TPO31听力详细解析及精确文本Section1.pdf

Q U E S T I O N S1 - 5 TPO31- Conversation 1 Student Professor 1. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A point about southern settlements that the student did not understand. B. A problem with an assignment on colonial shipping routes. C. Reasons why the student prefers to write a paper relates to architecture. D. An aspect of colonial settlements the student wants to research. 【答案】 D. An aspect of colonial settlements the student wants to research. 【解析】 题目类型 主旨题 “对话者在讨论什么？” 定位 Student Yeah. But now, I see that I probably need to come up with a new paper topic. Actually, there was one other idea I had. I have been thinking about doing something about community planning in the early British settlements in Eastern North America. 设问处 转折处：But 强调处 ：Actually 分析 But 转折后出现重点，听到 Actually 等强调词应迅速提高注意力。学生跟教授说想换一个 论文主题，这是之前就想过的，是有关于北美东部的早期英国殖民地里的社区规划。对应 D 选 项“学生想调查的有关殖民地的一个方面”，这个方面就是“社区规划”。 2. What is the professors opinion about the students interest in architecture? A. He thinks the students focus on architecture prevents her from broadening her perspective. B. He thinks it may contribute to her producing an interesting research paper. C. He hopes she will choose to major in both history and architecture. D. He suspects that it may not provide her with the necessary background for the paper she is writing. 【答案】 B. He thinks it may contribute to her producing an interesting research paper. 【解析】 题目类型 细节题 “教授对学生在建筑学上的兴趣有什么看法” 定位 Student . But I think, you know, for a career, architecture is more for me. Professor Thats great. lve gotten some very thought-provoking papers from students whose interests go beyond history. 设问处 转折处：But 肯定语气处：That s great 分析 But 转折后引出话题“建筑”，教授的回答持肯定态度，所以排除 A“.prevents her from broadening.”和 D “suspect”. 教授随后用其他兴趣在历史学意外的学生写的“引人 深思的论文”来做个对照。意味着该生的建筑学兴趣同样可以帮助她写出吸引人的文章。 3. What does the professor want the student to do when they write their papers? A. Show a connection between history and another field in which they are interested. B. Develop a research topic that has not been investigated before. C. Explain how an aspect of United States culture has changed over time. D. Describe early difference between regions of the United States. 【答案】 D. Describe early difference between regions of the United States. 【解析】 题目类型 细节题 “教授想让学生们在写论文的时候做什么？” 定位 Professor . But anyway. uh. development in the colonies differed greatly depending on geography. I am looking for papers that have ideas about something that happened one way in the Northern colonies happened a different way in the Southern colonies. 设问处 转折处：But 意愿语气处：I am looking for 分析 教授说“殖民地的发展根据地理差异呈不同的状态”，他希望看到有关“南北殖民地不同 情 况的”论文。对应 D 选项“美国不同地区早期的差异”。 4. Why does the professor mention medieval Europe? A. To point out an important difference Europe and the United States B. To introduce a reason that the first European settlers moved to North American. C. To indicate the style of community planning followed by in the northern colonies. D. To point out that urban planning has changed considerably since the medieval period. 【答案】 C. To indicate the style of community planning followed by in the northern colonies 【解析】 题目类型 细节题 “为什么教授会提到中世纪欧洲？” 定位 Professor . Actually, the model for planning a town in the northern colonies was not unlike the model for the development of towns in medieval Europe. After all, the colonists had just come from Europe and the medieval period was just ending. 设问处 强调处：Actually 否定（双重）： not + unlike = like 分析 教授说“实际上，在北部殖民地的建镇模式和中世纪欧洲城镇发展模式没什么不同”。对 应 C 选项“社区规划风格延续到北部殖民地”。“followed by”表示前后相同。 5. What does the professor imply about storage and port facilities? A. They were one indicator of the emphasis put on trade in the southern colonies. B. They were a sign of something the northern and southern colonies had in common. C. They were multipurpose facilities also used for community meetings. D. They were designed to be similar to those found in Europe. 【答案】 A. They were one indicator of the emphasis put on trade in the southern colonies. 【解析】 题目类型 推断题 “教授会提到仓库和港口设施有什么意图？” 定位 Student . In the South, at least initially, they didnt build towns so much as they built trading posts. Professor Thats right. Most of the settlers in the North wanted to start a whole new life. But most of the people who came from Europe to the South just wanted to make some money and then go back. It is not surprising that some of most common buildings were storage facilities and port facilities. 设问处 肯定语气处 否定处：But 否定（强调）：It is not surprising that 强调语气表肯定 分析 教授首先肯定了学生 “南方不建城镇而建交易站” ， But 后面作进一步解释， 也是结尾处 “仓 库和港口设施是最常见建筑”的原因。因为“大部分欧洲人到南方只是想要赚钱然后离开”。 到 南方只为做贸易赚钱，需要的是仓库和港口，而不要规划城镇建设。所以仓库和港口是贸 易 的代表，强调的是南方殖民地贸易的重要性，对应 A 选项。 听力文本 Narrator Listen to part of a conversation between a student and her United States History professor. Professor So, Amanda, youve asked a lot of questions about trade during the colonial period of the United States. Has our discussion clarified things for you? Student Well, yeah, but now, I think writing about trade for my paper isnt going to work. Professor Oh, so your questions about shipping routes were for your research paper? Student Yeah. But now, I see that I probably need to come up with a new paper topic. Actually, there was one other idea I had. I have been thinking about doing something about community planning in the early British settlements in Eastern North America. Professor Oh, OK. I am curious. Why are you interested in doing something on community planning in colonial times? Student Well, I am much more into architecture. lts my major and I mean, planning out a town or city goes along with that. I mean, not that I dont like history . l am interested in history . really interested . But I think, you know, for a career, architecture is more for me. Professor Thats great. lve gotten some very thought-provoking papers from students whose interests go beyond history. Student OK. But for the paper you wanted us to try to include a comparison, right? Professor Yes. Actually, that was really the purpose of the assignment. The way the United States developed or perhaps I should say the colonies, since the land that would become the Eastern United States. uh. there were British colonies there four hundred years ago. But anyway. uh. development in the colonies differed greatly depending on geography. I am looking for papers that have ideas about something that happened one way in the Northern colonies happened a different way in the Southern colonies. Student Is that true in terms of urban planning? Professor Very true. Towns in the Northern colonies were centralized and compact. They provided a meeting point for exchanging goods, for participatory government, and for practicing religion. Houses would be built along the roads that led into town. And just outside the developed area, there would usually be an open field of some sort for grazing animals and also group activities. Actually, the model for planning a town in the Northern colonies was not unlike the model for the development of towns in medieval Europe. After all, the colonists had just come from Europe and the medieval period was just ending. Student Medieval Europe. But what about the South? If I remember correctly. In the South, at least initially, they didnt build towns so much as they built trading posts. Professor Thats right. Most of the settlers in the North wanted to start a whole new life. But most of the people who came from Europe to the South just wanted to make some money and then go back. It is not surprising that some of most common buildings were storage facilities and port facilities. TPO31- Lecture 1 Music (Ancient Greek Music Plato) Q U E S T I O N S6 - 1 1 6. What is the main topic of the lecture? A. The history of Greek music from ancient times to the past B. The influence of ancient Greek music on the music of neighboring countries C. The characteristics of ancient Greek songs D. The attitude of the ancient Greek toward music 【答案】 D. The attitude of the ancient Greek toward music 【解析】 题目类型 主旨题 “讲座的主题是？” 定位 Well, today I want to start talking about western music and I am going to start in ancient Greece. But, now heres the part thats different. Were not going to talk very much about the actual music. Instead, we are going to talk about what the Greeks believed about music. 设问处 转折处：But, Instead 分析 教授一开始在回顾往期的课程，But 转折后出现这次课程的重点，教授说“但现在这是不同 于 其他的部分。我们并不准备讲真正的音乐本身，而是要来讨论希腊人对音乐的看法”对应 D 选项，“希腊人对音乐的态度或看法”。 7. What two reasons does the professor give for approaching the lecture material as he does? 【解析】 Click on 2 answers A. We have a limited idea of what ancient Greek music sounded like. B. The Greek philosophy of music influenced Western thought. C. Greek music shared many characteristics with other types of ancient music. D. Greek melodies were admired by musicians from other cultures. 【答案】 A. We have a limited idea of what ancient Greek music sounded like. B. The Greek philosophy of music influenced Western thought. 【解析】 题目类型 细节题 “教授用他这种方式处理授课材料的两个原因是什么？” 定位 Now, there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this way. First, well, we dont have very much ancient Greek music studied. Only about 45 pieces survived.uh.these are mostly records of poems and songs. And we are not sure how well we can reproduce the melodies or rhythms, because they were apparently improvised in many cases. So we really dont know all that much about what the music sounded like. What we do know about - and this really is the most important reason I am approaching todays lecture the way I am - is the Greek philosophy about music and its continuing influence on western attitudes toward music. 设问处 因果处：So 强调处：really, the most important 分析 “Now, there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this way.” 对应问题，紧接着出现第一个原因“First.”。只要听到表示结果词“So”之后的话： “对 于 音乐究竟听起来是怎样的，我们的确不知道多少”就可判断选项 A“我们对希腊音乐听起 来 是怎么样的了解不多”正确。 后文中“this really is the most important reason I am approaching todays lecture the way I am”又对应了题目，接着是第二个解释：“希腊的音乐哲学以及它对西方音乐态 度的持续影响”。所以 B“希腊音乐哲学影响了西方的思想”也对。 8. According to the professor, what did the ancient Greeks believe about music? A. That music connected them to their ancestors. B. That music allowed people express their individuality. C. That the same laws ruled music and the universe. D. That music could not be explained by mathematics. 【答案】 C. That the same laws ruled music and the universe. 【解析】 题目类型 细节题 “根据教授所说，古希腊人认为音乐是什么样的？” 定位 Um.and for the Greeks, the same mathematical principles that govern music also govern the universe as well as the human character, the essence of personality. 分析 在否定了娱乐目的之后，教授把话题转到了数学定律上。教授说“对希腊人来说，支配着音 乐 的数学原理同样也统治着宇宙和人性”。对应 C 选项“统治音乐和宇宙的定律一致”。 9. According to the professor, what was Platos attitude toward music? A. Music had the power to help create the future leaders of a society. B. Music needed to be constantly evolving to keep up with social change. C. Music distracted attention from social problems. D. Musics primary purpose was entertainment. 【答案】 A. Music had the power to help create the future leaders of a society. 【解析】 题目类型 细节题 “根据教授所说，柏拉图对音乐的看法是？” 定位 For Plato, music is an important element in education, but only the right kind of music. That means the kind of music that builds the kind of character a good citizen or a future leader would need. Yes. For Plato, there is a kind of music that instills the qualities of leadership, just as there is a kind of music that makes a person soft and weak. 设问处 转折处：But 强调处： Yes 分析 but 后强调柏拉图认为“只有合适的音乐才是教育的关键，什么样的音乐造就什么样的公民 和 未来领袖”。Yes 后再强调柏拉图认为“有一种音乐可以灌输领导的品质”。对应 A 选项 “音乐有塑造社会未来领袖的力量”。 10. Why does the professor mention rock-and-roll music? A. To make a connection between ancient and modern attitudes toward music. B. To contrast its characteristics with the characteristics of ancient Greek music. C. To introduce a topic he will discuss later in the lecture. D. To find out what kind of music students in the class like best. 【答案】 A. To make a connection between ancient and modern attitudes toward music. 题目类型 细节题 “教授为什么会提到摇滚乐？” 定位 Now, Plato has very specific, very conventional kinds of music in mind. He is not fond of innovation. There were musicians in Platos day who were experimenting with different melodies and rhythms. A definite no - no for Plato. He thinks that breaking with tradition leads to all sorts of social problems, serious problems, even the breakdown of the fabric of society. I am thinking back now to when I first started listening to rock n roll and I remember my father saying it was a bad influence on us. I think he would have gotten along well with Plato. 设问处 强调处：very, not, definite, no-no 举例处：musicians, my father 分析 教授指明了柏拉图对音乐的观点，那就是“传统的，不喜欢创新”，并举了其他音乐家的 例 子。在柏拉图看来，他们的“节奏、旋律都是那么地与传统格格不入，还会引发各种问题”。 之后的摇滚乐也是一个类比， “父亲说摇滚乐对我们影响不好， 他就像当时的柏拉图一样 （认 为摇滚乐不合传统）”。故选 A“在古代和现代对音乐态度的中建立一个联系”。 11. Why does the professor say this? A. He does not think his opinions are relevant to class discussion. B. He believes his students can infer what he thinks. C. He wants the students to take Platos ideas seriously. D. He does not want to influence his students opinions. 【答案】 B. He believes his students can infer what he thinks. 【解析】 题目类型 句子功能题 重听题 定位 （重听部分） Anyway, I dont need to tell you what I think about Platos ideas about innovation, do l? 设问处 强调处：否定 dont need, 反问 do I? 分析 反问表达的是加强版的肯定语气，need 情态动词表示必要性。意思是“我的确没什么必要 再告诉你我对柏拉图关于创新的看法，对吗？”结合上文，教授已经很明确地表示柏拉图在 音 乐上很传统，不喜欢创新，还结合了自己父亲的例子予以证明。所以他认为这个观点在学 生看 来自然清晰明了，所以 D“他相信学生能推断出他的意思”。 听力文本 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a music class. Professor Today we are going to do something a little different. In the past few classes, weve listened to traditional music from around the world and weve talked about the characteristics of this music, what makes these styles distinctive, what kinds of instruments are used. And youve talked about what sounds familiar to you and what sounds strange. And many of you found some of what weve listened to very strange indeed. Well, today I want to start talking about western music and I am going to start in ancient Greece. But, now heres the part thats different. Were not going to talk very much about the actual music. Instead, we are going to talk about what the Greeks believed about music. Now, there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this way. First, well, we dont have very much ancient Greek music studied. Only about 45 pieces survived.uh.these are mostly records of poems and songs. And we are not sure how well we can reproduce the melodies or rhythms, because they were apparently improvised in many cases. So we really dont know all that much about what the music sounded like. What we do know about - and this really is the most important reason I am approaching todays lecture the way I am - is the Greek philosophy about music and its continuing influence on western attitudes toward music. Now, if were going to understand the philosophy, we have to first understand that music for the Greeks was about much more than entertainment. Yes, there was music at festivals and we have sculptures and paintings showing people listening to music for many of the same reasons that we do. But this isnt the whole story. The important thing about music was that it was governed by rules, mathematical rules. And for those of you who are also studying music theory, youll see that it is in fact highly mathematical. Um.and for the Greeks, the same mathematical principles that govern music also govern the universe as well as the human character, the essence of personality. Peoples characters were believed to be very sensitive to music. If you started playing around with the rules, you know, messing up the mathematical order, you could do serious harm. Thats why music was considered so powerful. If you knew the rules, you could do great good. But if you broke them, you could do great harm to the character of the listener. So, we have this Greek idea that music is directly related to human character and behavior. The philosopher, Plato, talks about this in the context of education. For Plato, music is an important element in education, but only the right kind of music. That means the kind of music that builds the kind of character a good citizen or a future leader would need. Yes. For Plato, there is a kind of music that instills the qualities of leadership, just as there is a kind of music that makes a person soft and weak. Now, Plato has very specific, very conventional kinds of music in mind. He is not fond of innovation. There were musicians in Platos day who were experimenting with different melodies and rhythms. A definite no -no for Plato. He thinks that breaking with tradition leads to all sorts of social problems, serious problems, even the breakdown of the fabric of society. I am thinking back now to when I first started listening to rock n roll and I remember my father saying it was a bad influence on us. I think he would have gotten along well with Plato. Anyway, I dont need to tell you what I think about Platos ideas about innovation, do l? Though I have to say its interesting that the same arguments against new music and art are still being made. Perhaps like the Greeks, we recognize, and maybe even fear the power of music. TPO31- Lecture 2 Geology (Movement of Tectonic Plates) Q U E S T I O N S1 2 - 1 7 12. What is the lecture mainly about? A. How to predict the rate of tectonic plate movement. B. A geologists attempt to determine the position of continents in the past. C. Some ideas about future movements of Earths tectonic plates. D. The history of a debate between two plate tectonic theories. 【答案】 C. Some ideas about future movements of Earths tectonic plates. 【解析】 题目类型 主旨题 “讲座的主题是？” 定位 OK. Well, as studying the movement of the plates can tell us about the location of the continents in the past, it can conceivably tell us about their location in the future too, right? So, in recent years, some geologists have used plate tectonic theory to m