综合英语教程四Unit9ChineseFood.ppt

“when it rains, it pours“,When it rains, it pours describes how after there has been no rain for a long time, it suddenly rains a lot all at once. Example: “It hadnt rained for over two months. Now it has started raining and it has been raining for a week straight.“ Reply: “When it rains, it pours.“ that once something happens after a long pause, it happens in large amounts. Example: “It looks like everyone in our department is sick again, and all at the same time.“ Reply: “When it rains, it pours.“ Example: “Sometimes we have no customers for two or three hours, then suddenly we get 20 people all at once.“ Reply: “It never rains, but it pours “= When it rains, it pours.,Unit Nine,Chinese FOOD,Lesson Outline,1. Cultural background information 2. Brainstorming 3. Chinese Cuisine 4. Text explanation 5. Exercises,cutural background,Formal meals may take hours in some cultures or households, while in others people may eat hastily while traveling to their next destination on foot or by car.,Food is a basic necessity, so every culture has important norms and customs related to it. Most cultures have food preferences and food taboos, (e.g. Hindus dont eat beef, Muslims dont eat pork,),The biggest recent change in eating habits and food-related lifestyles is the advent of fast food. This permits many people to eat away from home, or to bring food home to eat without having no prepare it. The famous fast foods are, for example, McDonalds hamburgers and KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken).,Food Symbolism,In China, foods are given particular meanings, so that in certain occasion a type of food, can only be eaten by some specific individuals, or must be eaten in specific occasion. Usually, an honored guest will be served a snappers head or shell to hail him and show warmly welcome in some districts.,Fish is always served to symbolize accumulations of prosperity and wealth with the New Years Eve meals.,There are other foods and snacks, which symbolize good wishes under special circumstances. These include duck, chicken and melon seeds.,Long noodle is the symbol of longevity in China, so that youngsters or seniors all will have a bowl of Long Life Noodle in the expectation of a healthy life.,In Central China, if a baby is born, his father will send Red Boiled Eggs to announce the news. An even number, usually six or eight Red Boiled Eggs with a black point dotted on one end will be delivered for a boy and an odd number, usually five or seven without black point for a girl.,What did people say about,food,One should eat to live,not live to eat. Molire (1622 - 1673) French playwright,Tell me what you eat and I will tell you what you are. Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (1755 - 1826) French politician, and writer.,We are what we eat. 吃什么东西，就长什么样子。,Well fed, well bred. 衣食足，而后知礼节。,He that eats least eat most. 食量少，能长寿。,Food idioms and vocabulary,Your eyes are bigger than your stomach. - You want to eat a lot, but you just can not. I am so hungry I could eat a horse. -I can eat a lot. Its as easy as pie. -its a piece of cake. Greasy spoon -small restaurant that serves good but cheap food Ma and Pop restaurant -family restaurant Take out -take the food away to eat elsewhere Organic - naturally-grown food, without any pesticide,etc. Vegetarian -people who dont eat any kind of meat Vegan -people who dont use anything from animals, e.g. they wont eat milk, eggs, meat, and wont wear fur coats and leather shoes,Brainstorming,Directions: work with your partner to think of as many words /phrases/expressions as possible regarding the following topics.,1.verbs for ways of cooking: steam, boil, fry, roast, stew, bake, braise,蒸，煮，炸, 煎，烹， 烤，焖,2. expressions for types of food: hot pot, jiaozi/dumplings, rice, noodle, Chinese sandwich, staining tofu, rice with fried vegetables,火锅，饺子，米线，肉夹馍，臭豆腐，米饭菜， what are the English versions for these food you eat everyday?,Direction: work in groups to compete the following four category.the group that has the longest list can get the cake on the right.,vegetables,fruits,beverages,meat,Bean sprout Celery Eggplant, Green pepper Lettuce Spinach Cauliflower Mushroom Onion,Cherry Grape Kiwi Pineapple Coconut Mango Peach Lemon Plum Litchi,Coca-cola Pepsi Orange juice Lemonade Soft drinks Spirits Mineral water Milk shake,Pork Beef Lamb Chicken Mutton Sausage Turkey Steak Bacon ham,Chinese Food Quotations and Proverbs,“Talk doesnt cook rice.“ (Chinese Proverb) “Governing a great nation is like cooking a small fish - too much handling will spoil it.“ (Lao-tzu, Chinese philosopher) “To the ruler, the people are heaven; to the people, food is heaven.“ (ancient Chinese proverb),An old saying indicates how highly the cuisine of the Guangzhou (Canton) area is regarded,“To be born in Suzhou To live in Hangzhou To eat in Guangzhou And to die Liuzhou”,Cantonese woman believe that “to win a mans heart, she must first learn how to cook a good pot of soup ” “Fashion is in Europe, living is in America, but eating is in China”,Famous saying by famous people,“My momma always said, life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what youre going to get.“ (Forrest Gump) One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well. (Virginia Woolf) Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time , and sometimes you weep. (Car Sandburg),Chinese Food,Do you know how many kinds of famous cuisine in China?,Which do you prefer? Why?,Question:,NO:1 八大菜系之鲁菜,NO:2 八大菜系之粤菜,NO:3 八大菜系之川菜,NO:4 八大菜系之湘菜,NO:5 八大菜系之闽菜,NO:6 八大菜系之浙菜,NO:7 八大菜系之苏菜,NO:8 八大菜系之徽菜,Chinese food recipes:,Chinese Beef and Lamb Recipes: Chinese Egg Recipes: Chinese Fish Recipes: Chinese Noodle Recipes: Chinese Pork Recipes: Chinese Poultry Recipes: Chinese Rice Recipes: Chinese Seafood Recipes: Chinese Tofu Recipes: Chinese Vegetables Recipes:,Chinese Cooking Methods:,Roasting: Boiling: Shallow frying: Stewing Red-cooking Stir Frying Deep frying,Salting Pickling Steeping Drying Splashing Rinsing smoking,Expressions of being healthy:,stay in good shape, have a clean bill of health, a sound mind in a sound body, keep fit and be healthy, physically fit, rosy-cheeked,Expressions of being ill:,be ill feeble, frail, feeling out of sorts, break out with, on ones back (卧床不起); have/ run a temperature; have a fever,Expressions of treatment:,take medicine; have an operation; therapeutic healing; injection; medical check-up, medical test; antibiotic treatment; painkiller,Expressions of keeping fit:,do aerobics; stay positive; do yoga; practise martial arts; do soft boxing, practise Qi-gong,Topic for discussion:,Do you prefer Chinese food or Western food? What is your favorite food? Whats the name of the dish? Do you think that different food can reflect different cultures? Why?,Diagram of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs,Maslows hierarchy of needs is often depicted as a pyramid consisting of five levels: the four lower levels are grouped together as deficit needs; the top level is referred to as being needs. While deficit needs can be met, being needs are a continuing driving force. The basic idea of this hierarchy is, that higher needs come into focus only after all needs lower in the pyramid are met. Growth forces result in upward movement on the hierarchy, whereas regressive forces push proponent needs down in the hierarchy.,The implications of the theory are:,Students who are very hungry or in physical danger will have little psychological energy to put into learning. Therefore food is the primary source of all happiness, a conclusion consistent to Confucian theory. Students who do not feel that they are loved and that they are capable are unlikely to have a strong motivation to achieve the higher-level growth objectives. Students who are at ease and feel accepted and respected as individuals are more likely to become eager to learn for the sake of learning and willing to risk being creative and open to new ideas.,Questions:,What did you have for dinner last night? Please make a list of three Chinese dishes and one Western dish. 3. Do you agree that cuisine represents the cultural characteristics of a people? Why or why not?,Some differences between Chinese and Western cuisine: Food is an essential part of Chinese Etiquette, which is regarded as the center of Chinese culture. In many Western countries, food just is considered as a source of the nutrition or energy for survival. Chinese cuisine and table manners represent their collectivism while Western table manners reflect their individualism. Chinese generally share one dish and Americans would have individual portions. Some key words: delicious taste and smell; colorful shape/appearance, motley combination of colors, assortment of ingredients; aroma, smell, fragrance; reminiscent of home/family atmosphere, be entertained/ treated/ regaled with,Some English expressions for common Chinese dishes:,北京烤鸭 roast Beijing duck 宫保鸡丁 spicy diced chicken with peanuts 古老肉 sweet and sour pork 荷叶蒸肉 steamed pork wrapped in lotus leaf 家常豆腐 home style bean curd 麻婆豆腐 Mabo tofu (Bean curd with mince and chili oil, Ma Pos bean curd） 糖醋里脊 sweet and sour fillet 糖醋鲤鱼 fried carp with sweet and sour sauce 糖醋排骨 sweet and sour spareribs,鱼香肉丝 shredded pork with garlic sauce 走油扣肉 steamed fried pork 叫花鸡beggars chicken 龙井虾仁 shrimp with Longjin tea leaves 宋嫂鱼羹 sister songs fish soup 馄饨 won ton 水饺 dumpling 馒头 steamed bun 包子 stuffed bun 月饼 moon cake,Some common western food:,sandwich mashed potato salad hamburger French fries spaghetti意大利式细面条 macaroni 通心面,pizza steak pudding apple pie omelet煎蛋卷 Russian soup (borsch) Broth (肉汤) bacon bread,Activity,It is reported that the following four factors influence ones health, namely, environment, habit, medical care, genetics. Directions: You are expected to argue that one of them is the most important factor. Draft your reasons and be ready to debate. Group A: environment Group B: habit Group C: medical care Group D: genetics,Comprehension work,Do you believe that food will determine ones physical strength and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being? Do you agree that food to us Chinese means first happiness but not so to Westerners?,1. Few things in life are as positive as food, or are taken as intimately and completely by the individual. (Line 1, preface,p161) Translation: 生活中很少有什么东西像食物一样真切实在,或者说那么彻底地为个人接纳吸收.,2. One may attend to matters of business, A. join B. give ones care or attention to C. go to D. be present at See more “attend”,attend (to): 1)give care or thought to 注意，用心，照顾 Eg. attend to ones work; attend to what sb is saying Are you being attended to?= (Is anyone serving you?) You are not attending.= (You are not listening.) 2) attend on /upon: serve, look after,伺候，看护，照料 Eg. He had the honor of attending on the Prince.,3) go to; 参加 attend school ; attend church 4）be present at; 到场 5) accompany（正式）伴随 Eg. A method that is attended by some risk. Our plan were attended with great difficulties. attendance n. In Now that the patient is out of danger, the doctor is no longer in attendance. C,U time of being present, at school (opposite: absence) Lets practise!,Exercises for Practice (p.166 Ex.C) He liked as if he was attending to his work, but actually he was thinking about the football match he watched the night before. She was apparently attending closely to her schoolwork, yet her thoughts were altogether elsewhere. c. You never seem to attend to what I say, so theres no point in your coming to my classes.,In the matter of: adv 就.而论,【set phrase】 a matter of 大约, 大概.的问题 a matter of course 当然的事 a matter of opinion 看法不同的问题 as a matter of convenience 为方便起见 as a matter of course 自然, 不用说, 照例 as a matter of fact 实际上, 不瞒你说, 确实, 事实是 as a matter of record 根据所报数据 as a matter of routine 作为例行公事; 按常规 as matters stand as the matter stands 照目前的情况 carry matters with a high hand 采取高压手段; 专横跋扈 a matter of life and death 生死攸关,in matter of 与.有关 in the matter of 至于; 关于, 在.方面 it is no matter that .是无关紧要的 let the matter drop go, rest听任事情自然发展 make a matter 大惊小怪, 引起一场风波 make matters it worse更坏的是, 更糟的是 make sth. a matter of conscience凭良心做某事 matter at issue争论点; 正在讨论的问题 no laughing matter不是闹着玩的事 no matter how what, when, where, who 不管怎样什么, 何时, 哪里, 谁.,Question,What is Kenneth Los view of food and eating?,deriving from thousands of years of tradition A. origin from B. change from C. take place with regard to the primal importance of food A. as to B. regarding, concerning C. as for Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life. A. craze B. horror C. happiness,Question,What authority is cited to support Los view? How does Los view contrast with the approach common among the Westerners?,Proceed: vi. 开始进行(to), 继续进行(with), 出(原)自(from),proceed from the out side to the inside由表及里 proceed to Beijing 去北京 proceed to the next business着手另一工作 proceed to the degree of M.A.得文学硕士学位 The talks proceeded in a friendly atmosphere. 会谈是在友好的气氛中进行的 。 See more phrases,【set phrase】 proceed against【律】对(某人)依法起诉; 向法庭控告(某人、某企业等) proceed from出于, 来自, 发生于 proceed on upon按照.行事, 遵照.进行 proceed to向.进发; 进入(下一个议程项目); 改读获取学位 proceed with 继续进行 There are more!,【SET PHRASE】 export proceeds出口收入, 出口货款 life insurance proceeds人寿保险收入 loan proceeds 借入资 金 net proceeds 纯收入, 净收益 sales proceeds 销货进款 tax proceeds 捐税收入, 税收 veterans insurance proceeds退伍军人保险收入 proceeds in cash货币收入 proceeds of sale 销售收入,Question,What difference is there between typical Westerners and Chinese in their behavior in a restaurant?,All these have become much more part and parcel of the average persons life than they have ever been. A.packages and parcels B. articles C. small things D. essential part,Question,How has Chinese food developed in the world at large? How has it come about?,It is that is (1) at the root of sudden and (2) phenomenal spread of Chinese food throughout (3) the length and breadth of the Western World. (1) at the root (of): 实质上；根本上 blush to the roots of ones hair 脸红到发根 get at (to) the root of sth. 追究根源 grass roots 基层单位 (群众) pull ones roots 改行,转行 root and branch 全部地 to the root 完全的,彻底的 the root of all evil 祸根,正是西方这种与日俱增的感官享受主义以及摆脱根深蒂固的生活习惯束缚的愿望,再加上中国饮食所固有的感知观念,很容易满足人的味觉,才可使得中国饮食能够快速遍布西方世界各个角落.,(2) phenomenal: very unusual; extraordinary strength memory known through sense a experience,(3) (over/through) the length and breadth (of),at arms length 保持一定的距离;疏远 at great length 详细地 ,充分地 at length详细地 draw out to a great length 持续很久 go to any/ all / great lengths 不顾一切 length of days 长寿,长命,Question,What is a “proper Chinese meal” like? And how does it reflect the basic cultural characteristics of the Chinese?,conform to:,vi. 遵守， 符合（to， with） conform to the customs of society 遵守社会习俗 conform with the regulations 遵守规章,Discussion,Do you agree that Chinese cuisine is a product of the traditional Chinese philosophy of Taoism or is it just a time-honored dietary habit of an agricultural society?,Activity: Role Play,Role A: You think that Chinese cuisine is the product of the traditional Chinese philosophy. Try to convince your partner. Use the following points for help. Add your own opinions and evidence. Taoism: Emphasizing human life in harmony with nature. Emphasizing the balance of yin yang. Believing that life is a cycle. Confucianism: Emphasizing a world with well-defined hierarchy of classes or orders. Emphasizing observance of cultural rituals and time-honored traditions. Emphasizing primary source of happiness of life in food.,Role B: You think that Chinese cuisine is just a time-honored dietary habit of an agricultural society. Try to convince your partner. Use the following points for help. Add your own opinions and evidence. 1. Human beings must eat to survive. 2. It is human instinct to aspire for flavor, freshness, fragrance, nutrition, etc. Chinese cuisine is just a natural representation of geographic and agricultural features. China was for a long time an agricultural society. That is why we have more rice or wheat (or grains or corns) whereas the Westerners, originally a nomadic people, have more meat and diary diet. As Chinese culture paid more attention to raising domestic animals than pasture farming, Chinese consume more pork than mutton or beef.,Culture Information,Eating is an important part of culture. People have developed many customs and taboos about table manners. Therefore, some knowledge of the table will help you feel at ease and avoid embarrassment at a dinner party.,1) Dont sit at a table where other people are already sitting, for people seldom share the table with strangers in restaurants in western countries. Dont stand next to people who are eating and wait for them to finish, wait in the area provided for waiting.,Taboos at the Table,2) Dont put the napkin (餐巾) to your vest (=waistcoat) or put it under your chin like a babys bib (涎巾，围嘴). Spread it on your lap. 3) Dont use your handkerchief to wipe your mouth when eating. Use the napkin.,Taboos at the Table,4) Dont put the napkin on the table when you must leave temporarily during the meal. It should be put on your chair. The napkin should be put back on the table only when the meal is finished. 5) Dont bend over your food. Keep the plate close to you and pull up your chair so that you dont have to lean forward. Sit up straight all the time. 6) Dont bite a small piece out of a large piece of food and return the rest to your plate. Cut a small piece each time.,Taboos at the Table,7) Dont lift your plate or saucer from the table. 8) Dont drink with the spoon from your cup. 9) Dont dip (蘸，浸) bread, doughnuts (炸面圈), cookies, etc into tea, milk or any other liquid food. 10) Dont make noise when you are chewing. Close your mouth when eating. When you eat your soup, dont sip it from your spoon, but swallow it all in one mouthful. 11) Dont talk with your mouth full. If someone talks to you, wait until your mouth is empty before answering. Never