 第五大街 Five Avenue 24. 中心街道 on Center Street 25. 靠近 next to 26. 在对面 be across from 27. 在和之间 between. and. 28. 在一个安静/繁忙的街道上 on a quiet/busy street 29. 在附近 near here=in the neighborhood 30. 在你家附近 near your home 31. 在你的右边 on your right 32. 欢迎到来 welcome to. 33. 花园区 the Garden District 34. 花园游览 the garden tour 35. 步行穿过take a walk through 36. 经过pass. 37. 有花园的房子 a house with a garden 38. .的开头 the beginning of. 39. 一个玩得高兴的好地方 a good palce to have fun 40. 在超市买些食 buy some food in the supermarket 41. 去我家的路 the way to my home 42. 一个干净的公园 a clean park 43. 一条安静的街道 a quiet street 44. 一家旧旅馆 an old hotel 45. 一个繁华的超市 a busy supermarket 46. 三个很脏的房间 three very dirty rooms 一 Asking ways: (问路) 1 Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的）在哪里？ 2 Can you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？3 How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达呢？ 4 Is there near here / in the neighborhood 附近有吗？ 5 Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？ 二Showing the ways: （指路） 1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。 2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。 3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。 4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。 5. Youd better take a bus. （Youd better+动词原形）你最好坐公交车去。 三词组 1. across from 在的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面 2. next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市 3. betweenand 在和之间 between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间 among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间 4. in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树。 in the front of 在（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子。 5. behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面 6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐 on the left/right of 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边 on ones left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边 7. go straight 一直走 8. down /along 沿着（街道） down/along Center Street 沿着中央街 9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近 10 welcome to 欢迎来到 11. take /have a walk 散步 12. the beginning of 的开始，前端 at the beginning of 在的开始,前端 in the beginning 起初，一开始 13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快 我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday. 14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 15. take a taxi 坐出租车 16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家 arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank. reach +地方 17go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路 go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林18on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street 三重难点解析 1enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事 I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。 到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词 finish 和 enjoy，都是要带 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。 2hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。 hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。 （从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如 tomorrow will be fine 是一个从句，它又放在 I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。） 3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。 If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。 四本单元的反义词（antonym）、近义词（synonym）配对 1. new-old 2. quiet- busy 3. dirty-clean 4. big-smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala一重点词组 1. let sb do sth. 让某人做某事: Let him go .让他走吧。 2. kind of=a bit =a little 稍微、有点 有点有趣：kind of interesting 有点懒：kind of lazy 3. 来自南非：be from South Africa 4. 对某人友好：be friendly to sb 5. 和某人友好相处：be friendly with sb 6. 喜欢做某事（习惯性的）：like doing sth 7. 喜欢做某事（偶尔一次的、未发生的） like to do sth 8. 保持安静：be/keep quiet 9. 在白天：during/in the day 10. 在晚上：at night=in the night 11. 每天：every day 12. 每天的、日常的：everyday 13. 和朋友一起玩：play with ones friends 14. 在白天睡觉：sleep during the day 15. 他 12 岁：He is twelve years old. 16. 起床：get up 19. 吃叶子：eat leaves 二. 交际用语 1. Why do you like pandas? Because theyre very clever. 2. Why does he like koalas? Because theyre kind of interesting. 3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too. Why? Because theyre friendly and clever. 5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass. 6. Shes very shy. 7. He is from Australia. 8. He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 9. He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 10Lets see the pandas first. 11Theyre kind of interesting. 12What other animals do you like?13Why do you want to see the lions? 三. 重点难点释义 1. kind of 有点，稍微 Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。 kind 还有“种类”的意思 如：各种各样的 all kinds of : We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school. 2. China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲 China 和 Africa 都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词 in 连用。 There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa. 3. friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的。它是名词 friend 的形容词形式，常常和 be 动词连用, be friendly。 The people in Chengdu are very friendly. 4. with prep. 跟，同，和在一起 I usually play chess with my father. 注意区别与 and 的用法，and 通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时， 如果有 I, I 通常放在 and 之后，如： My father and I usually play chess together. Play with “和一起玩耍”“玩” I often play with my pet dog. Dont play with water! 5. day 和 night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night 表示夜或夜晚。 通常说 in the day, during the day, at night。 Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night. 6. leaf n. 叶子 复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wifewives, wolfwolves, knifeknives 等。 7. hour n. 小时；点钟 hour 前边通常加上冠词 an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。 There are 24 hours in a day and 60 minutes in an hour. 8. be from 来自 be from = come from Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China. 9. meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用 much 来修 饰，即：much meat: He eats much meat every day. 10. grass n. 草， 为不可数名词，表示“许多”时， 使用 much 来修饰， much grass。 即： There is much grass on the playground. 四. 语法知识 特殊疑问句通常以“what”、 “who”、 “which”、 “when”、 “where”、 “how”、 “how old”、 “how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。 特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况： 1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：Whats your grandfathers telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？ Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？ Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？ When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？ Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？ How are you? 你好吗？ How old are you? 你多大了？ How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？ 2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日？ Which man is your teacher? 哪位男士是你的老师？ 我们学过的 What/How about+名词/代词+其他+？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。 例如： I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？ What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？ Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一短语： 1. 他是干什么的？ What does he do=whats he=Whats his job? 2. 和某人一起工作：work with sb 3. 在工作：work at/in. 4. 为工作：work for. 5. 给某人某物：give sth to sb=give sb sth 6. 从得到：get sth from . 7. 穿着白色的制服：wear a white uniform（状态） 8. 穿上你的衣服：put on your coat（动作） 9. 有点危险：kind of dangerous 10. 两个小偷：two thieves 11. 和某人交谈：talk to/with sb12. 谈论：talk about sb/sth 13. 问某人问题：ask sb questions14. 工作得晚：work late 15. 做某事迟到：be late for sth. 16. 出去就餐：go out to dinners 17. 忙碌：be busy 18. 忙于做 be busy with sth=be busy doing sth 19. 对感兴趣：be/become interested in. 20. 一个有趣的工作：an interesting job 21. 努力工作：work hard 22. 艰苦的工作：hard work 23. 一项适合你的工作：a job for you 24. 给你提供一个工作：have a job for you 25. 和演员一起工作：work with actors 26. 打电话给晚报：call the Evening Newspaper 27. 在医院：in/at a hospital 28. 很多，许多：a lot of=lots of 29. 想要做：want to do. 30. 招聘广告：want ads 31. 其他年轻人：other young people 32. 参加校园剧的演出：be in the school play 33. 需要一名医生：need a doctor 34. 售货员，店员： sales assistant 35. 警官：police officer 36. 银行职员：bank clerk 37. 害怕，恐怕： be afraid of 38. 电视台：TV station 39. 警察局：police station 40. 流行歌手：pop singer 41. 重要人物；Very Important Person 42. 出去：go out 43. 校园剧：school play 44. 尽可能快地：as soon as possible 45. 晚报：evening newspaper 46. 数钱：count money 47. 有点儿危险：kind of dangerous 48. 写故事：write stories 49. 运动教练：a sports coach 50. 图书管理员：a library assistant 51. 在将来：in the future 二重点句式及注意事项： 1. 询问职业的特殊疑问词是 what；有三种主要句式： What + is / are + sb What + does/ do + sb + do What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job 2. People give me their money or get their money from me. 3. Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night. 4. I like talking to people. 5. I work late. Im very busy when people go out to dinners. 6. Where does your sister work?7. Then we have a job for you as a waiter. 8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter. 9. Do you like to work evenings and weekends?10. We are an international school for children of 5-12. 三 本单元中的名词复数。 1. policeman-policemen 2. woman doctor-women doctors 3. thief-thieves Unit 5 Im watching TV一现在进行时 1. 现在进行时的用法 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作 .现在进行时时间状语及标志性词 now 现在 at this time 在这时 at the moment 现在 look 看（后面有明显的“！”） listen 听（后面有明显的“！”） . 现在分词的构成： 一般在动词结尾处加 ing Eg: gogoing look-looking 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，去e 加 ing。 Eg: write-writing close-closing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加 ing. Eg: getgetting; runrunning ( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin) 现在进行时的构成 肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状. Eg: He is doing his homework now. 否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状. Eg: He is not doing his homework now.一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状？Eg: Is he doing his homework now? 肯定回答：Yes,主语 +am/is/are Eg Yes, he is. 否定回答：No, 主语+am not/isnt/arent Eg: No, he isnt. 二短语： 1do ones homework 做某人的作业 do housework 做家务 2talk on the phone 在电话里交谈，讲电话 talk about 谈论talk to(with)sb 和某人交谈 3write a letter 写信 write a letter to sb 给某人写信 4play with 和一起玩 5watch TV 看电视 TV show 电视节目 6wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物 7some of 中的一些 8in the first photo 在第一张照片里（介词用 in,序数词前面有 the） in the last photo 在最后一张照片里 a photo of ones family 某人的家庭照片 9at the mall 在购物街 at/in the library 在图书室 at/in the pool 在游泳池10read a book = read books = do some reading 看书阅读 11thanks for = thank you for 三 重点句式及注意事项： 1. 他正在干什么？ What is he doing 他正在吃饭。 He is eating dinner. 他正在哪里吃饭？ Where is he eating dinner? 他正在家里吃饭。 He is eating dinner at home. 2你想什么时候去？ When do you want to go? 让我们六点钟去吧。 Lets go at six oclock. 3他正在等什么？ What is he waiting for 他正在等公交车。 He is waiting for a bus. 4他们正在和谁说话？ Who are they talking with? 他们正在和 Miss Wu 说话。 They are talking with Miss Wu. 5你们正在谈论什么？ What are you talking about? 我们正在谈论天气。 We are talking about the weather. 6他们都正在去上学。 They are all going to school. 7这儿是一些我的照片。 Here are some of my photos. “肉”不可数。这儿是一些肉。 Here is some of meat. 用 is 8 谢谢你帮我买这本书。 Thank you for helping me buy this book. 9. family 家；家庭。强调“整体”，是单数；强调“成员”时，是复数。His family has a shower. 他们家有一个淋浴。 His family are watching TV. 他全家在看电视。Unit 6 Its raining!一短语： 1. take photos/ pictures 照像 给某人或某物照相2. take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth3. have a good timehave funhave a great tame 玩得愉快 4. work for sb / sth 为某人工作 Eg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTVs Around The World show 5. on vacation 度假 Eg: There are many people here on vacation. 6. someothers 一些另外一些 onethe others一个另一个（两者之间） Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing, others are reading. 7 put on 穿上（动作） wear 穿着（状态）Eg: Tom is putting on his coat now. 8 on the beach 在沙滩上Eg: Tom and his family are playing on the beach at this moment. 9 this group of people 10. in this heat 二重点句型 1How is the weather 天气怎么样？ 2What are you doing 你正在做什么？ 电视。 3What are they doing 他们在做什么？ 们在学习。 4What is he doing 他在做什么？ 他在打篮球。 5What is she doing 她在做什么？ She is cooking . 她在做饭。 He is playing basketball . They are studying. 他 In the raining. 在下雨。 Im watching TV. 我在看 这一群人三重难点解析 1 询问天气情况的句式：(横线内容可替换) How is the weather in Beijing (How is the weather today) Whats the weather like in Beijing ( Whats the weather like today) 2 回答上面问题的句式： Its + adj. (形容词) Eg: Its windy. 3 Hows it going (with you) Not bad. Great! Terrible! Pretty good. 4 5 6 7 Thank you for joining CCTVs Around The Word show. I am surprised they can play in this heat. Everyone is having a good time. People are wearing hats and scarfs. wear 指穿衣服的状态。 put on 指穿衣服的动作。 四谈论天气的日常用语 1. Its sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。 2. Lovely weather,isnt it 天气真好，是吗？ 3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。 4. Its raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。 5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。 6. Its blowing hard. 风刮得很大。 7. Its snowing heavily. 正在下大雪。8. The snow wont last long. 雪不会持续太久。 9. Its very foggy. 雾很大。 10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。 11. Its thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。 12. Whats the weather like today 今天天气怎么样？ 13. Whats the weather report for tomorrow 天气预报明天怎么 样？ 14. Its quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预 报相差很大。 15. Its rather changeable. 天气变化无常。 16. Whats the temperature 温度是多少？ 17. Its two below zero. 零下二度。 18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今天温度低多了。Unit7 What does he look like 一短语 1 look like 看起来像. 2 curly /short/straight/long hair 卷短直发 3 medium height/build 中等高度身体 4 a little bit 一点儿 5 a pop singer 一位流行歌手 6 have a new look 呈现新面貌 7 go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物 8 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长9 be popular with sb 为-所喜爱 10 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 11 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 12 tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话/ 讲故事 13 have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事 14 remember ( forget) to do sth 记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的） 15 remember (forget) doing sth 记得（忘记）做过某事（已做） 16 one of - -中的一个 二本单元的重点句： 1 Is that your friend No, it isnt. 2 What does she look like 3 I think I know her. ( I dont think I know her.) 4 Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team. 5 Shes a little bit quiet. 6 Xu Qian loves to tell jokes. 7 She never stops talking. 8 She likes reading and playing chess. 9 I dont think hes so great. 10 I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 11 Now he has a new look. 三重难点解析 1 What does/ do +主语 + look like 询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什 么样？ Eg: What does your friend look like 2 形容头发时， 可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。 Eg: She has long curly black hair. 3 one of + 名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。 Eg: One of his friends is a worker. 4 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在 它的后面 Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 5He is (通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)He has（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官） He wears（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、 胡须） 6I dont think的用法表达否定的看法 good-looking. I dont think she isUnit 8 Id like some noodles 一 短语 1 beef and tomato noodlesnoodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西红柿面 chicken and cabbage noodles mutton and potato noodles tomato and egg noodles beef and carrot noodles 2would like to do sth want to do sth 想要作某事 3what kind of noodles 什么种类的面条 4what size bowl of noodles 什么大小碗型的面 5a largemediumsmall bowl of noodles 大中小碗的面 6ice cream 冰淇淋 orange juice 桔汁 green tea 绿茶 RMB 人民币 phone number 7 House of Dumplingsnoodles 饺子面馆 屋 二重点句型 1 What kind of vegetablesmeat drink food would you like Id like Id like chicken and cabbage noodles. 2. What kind of noodles would you like Id like beef noodles. 3. What kind of noodles would you like Id like chicken and cabbage noodles. 4. What size bowl plate of noodles would you like Dessert House 甜点Id like a large medium small bowl moodes. 5. What size cake would you like I would like asmall birthday-cake. 三重难点解析 1 would like 想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于 want. would like an apple (want an apple)would like + 名词would like to do sth He would like to play soccer. -Would you like to see the dolphins -Yes, Id like to. （1）would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为d, 与 其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。 （你能举出例子吗？） 我想要些牛肉。 Id like some beef. 她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. （你能变否定 句和疑问句吗？） （2) Would you like sth. 是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用 some 而不用 any. 肯定回答是： Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK. 其否定回答是：No, thanks. 2 What kind of noodles would you like kind 在此句中作“种类”讲，a kind of 一种，all kinds of 各种各样的。 kind of 有几分 A cat is a kind of animal. There are all kinds of animals in the zoo