电子烟辩论激起【中英双语】.doc

电子烟辩论激起【中英双语】 Twenty-year-oldGrantHaloeranisabitofanelectroniccigaretteconnoisseur.Heknowshowtobargainforthebestdealsandcancustomizeane-cigarettetankwithspoolandyarn. E-cigsarelighter,tastebetteranddontleaveyoufeelingdisgusting,Haloeransaid.Thoughtheycontainbitsofnicotine,theyarehealthierthanfull-ontobaocigarettes. “Italwayscrossesmymind,”hesaid,thinkingaboutthepotentialhealthrisksofe-cigsatthepipeshopFrolicindowntownNewarkThursday. “Buttheresnowayitcouldbeworsethansmokingcigarettes.” Thedebatesurroundingelectroniccigarettes,ore-cigs,hasbeenespeciallyheatingupoverthepastyearaspublichealthofficials,scientistsandadvocacygroupshavebeenscramblingtoformulateaconcretepolicyontheirhealthimpact. TheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationhasproposedaddinge-cigarettestoitslistoffederallyregulatedtobaoproducts,joiningrolledcigarettesaswellassmokelesstobaos.Thenewregulationswouldenpasse-cigs,cigars,pipetobao,dissolvabletobao,gelsandwaterpipetobao. TheFDAhasissuedapublicmentperiodontherulethroughAug.8. TheDelawareDivisionofPublicHealthhasmajorconcernswiththelackofregulationsone-cigarettes,saidDr.KarelRattay,divisiondirector. Electroniccigarettesessentiallylooklikebattery-operatedcigarettes,filledwithglycerol,nicotineandflavorfortaste.Theflavorcanrangefromtangerinetofruit-loop.Butthemechanismchurnsoutanaerosolinsteadofsmoke. “ItstheWildWestastowhatscontainedine-cigarettes,”shesaid. Scientistshavefoundthatthepropyleneglycolandvegetableglycerin-basedliquidsine-cigarettescannegativelyimpactstemcells,causepulmonaryirritationandcancer-causingpropyleneoxide. “Becauseitssounregulatedtheresalotofvariabilityinsomeoftheotherpotentialtoxins,”Rattaysaid.“Rightnowpeopledontknowwhattheyaregetting.” Thoughthereisnosmokeemittedwithane-cigarette,shesaidthatbystanderscanstillbeexposedtothetoxinsthroughtheaerosol.Toxinswhich,shesaid,areparticularlyharmfultopregnantwomenandyoungchildren. Moretroublingforpublichealthofficialsinthestate,however,istheinstancesofe-cigaretteuseamonghighschoolstudents. ThemostrecentDelawaredatafindsthatinthexxYouthTobaoSurvey,58percentofcurrente-cigaretteuserssaytheywill“definitelyorprobablybesmokingcigarettesfiveyearstonow.”Also84percentofyouthe-cigaretteusersaremorelikelythanotherstudentstousetobaoproducts. “Foryouthitsbeenagatewaytoalifetimeofnicotineaddiction,andthelastthingwewantismoreyouthaddictedtonicotine,”Rattaysaid. Rattaycitedapilationof84studiesone-cigarettesfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscoasthelatestresearchontheproducts. TheCaliforniaresearcherssubmittedoneofthestudiesformentbytheFDAonMondaythatlookedatnicotineuseinasampleofmostlyhighschoolbaseballathletes.Thestudyfoundthatinthepast30days,18percentoftheathleteshadusedsmokelesstobao,13percenthadusede-cigarettesand12percenthadsmokedhookah. Dr.StantonGlantz,oneoftheleadresearchersonthestudy,saidthatindustryclearlymarketssuchproductstoyoungadults,andespeciallyplugsthedifferentflavors.Hookahs,hesaid,arethemosttoxic,sincetheyareheatedwithcharcoal. “Itsasexy,hip,desirablewaytogetnicotine.Itshavingtheeffectofkeepingpeoplesmoking,”Glantzsaid. However,hedoesntdoubtthatsomeindividualssuessfullyusee-cigsasawaytokickasmokinghabit,thoughithasntbeenproven. For30-yearsmokerJulieWoessner,e-cigaretteswereagodsend.Shesbeencigarette-freesincexxandtoutscigarettealternativesasthecurrentpresidentoftheConsumerAdvocatesforSmokefreeAlternativesAssociation. “Theresafundamentalmisunderstandingoutthereaboutwhatitisaboute-cigarettesmokingthatissoharmful,”Woessnersaid. Thereare17,000registeredCASAAmemberswhofeelthesame. “Itsreallyeasytofocusonthenicotine,”shesaid.“Itsnotwhatcausesthewholehostofreallyphysicallydevastatinghealthissues.Theresnotbustion.Assoonasyouremovebustionfromtheequation,youalreadyhaveasubstantiallysaferproduct.” E-cigaretteshopshavebeengrowinginpopularitysincexx.InNewarkthereisevenashopthathasane-cigarettebar,withamenuofe-liquids. Allinall,Woessnersaid,theproposedFDAregulationsaremisguided. “OurhopeistheFDAwillstepbackandrealizetheydontunderstandtheproductswellenough,”shesaid. Glantz,ontheotherhand,thinkstheFDAhasnotgonefarenough.HesunsurehowtheregulationswouldgetenforcedandsupportedbyTheWhiteHouse. Inanycase,statesarebeingproactiveontheirownterms.Thirty-eightstates,includingDelaware,prohibitthesaleofe-cigarettestominors.StartingAug.1,theUniversityofDelawarewillenforceanewtobaoban,includingtheuseofe-cigarettes,oncampusandalluniversity-ownedfacilities. Delawarelawmakersattemptedtoadde-cigstothestatesCleanIndoorAirActtoprohibittheiruseinpublicplaces,butthemeasurefailedtobeintroducedontheLegislaturesfinalnight. Fromapublichealthperspective,Rattaysaid,thebanone-cigsalestominorswasagreatfirststep.TheywillcontinuetoeducatethepublicinanefforttoaddtheelectroniccigarettestotheCleanIndoorAirAct.Rattaysaiditwilltaketime,maybeyears. “ButIwouldprefernottowait20or30yearstodosomethingaboutit,”shesaid. 【以下Google翻译】 二十四岁格兰特Haloeran有点电子烟鉴赏家。他知道如何讨价还价，最优惠的价格，并可以自定义电子烟罐阀芯和纱线。 E-CIGS更轻，口感更好，不要让你感到恶心，Haloeran说。虽然它们含有尼古丁位，他们比全烟草卷烟更健康。 “它总是穿过我的脑海，”他说，想着电子CIGS在管店在嬉戏纽瓦克市中心周四潜在的健康风险。 “但是没有办法，这可能是比吸烟更糟糕。” 周围的电子香烟，或E-CIGS辩论中，已特别升温在过去一年中为公共卫生官员，科学家和倡导团体都纷纷制定对他们的健康影响进行具体的政策。 美国食品和药物管理局已建议增加电子香烟的联邦监管烟草产品的列表，加入卷烟和无烟烟草。新规定将涵盖电子CIGS，雪茄，烟斗烟草，可溶解烟草，凝胶和水烟烟草。 FDA已经通过8月8日的规则发出了公众评议期。 公共卫生特拉华州司与缺乏对电子香烟法规重大关切，说卡雷尔Rattay博士，科主任。 电子香烟有着本质的模样电池供电的香烟，充满了甘油，烟碱和香精的味道。中味的范围可以从柑橘果实环。但机制搅动了气溶胶，而不是烟。 “这是狂野的西部，什么是包含在电子香烟，”她说。 科学家们发现，丙二醇和植物性甘油为基础的液体在电子香烟可以干细胞产生负面影响，引起肺刺激和致癌的环氧丙烷。 “因为它是如此不受监管有很多变异在其他一些潜在的毒素，”Rattay说。“现在的人不知道是什么，他们所得到。” 虽然没有烟用电子香烟发出的，她说，旁观者仍然可以通过气溶胶暴露在毒素。毒素，她说，尤其有害于孕妇和儿童。 更令人不安在该州公共卫生官员，然而，是中学生电子烟的使用实例。 最新的数据特拉华发现，在xx年的青少年烟草调查，目前电子烟使用者58%的人表示他们会“一定会或可能会抽烟五年了。”还有青年电子香烟用户的84%更可能比其他学生使用烟草产品。 “对于年轻人它是一个门户，尼古丁成瘾的一生，而我们想要的最后一件事情是更青春对尼古丁上瘾，”Rattay说。 Rattay列举了84研究电子香烟加州，旧金山大学作为产品上的最新研究成果的汇编。 加州研究人员提出，看着尼古丁的使用大多是高中棒球运动员的样本中研究征求意见由FDA在周一之一。研究发现，在过去30天里，18%的运动员曾使用无烟烟草，13%的人使用电子香烟和12%的人吸食水烟。 斯坦顿格兰兹博士，在研究的主要研究者之一，他说，业界显然市场这样的产品，以青壮年，尤其是插头的不同口味。水烟袋，他说，是最有毒的，因为它们被加热用木炭。 “这是一个性感，臀部，理想的方式来获得尼古丁。它有让人们吸烟的作用，“格兰兹说。 然而，他不怀疑，有些人成功地使用电子CIGS，以此来踢吸烟