高中英语：Module6OldandNewPeriod3Grammar语法专题课情境互动课型课件外研版必修.ppt

Module 6 Old and New Grammar,1. Learn the attributive clauses. 2. Learn some language points.,Learning aims,试比较： 1. This is the place where I lived ten years ago . The school , where I once studied , was built thirty years ago. 2. He is a man who I can ask for help. His father , who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.,Leading - in,限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。,GRAMMAR 1 Non-defining attributive clauses,1.非限制性定语从句位于名词之后，不作限定性描述，仅作说明和补充，通常用逗号隔开。 Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town. 彼得开了整整一天车，他建议在下一个城镇停留。 She gave me this dictionary, which she had bought in the bookshop. 她送给我的这本词典，是她在书店买的。,2. 在限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，常可省略。非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略，不能用that引导。关系代词跟在介词之后不能省略。 1) The letter which/that I received was from Ben. = The letter _ _ was from Ben. 2) In the dark street, there wasnt a person to whom she could turn for help.= , there wasnt a person _ she could turn to for help.,I received,whom/who/ 不填,3. 关系代词 as可引导非限制性定语从句, 代替整个主句的意思,其位置比较灵活, 可位于句首、句中、句末; which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句后。 As we all know, English is easy to learn. English, as we all know, is easy to learn. He failed the exam, which made his father angry.,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,【高考链接】,1.(2016天津高考)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【解题关键】句意:我们将会把去公园野餐的时间推迟到下周,那个时候天气可能会更好一些。先行词是next week,在从句中作时间状语,故选when。,2.（2015福建高考）China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. who B. whom C. that D. which,【解题关键】根据句子结构可知空格后的句子是对空格前的句子的解释说明，是非限制性定语从句。which指代前面的整个句子。,3.（2015江苏高考）The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A. it B. which C. what D. as,【解题关键】句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下降了17%。as引导定语从句，表示“正如”。which引导非限制性定语从句时，不放在句中。,GRAMMAR 2 Contraction of attributive clauses,Read the sentences and find out the meaning of them and underline the relative clauses. 1.I met a man my grandfather worked with thirty years ago. 2.I met a man who my grandfather worked with thirty years ago. 3.I wanted to visit the house that my grandparents lived in. 4.The bus which I took back to my birth place was full of visitors from other parts of China.,Summary,当引导定语从句的关系代词充当宾语时，可以省略。 当引导定语从句的关系代词充当主语时，则不能省略。,Rules of the contraction of attributive clauses. 有些定语从句可以缩略为各种短语，如分词短语、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语及动词不定式短语等，且句意不受影响。我们称这一语法现象为定语从句的缩略。,缩略为分词短语： 1. 有些定语从句可直接略去作主语的关系代词（who, which, that）和部分谓语（am, is, are, was, were）等，使之缩略为现在分词短语或过去分词短语作后置定语。 (1) I know the men (who are) sitting in that car. 我认识坐在那辆汽车里的那些人。 (2) The boys helped the people (that were )hurt in the accident. 那些男孩子救助了事故中受伤的人们。,(3) The problem (which is) bothering everybody is the lack of money. 令大家麻烦的问题是缺少资金。 (4) The book (that has been) given to him is an English novel. 给他的那本书是一部英语小说。,2. 有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词为分词。这类定语从句一般缩略为现在分词短语，且在缩略时要考虑现在分词的时态和语态特征。 例如： (1) The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking. The man owning that car will be fined for illegal parking. 那辆汽车的主人将因违章停车而被处以罚款。,(2) Bill, who had taken chemistry in high school ,offered to help him. Bill, having taken chemistry in high school , offered to help him. 比尔在高中学过化学，他主动提出帮助他。,Language Points,make sense 讲得通;有意义;有道理 If you take away the attributive clauses, do the sentences still make sense? 如果你把定语从句拿掉，这些句子仍然有意义吗？ What he said doesnt make any sense. 他说的话毫无意义。 It makes good sense that they keep cattle on the hillside. 他们在山坡上养牛很有道理。,【知识拓展】 make a lot of/some/no sense 很有/有一定/没有道理 make sense of . 弄懂，理解（主语常为人） in a/some sense 从某种意义上讲 in no sense/way 绝不 there is no sense in doing sth. 做某事毫无道理,I dont make sense of what she said. 我不理解她的话。 This sentence makes no sense. 这个句子没有意义。 There is no sense in worrying about the past. 为过去的事情担忧是毫无意义的。,【即学即练】,This sentence just doesnt _, no matter how you read it. 无论你怎样读这个句子，它就是没有任何意义。 2. Can you _this poem? 你看得懂这首诗吗？,make any sense,完成句子。,make sense of,Class exercises,1.（2014天津高考)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of them uses it differently.,改错。,which,2. （2013辽宁高考） He may win the competition, in tha