云南专版2018年中考英语特训复习第1编教材知识梳理篇八上Units6_10试题.docx

八年级(上) Units 610,语块集锦1.grow up 长大；成熟；成长2.be sure about 确信；对有把握3.make sure 确保；查明4.be able to do sth.能够做某事5.at the beginning of 在开始6.write down 写下；记录下7.have to do with 关于；与有关系8.take up (尤指为消遣) 学着做；开始做9.agree with 同意；赞成 10.computer programmer 计算机程序设计员；编程人员11.sendto把发送到12.make resolutions 下决心；做决定13.keep resolutions执行决心14.the coming year来年15.make promises许下诺言16.keep promises遵守诺言；履行诺言17.better planning合理规划18.make oneself a better person使某人成为更好的人19.play a part参与(某事) 20.space station 太空站；宇宙空间站21.over and over again多次；反复地22.disagree with不同意；不赞成23.hundreds of 许多；大量24.fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌25.look for 寻找；寻求26.in danger 处境危险27.move to 搬(家) ；搬迁28.in the future 在将来29.milk shake 奶昔 30.turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等) ；打开31.addto把加到32.a piece of 一片；一条33.fillwith用填满34.coverwith用覆盖 35.cutinto pieces 把切碎36.cut up 切碎37.pourinto把倒进38.make soup 做汤39.take outfrom从带出/取出40.dig a hole 挖洞41.one by one 逐一地42.another ten minutesten more minutes 另外十分钟43.prepare for 为做准备44.have the flu 患流感45.go to the doctor 看医生46.another time 其他时间；别的时间47.hang out 闲逛；常去某处48.the day before yesterday 前天 49.the day after tomorrow 后天50.look after 照料；照顾51.turn down 拒绝52.take a trip 去旅行53.look forward to 盼望；期待54.hear from 接到(某人的) 信、电话等55.at the end of 在末尾56.go back 返回 57.invite sb.to邀请某人参加58.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事59.keepto oneself 保守秘密60.in half 分成两半 61.go to college 上大学 62.travel around the world 周游世界 63.make money 挣钱 64.get an education 接受教育 65.give sb.advice 给某人提建议66.get advice from sb.从某人那里得到建议67.be afraid to do sth.不敢做某事68.in the end 最后69.make mistakes 犯错70.run away from 躲开；回避71.be halfway to doing sth.完成或做了事情的一部分72.write articles写文章73.get back from school从学校回来74.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请75.make the soccer team成为足球队的一员76.accept an invitation接受邀请77.go to university上大学78.go bike riding骑自行车旅行79.disagree with 不同意，不赞成,句型荟萃1.What do you want to do when you grow up?I want to be an engineer.当你长大了，你想成为什么？我想成为一名工程师。2How are you going to become an engineer?Im going to study math really hard.你打算怎样成为一名工程师？我将非常努力学习数学。3Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时候决心或许太难而不能执行。4What will the future be like?Cities will be more polluted and there will be fewer trees.未来会是怎样的？城市会污染更多并且树会更少。5Today there are already robots working in factories.今天已经有机器人在工厂工作了。6How do you make a banana milk shake?First，Next，Then，Finally，你怎样制作香蕉牛奶奶昔？首先，接下来，然后，最后，7How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？8How much yogurt do we need?We need one cup of yogurt.我们需要多少酸奶？我们需要一杯酸奶。9When is the best time to have the party? 举行聚会的最好时间是什么时候？10Can you come to my party on Saturday?Sure，Id love to./Sorry，I must study for a math test.你能星期六来参加我的聚会吗？当然，我很愿意。/对不起，我要为一个数学考试而学习。11Can he go to the party?No，he cant.He has to help his parents.他会去参加聚会吗？不，他不能，他不得不帮他父母。12What will happen if they have the party today?If they have it today，half the class wont come.如果他们今天举行聚会会发生什么？如果他们今天举行，一半的学生不会来。,交际大全一、意愿和打算(Intentions and plans) 1A：When and where are we going to meet?B：Were going to meet in the park at one oclock.2A：Where would you like to go?B：Id like to visit Qingdao.3A：Do you want to go out tonight?B：No.I want to stay at home.4A：How long will you stay here?B：Ill stay here for two days.5A：When do you plan to visit the History Museum?B：I plan to visit the History Museum this Saturday.二、希望和愿望(Hope and wish) 1A：Where do you wish to travel?B：I wish to travel around the world.2A：They will have a match.B: I hope they win the match! 3A：Will there be world peace?B：Yes，I hope so.4A：Ill take a test tomorrow.B：Good luck.I hope you will get a grade A.三、表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement) A：You gave an excellent speech！/Its beautiful./Its a lovely picture./You look very smart.B：Oh，thank you！/How kind of you to say this.四、约会(Making appointments) 1A：Will you be free this evening？/Do you have time tomorrow morning?B：Yes，Ill be free./All right.See you then./Im afraid I have no time then./Sorry，I wont be free.2A：When/Where shall we meet?B：How about 5：00 tomorrow afternoon？/What about (meeting) outside the park gate？/Could we meet at 4：30？/Lets make it 6 oclock.五、邀请(Invitation) 1A：Would you like to come to my birthday party?B：Yes，Id love to./Id love to，but Im very busy.2A：Can you come to my birthday party?B：Im sorry I cant.What/How about another time?3A：What/How about coming to my birthday party?B：That would be very nice.Thanks./Its very kind of you to invite me，but Im afraid I have no time.,重难点精讲promise n承诺；诺言v.许诺；承诺(教材八上P45) 【点拨】(1) 用作名词，意为“承诺；诺言”。 常用短语：make a promise (to sb.) 或make promises (to sb.) (向某人) 承诺。如：He makes a promise to his mother that he is going to visit her at the end of this year.他向他妈妈承诺，今年年底将去看望她。(2) 用作动词，意为“许诺；承诺”。 常用短语：promise to sb.向某人承诺；promise to do sth.答应去做某事。如：I promise to my students that I will tell a joke in class.我向我的学生承诺我会在课上讲一个笑话。【拓展】和promise相关的常用短语：make a promise 许下诺言；keep ones promise 遵守诺言；break ones promise 违背诺言，说话不算数；promise sb.to do sth.答应某人做某事【即时训练】(A)1.He made a(n) _that he would buy a large house for his parents when he became rich.ApromiseBmindCdiscussion Deducation(B)2.She promised_her old friend during her stay in Kunming.Asee Bto seeC seeing Dsawdiscuss v讨论；商量(教材八上P43) 【点拨】(1) discuss构成短语discuss with sb.，意为“和某人商讨”。如：He is discussing that math problem with his classmates.他在和同学们讨论那个数学问题。(2) discuss的常见用法：discuss后面接“疑问词to do sth.”作宾语。如：They are discussing how to do it.他们正在讨论那个下一步如何做。discuss后接宾语从句。如：They discussed where they would go on vacation.他们讨论了要去哪儿度假。【拓展】其名词形式为discussion n讨论。如：We had a discussion about TV shows.我们讨论了有关电视节目。【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。3She likes_to_discuss_with_her_mother_(和妈妈商量) .4We had a_discussion_(discuss) about the vacation.paper n纸张；纸(教材八上P49) 【点拨】paper表示“纸；纸张”时是不可数名词。如a piece of paper一张纸，five pieces of paper五张纸。如：I need two pieces of paper to write my essay.我需要两张纸来写我的作文。【拓展】paper作名词时还有“报纸”和“试卷”之意，此时是可数名词，复数形式是papers。如：Every day my father reads two different kinds of papers.我爸爸每天会读两种不同的报纸。【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。5Will people use_paper_ (纸) in 200 years?6He passed me_a_piece_of_paper_(一张纸) and I put it on the table.disagree v不同意；有分歧(教材八上P53) 【点拨】通过在动词agree前添加否定前缀dis构成。如：I disagree with you.我不同意你的观点。【拓展】agreement n意为“同意”。disagreement n意为“不同意”。固定搭配：agree with同意；赞同。disagree with 不同意；不赞同。如：I cant agree with you more.我完全同意你的观点。【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。7I really_disagree_with_(不同意) your opinion.8Do you_agree_with_(同意) me?advise v劝告；建议(教材八上P77) 【点拨】常用搭配：advise sb.about/on sth.就某事向某人提出建议advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事advise sb.not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事【拓展】advice n劝告；建议。是不可数名词，“一条建议”用a piece of advice。give sb.advice 给某人建议 take ones advice 接受某人的建议follow ones advice 遵循某人的建议suggestion为可数名词，与advice同义，意为“提议；建议”。【即时训练】(A)9.My teacher gave me much_ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.Aadvice BquestionCsuggestion Dproblem(C)10.Please give me some_ on how to learn English well.Aplan BinformationCadvice Dnewsfill v(使)充满；装满(教材八上P61) 【点拨】常用于fillwith结构中，“用把装满”，强调动作的过程。full为fill的形容词形式，意为“装满的；充满的”。be filled withbe full of装满；充满；填满。【拓展】be filled with与be full ofbe filled with 侧重于动作。如：The bottle is filled with water.瓶子被水充满了。be full of 侧重于状态。如：The bottle is full of water.瓶子装满了水。【即时训练】(B)11.She _ the bottle _ colorful stones and some water.Afilled；of Bfilled；withCfulled；of Dfulled；with(A)12.My father is going to fill the basket_oranges.Awith Bof Cin Datinvite v邀请(教材八上P67) 【点拨】固定结构：invite sb.to邀请某人参加 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事【拓展】invitation n邀请 make an invitation 发出邀请accept an invitation 接受邀请 turn down/refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请【即时训练】(D)13.Lucy is shy.She would not invite her classmates_dancing with her.Apractice BpracticedCpracticing Dto practice(B)14.My friend invited me_the art club，and I accepted it with pleasure.Ajoin Bto joinCjoined Djoininghuman n人 adj.人的(教材八上P53) 【辨析】human，person，people和the people的用法(1) human表示区别于其他物种或神的“人”，相当于“human being”；humans和human beings表示“人类”。作adj.，意为“人的”。如：That was early life of us humans.那便是我们人类的早期生活。(2) person是最普通的表示“人”的词，指代男人、女人和小孩，有单数和复数之分。如：a person一个人，ten persons十个人。(3) people泛指“人们”，是集体名词，后面不能再加s变复数，作主语时动词要用复数形式。“一个人”只能用one person而不能用one people表示。此外，people还表示“民族”，a people表示“一个民族”，peoples表示“多个民族”。如：In China，people always get together on the Spring Festival.在中国，人们总是在春节的时候团聚。(4) the people指“人民(群众)”。如：The life of the people in China is getting better and better.中国人民的生活正在变得越来越好。【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。15You became the most important_person_(人) in my life.16There are 56_peoples_(民族) in China.17The life of_the_people_(人民群众) in China is getting better and better.believe v相信；认为可能(教材八上P53) 【点拨】该词为动词，其名词形式是belief，意为“信仰；信念”。【拓展】在believe，think等词后面跟宾语从句，当主语是I或we时，若要将宾语从句变成否定句，则要进行否定转移，即将否定词not放到主句中。如：I dont believe/think he will come to the party tonight.我认为他今天晚上不会来参加这场晚会。在简略答语中，可以将not放在believe后，也可放在believe前。如：Can your parents come here on Tuesday？你的父母能在周二来这里吗？I dont believe so./I believe not.我想不能。【即时训练】汉译英。18我认为他不是一个诚实的人。_I_dont_believe_he_is_an_honest_person._19他认为公交车不会晚点。_He_doesnt_believe_the_bus_will_be_late._make sure 确保；查明(教材八上P42) 【点拨】体会例句，理解用法。如：Before you leave，make sure you close the window.你离开之前要确保关好了窗户。【拓展】be sure about确信；对有把握。如：Im not sure about my answer.我对我的答案没有把握。【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。20You must_make_ _sure_(确保) youve locked the door.21He_is_ _sure_ _about_(对有把握) tomorrows match.be able to 能够(教材八上P45) 【点拨】be able to后跟动词原形，用于表示能力，有时可以和can进行同义互换。be随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。如：She is able to swim.她能游泳。I was able to write when I was five.我五岁时就能写字了。They will be able to skate.他们将会滑冰了。【辨析】can与be able to(1) can只有两种形式，所以只能用于两种时态：一般现在时和一般过去时；(2) be able to中的be动词随着主语和时态的变化而变化，所以可用于任何时态。以上的三个例句中，第一句和第二句均可以用can或could来改写，而第三句则无法用can来改写。如：She can swim.她能游泳。I could write when I was five.我五岁时就能写字了。【即时训练】同义句转换。22Can you solve the problem?Are you_able_ _to_solve the problem?23She could play the piano at the age of four.She_was_ _able_ _to_ play the piano at the age of four.write down 写下；记录下(教材八上P45) 【点拨】write down意为“写下；记录下”，是“动词副词”结构的短语。当名词作宾语时，放在两词后面或者中间皆可；当代词作宾语时，需要用代词的宾格形式，且只能放在两词中间。【拓展】常见的“动词down” 短语小结：cut down砍伐；砍倒 go down下去；下沉lie down 躺下 put down放下；记下look down向下看 break down出故障take down放下；取下 turn down 开小；调低【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。24Before going to bed，I have to_write_ _it_ _down_(把它写下来)25The baby is sleeping，please_turn_ _it_ _down_(把它调低)take up学着做；开始做(教材八上P45) 【点拨】take up表示“开始做；学着做”，尤其指做以前没有做过的事或作为消遣的方式。take up后面可跟名词或动名词。如：Im going to take up a hobbydancing.我要培养一个新的爱好跳舞。 When I was young，I took up painting.我很小就开始画画了。【拓展】(1) take up还有“占用”之意。(2) 常见的take短语：take off 起飞；脱掉take away 拿走；带走take out 掏出；取出 take down 写下；记下take place 发生 take turns 按顺序；轮流take part in 参加 take care of 照顾【即时训练】(B)26.Although he is over sixty，he_a new hobbytaking photos.Alooks upBtakes upCgives up Dputs up(C)27.(天津中考) Bob is taking the desks away because they_ too much room.Astand up Bpick upCtake up Dlisten uphundreds of 许多；大量(教材八上P53) 【点拨】hundreds of是固定搭配，表示模糊的数字概念。当hundred前有具体的数字时，要用hundred的单数形式，而且其后不必加of短语。【拓展】和hundreds of结构、用法一样的短语：thousands of 数以千计的；millions of 数以百万计的；billions of 数十亿的【即时训练】(A)28.(黔西南中考) _visitors come to Xingyi during May Day holidays every year.AThousands of BTwo thousandsCThousand of DThousand(A)29.(云南中考) How many people were invited to the meeting?About six_Ahundred BhundredsChundred of Dhundreds offall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌(教材八上P53) 【点拨】fall down是“动词down”的结构的短语，其中fall作动词，过去式是fell，过去分词是fallen。【拓展】常见的fall短语fall asleep睡着fall ill生病fall in love with爱上fall off跌落；从掉下来fall behind落后fall over绊倒【即时训练】根据句意完成句子。30Those old buildings_fell_down_(倒塌)Luckily，nobody was hurt.31He was so tired that he_fell_asleep_(睡着) soon.turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等) ；打开(教材八上P57) 【点拨】动词短语。如：I want to watch TV.May I turn it on? 我想看电视，我可以打开它吗？【辨析】turn on，turn off，turn up与turn down短语含义例句turn on打开I want to watch TV.May I turn it on？turn off关上You should turn off the light when you go to bed.turn up(音量)开大点Do you mind if I turn up the music？turn down(音量)开小点；拒绝Do you mind if I turn down the music？【即时训练】(D)32.(台州中考) Would you mind_ the music a little？Dont you think its too loud?Sorry! Ill do it in a minute.Aturning on Bturning offCturning up Dturning down(D)33.(泰州中考) The classroom is so bright now.You should_the lights.OK，I will.Aturn on Bturn upCturn down Dturn off(A)34.(扬州中考) Do you know the latest information about Flight MH370?Ive no idea.Lets_the TV to watch the news program. Aturn on Bturn downCturn up Dturn offhear from接到(某人的) 信、电话等(教材八上P69) 【点拨】动词短语，相当于receive a letter from sb.如：I look forward to hearing from you.我期盼着你的来信。【辨析】hear from与hear of短语释义用法例句hear from“收到的来信”，后面加sb.。I hear from my father last week.hear of表示“听说”，后面加sth./sb.。Have you ever heard of the Great Wall？【即时训练】(D)35.(北京中考) I_Mr.Smith since he moved to Shanghai.Adidnt hear fromBdont hear fromCwont hear fromDhavent heard from(D)36.Have you ever_the Great Wall?Aheard from Bheard ofCheard about DB or Cput into把放入(教材八上P59) 【点拨】动词短语。如：Put the corn into the popcorn machine.把玉米放入爆米花机里。【拓展】put的常用短语put on 穿上；戴上；上演；体重增加put up 提高(价格等)；张贴；建造；使升高put out 扑灭；熄灭put off 推迟put away 把收起来；放好put down放下；写下；镇压put back将放回；推迟；延期put forward提出；向前拔put in把写进(信函、故事等)；插话；正式提出(要求等) 【即时训练】(D)37.Tom，its cold outside._ your coat when you go out.OK，mom.ATake off BTake away CPut away DPut on(A)38.(呼和浩特中考) The boy has a good habit to_ all the things in right places.Aput away Bput upCtake away Dtake up(B)39.(杭州中考) I really need to take more exercise because Im_ weight.Aputting off Bputting onCputting down Dputting away(C)40.(泰安中考) The exam is over and the results will be_ on Friday afternoon.Aput down Bput offCput up Dput awaycut up切碎；剪碎(教材八上P57) 【点拨】等同于cut up into pieces。cut upinto把某物切成形状。如：My mother taught me how to cut up the carrots.我妈妈教我如何把这些胡萝卜切碎。【拓展】cut down 砍倒；削减 cut off切断；砍掉 cut out删除注意：这些由动词副词构成的短语，代词作其宾语时只能放中间。如：Cut them up，please.请把它们切碎。【即时训练】(D)41.(济南中考) Alice，could you help me_ the meat? I want to make some dumplings for dinner?OK，I will do it right away.Aput up Buse upCgive up Dcut up(C)42.The banana is too big.You can_Acut up them Bcut them upCcut it up Dcut up itlook forward to期待；盼望(教材八上P69) 【点拨】其中to是介词，后接名词或动词ing形式。【拓展】与look有关的其他短语：look at看 look for寻找look up查找 look out小心look over仔细检查 look through浏览look after照顾；照看 look around环视【即时训练】(C)43.(山西中考) In our daily life，we must learn to_ourselves well at any time.Its as important as studying.Adeal with Bworry aboutClook after Dlook for(C)44.(天津中考) Yunnan is beautiful and Im_visiting it again.Akeeping clear ofBsuffering fromClooking forward toDrunning away fromHow are you going to do that？你打算如何做(来实现它)?Im going to study computer science.我打算学习电脑科学(来实现它)。(教材八上P41) 【点拨】第一句是由how引导的特殊疑问句，时态是含有be going to结构的一般将来时。【拓展】含有be going to结构的一般将来时用于描述计划或打算要做的事情，be动词根据主语的不同可以变换为am，is 或are。【即时训练】(D)45.(江西中考) Do you have any plans for tonight?Yes，I_at the new Italian restaurant in town.Aeat Bhave eatenCate Dam going to eat (D)46.(河北中考) I_the shops.Can I get you anything?Ago to Bwent toChave gone to Dam going toWill people use money in 100 years？一百年后人们将会使用钱吗？(教材八上P49) 【点拨】in 100 years意为“100年后”。“in时间段”用于将来时态，意为“在之后”，常用how soon提问。【拓展】“after一段时间”表示的是以过去时间算起的一段时间之后，用于过去时。但当after后加的是某一时刻或日期时也可以与将来时连用。如：After a few days，my father came back home.几天之后，我爸爸回家来了。I will leave for Beijing after two oclock.我将在两点后动身前往北京。【即时训练】(A)47.How soon_ your father_back?In a week.Awill；come Bwill；comes Cis；go Dis；will go(C)48.Your grandson will come to see you_ a week.Do you miss him?Aat Bfor Cin DafterCan you come to my party？你能来参加我的派对吗？(教材八上P65) 【点拨】Can you？意为“你能吗？”表示客气地请求某人做某事。接受邀请常用“I would(Id) love to.”或者“Certainly.”等来应答。如有事不能接受邀请，可用“Sorry，I cant.”或者“Id love to，but”等回答。这种句式中，用could比can语气委婉，显得有礼貌，而用can则较随便。【拓展】向别人发出邀请，委婉地请求某人去做某事的常用表达：Can/Could you？/Would you like to？/What/How about？/Shall (we)？/May I invite you to？其肯定回答，即接受别人的邀请时，常用：Yes，Id love to./Id like to./Yes.Its very nice/kind of you./That sounds great./That sounds like fun./Im happy (glad) to其否定回答，即委婉拒绝时常用：Id love/like to，but/Maybe another time./Im sorry I cant.I have to/Im afraid I cant./Im afraid not.【即时训练】(C)49.Can you play basketball with me this weekend?_I have to help my parents.AYes，I can BSorr