大学英语四级词汇(带例句、音标).doc

大学英语四级词汇1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更(例) These clothes are too large; they must be altered. 这些衣服太大,得修改.2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生,爆裂例)They burst out laughing. 他们突然大笑起来. 搭配)a burst of laughter 突发的笑声3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)(例)We have to dispose of this pile of old papers and magazines. 我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理掉(例)Man proposes. God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天.4.blast n. 爆炸;气流 vi. 炸,炸掉(例)The blast from the bomb blew out all the windows in the area. 炸弹爆炸的冲击波震破了这个地区的所有窗户.(例)Theyve blasted away the rock to build the new road. 他们已炸掉这块岩石以便修一条新的路.5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽(例)His old car consumed much gasoline. 他的旧汽车耗油很多.6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的(例)We split the wood into long thin pieces. 我们把木头劈成长长的薄片.7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃(例)He spat into the river. 他把痰吐到河里8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出(例)I spilt the coffee - it spilt all over my book. 我洒了咖啡,溅了我一书.9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略(例)She slipped on the wet floor and fell. 她滑倒在湿地板上了.10.slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片(例)She fell over and slid across the shiny floor. 她跌倒了,滑过了发亮的地板.(例)have a slide on the ice 在冰上滑行11.bacteria n. 细菌12.breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔(例)The islanders are a strong breed of people.这些岛上的居民是一种体格强壮的人.(例)Some animals will not breed in cages. 有些动物在笼子里不产崽.13.budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排(搭配)a government budget 政府预算(例)We should learn how to save money by budgeting .我们应该通过安排开支而节省钱14.candidate n. 候选人(例)He offers himself as a candidate for the chairman. 他自荐为主席候选人.15.campus n. 校园(搭配)在校园中 on campus16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的(例)17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换(例)She transformed the room by painting it. 她油漆了房间使它为之一新.18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递(例)The World Cup final is being transmitted live to over fifty countries. 世界杯决赛现正向五十多个国家作实况转播.19.transplant v. 移植(例)The doctor succeeded in transplanting a kidney from one twin to another. 医生成功地把孪生儿之一的肾脏移植到另一人身上.20.transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具(例)The goods were transported by train. 货物是用火车运来的.21.shift v. 转移;转动;转变(例)The wind shifted to the north. 风转向北吹.(例)Shall I shift the chairs 我把椅子移动一下好吗 22.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化(例)The weather varies from day to day. 天气一天天变化.23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见(例)I thought it would rain, but the clouds have vanished and its a fine day. 我原以为天要下雨的,可是云消失了,是个好天.24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子(例)She swallowed some milk. 她咽下几口牛奶.25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心(例)Suspicion crept into his mind. 不由得他不产生怀疑.(搭配)above suspicion 无可置疑 under suspicion受到怀疑26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的(例)I am suspicious of that woman.我很怀疑那位妇女.27.mild a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的(例)The weather is mild today;it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热.28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的(例)a tender mother 慈母 a tender expression on her face 她脸上温柔的表情 tender flowers 柔弱的花朵29.nuisance n.讨厌(的人或事物)(例)What a nuisance! Ive forgotten my ticket. 真讨厌,我忘记带票了.30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的(例)in-无+significant 有意义的,意义深长的-无关紧要的;无用的31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进(例)No one knows how to accelerate the rate of growth. 没人知道如何提高生长率.32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的(例)You are an absolute fool! 你是个十足的傻瓜!33.boundary n. 分界线,边界(例)这道栅栏是我的地和她的地的分界线.34.brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住(车)(例)His brakes failed on a steep hill. 他的车闸在陡峭的山坡失灵了.35.catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目(例)It is the catalog of all the books in the library. 这就是图书馆里所有书籍的目录.36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的(例)a vague idea 模糊的想法(例)He was a little vague when I asked what had happened. 我问他出了什么事时,他一无所知.37.vain n. 徒劳,白费(例)All our work was in vain. 我们所有的工作都白费了.38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的(例)Some of the species of birds are extinct. 有几种鸟类已经绝种了.39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的(例)What an extraordinary idea! 多么离奇的想法!40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因(例)My agent has power to sign my name. 我的代理人有权代我签字.(例)Rain and sun are the agents which help plants to grow.雨水和太阳是促使植物成长的因素.42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精(例)I never touch alcohol. 我从不饮酒.43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求(例)The government is appealing to everyone to save water. 政府呼吁每个人节约用水.44.appreciate vt. 感谢,赏识,欣赏(例)I appreciate your help. 我感谢你的帮助.(例)Do you appreciate good wine 你会鉴赏好酒吗 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准(例)I dont approve of smoking. 我不赞成抽烟.(例)My parents dont approve of me smoking cigarettes. 我的父母不准许我吸烟.46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励(例)Praise always stimulates him to make greater efforts. 表扬能激励他更加努力.47.acquire vt. 取得,获得;学到(例)She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语.48.accomplish vt .完成,到达;实行(例)I accomplished two hours work before dinner. 我在吃饭前完成了两小时的工作.(例)to accomplish a purpose 达到目的49.network n. 网状物;广播网,电视网;网络(例)a network of railroads 铁路网50.tide n. 潮汐;潮流(例)The tide is down. 潮退了.(搭配)swim/go with with the tide 顺应潮流,随波逐流51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的(例)What a tidy room! 多么整洁的房间呀!52.trace vt. 追踪,找到 n. 痕迹,踪迹(例)They traced the criminal to a house in the city. 他们追踪罪犯到了城里的一座房子里.(例)They searched the building but did not find any trace of the criminal. 他们搜查了这座楼房,可是没有发现罪犯的一点踪迹.53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨(例)She died under torture. 她受严刑拷打致死.54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛(例)The children wandered in the woods. 孩子们在森林里漫步.55.wax n. 蜡(例)Candles are made from wax. 蜡烛是蜡做的.56.weave v. 织,编(例)I wove a mat. 我编了一张席子.57.preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持(例)The Town Council spent a lot of money to preserve the old castle.市政委员会花了不少钱来维修那座古城堡.(例)You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 你可以用盐保存肉或鱼.(例) It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序.61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待;谩骂(例)He was charged of abusing a privilege. 他因滥用特权而被起诉.62. academic a. 学术的;高等院校的;研究院的(例)The question is purely academic. 这是一个纯学术性的问题.63. academy n. (高等)专科院校;学会(例)an academy of music 音乐学院(例)Academy Award 金像奖64. battery n. 电池(组)(例)Our bus wont start because the battery is flat. 我们的大客车发动不起来了,因为电池坏了.65. barrier n. 障碍;棚栏(例)The police put a barrier across the road. 警察设了路障.66. cargo n. (船,飞机等装载的)货(例)We sailed from Perth with a cargo of raw ion. 我们装着一船生铁从佩思启航.67. career n. 生涯,职业(例)My grandfather was a career teacher; its the only job hed ever done.我祖父教了一辈子书,教书是他所干过的唯一的工作.68. vessel n. 船舶;容器,器皿;血管(例)There were many vessels in the harbor today. 今天港口有许多船只.(例)A pot is a vessel for holding food. 锅是盛食物的器皿.69. vertical a. 垂直的(例)Walls are usually vertical. 墙通常是垂直的.70. oblige v. 迫使,责成;使感激(例)The police obliged him to leave. 警方强迫他离开.71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊(例)Is the meaning still obscure to you 你觉得意思仍然不清楚吗 72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度(例)I agree with you to some extent. 我部分地同意你.(例)What is the extent of your garden 你的花园有多大 73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的(例)Paint the exerior walls of the house. 给房子的外墙刷漆.74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的(例)External causes become operative through internal causes.外因通过内因而起作用.75. petrol n. 汽油76. petroleum n. 石油77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁(例)The letter was delayed three days by the train accident. 这次火车事故使这封信耽搁了三天.78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽(例)Sugar can decay the teeth. 糖能蛀蚀牙.79. decent a. 像样的,体面的(例)a decent house 一所像样的房子80. route n. 路;路线;航线(例)We came by a longer route than usual. 我们走了一条比通常要长的路来的.81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏 n. 毁灭,pl.废墟(例)She poured water all over my painting, and ruined it. 她把水全倒在了我的画上,把画毁了.(例)We saw the ruins of the church. 我们看见了这座教堂的废墟.82. sake n. 缘故,理由(例)Never do wrong for the sake of money. 绝不要为金钱而做坏事.(搭配)for the sake of 为了好处;为着想,为了缘故83. satellite n. 卫星(例)They receive television pictures by satellite. 他们通过人造卫星接收电视图像.84. scale n. 大小,规模;等级;刻度(例)They are preparing for war on a large scale. 他们正在大规模地备战.85. temple n. 庙宇86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的,(例)The work is tedious. 这工作令人厌倦.87. tend vi.易于,趋向(例)People under stress tend to express their full range of potential. 处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力.88. tendency n.趋向,趋势(例)Prices continue to show an upward tendency. 物价呈持续上升趋势.89. ultimate a.最大的,最终的 n. 极端(例)Whats your ultimate objective 你的最终目标是什么 90. undergo v. 经历,遭受(例)91. abundant a. 丰富的,充裕的,大量的(例)Iraq is abundant in petroleum deposits. 伊拉克石油储量丰富.92. adopt v. 收养;采用;采纳(例)They adopted our methods. 他们采用了我们的办法.93. adapt vi. 适应,适合;改编,改写 vt. 使适应(例)She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 她很快就适应了这种新气候.94. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位;单身汉(例)He remained a bachelor all his life. 他终生未娶.(例)Are you a Bachelor of Arts 你是文学学士吗 95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的;临时的;非正式的(例)96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 设陷阱捕捉(例)The police set a trap to catch the thief. 警察设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套.(例)They were trapped in the burning hotel. 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里.97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的(例)If that room is vacant, we can practice there. 如果那个房间空着,我们可以在那练习.98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器(例)His wifes death left him a vacuum in his life. 他妻子的去世使他的生活变得空虚.99. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的(例)He will take an oral examination. 他将接受口试.100. optics n. (单,复数同形)光学(例)The optic theory originated with Einstein. 光学理论是爱因斯坦首创的.101. organ n. 器官,风琴(例)The heart is a vital organ. 心脏是维持生命必须的器官.(例)He plays the organ in church. 他在教堂弹奏风琴.102.excess n 过分，过量，过剩（例）after cooking the fish ，pour off any excess fat. 烹完鱼后，倒掉多余的油。She said she was sick of her life of excess. 她说她厌倦了自己无节制的生活。103. expel /ikspel/v. 驱逐,开除,赶出例：An American academic was expelled from the country yesterday. 昨天一位美国学者被逐出该国。Daily brushing of the skin helps the skin expel toxins.每天擦洗皮肤有助于皮肤排毒。More than five-thousand secondary school students have been expelled for cheating. 5,000多名中学生因为作弊被开除。104. expend /ikspend/ v.消费Children expend a lot of energy and may need more high-energy food than adults. 孩子们消耗很多能量，可能比成年人需要更多高能量的食物。Dont expend all your time on such a useless job. 不要把时间消耗在这种无用的工作上。105. expenditure /ikspenditi/ n. 支出,消费;经费They should cut their expenditure on defence.他们应该缩减国防开支。The financial rewards justified the expenditure of effort. 经济上的回报证明付出的努力是值得的。106. expense /ikspens/ n.开销,费用Hes bought a specially big TV at vast expense so that everyone can see properly. 他花大价钱买了一台特别大的电视机，这样每个人都能看清楚。Can you claim this back on expenses? 这个你能报销吗？Should architects continue to be trained for five years at public expense?. 建筑师是否应该继续接受5年的公费培训呢？I think hes having fun at our expense. 我想他在拿我们寻开心。107. expensive /ikspensiv/a.价格高的Wines so expensive in this country. 葡萄酒在这个国家非常昂贵。This restaurant is rather more expensive than that one. 这家餐厅的收费比那家贵得多。108. expand /ikspnd/ v.扩大,扩张;发展,膨胀We have to expand the size of the image. 我们不得不放大图像的尺寸。I owned a bookshop and desired to expand the business. 我拥有一家书店，想要扩大业务。109. expansion /ikspndin/ n. 扩大,扩充;发展,膨胀.the rapid expansion of private health insurance. 个人健康保险的迅速发展.a new period of economic expansion. 经济发展的新时期The company has abandoned plans for further expansion. 该公司已经放弃了进一步扩张的计划110. private/praiveit/ a. 个人的,私人的.a joint venture with private industry. 与私营企业建立的合资企业Brazil says its constitution forbids the private ownership of energy assets. 巴西称其宪法禁止个人占有能源资产。The family tried to bring a private prosecution against him for assault. 这家人试图以侵犯人身为由对他提起自诉。They want more State control over private property. 他们希望加强国家对私有财产的控制。111. individual /individjul/ a. 个别的,单独的 n.个人,个体They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions. 他们等待团体作决定而不是各自作出决定。A childs awareness of being an individual grows in stages during the pre-school years. 孩子的个体意识在入学前的几年中逐渐增强。It was really all part of her very individual personality. 那其实都是她独特个性的表现112.personal/p:snl/ a. 个人的,私人的;亲自的Thats my personal opinion. 那是我的个人观点。People do not mind paying a bit extra for the personal touch. 冲着个性化设计人们不介意多花点儿钱。We sacrifice our personal lives to our work. 我们为工作牺牲了私人生活。Newspapers resorted to personal abuse. 报纸采取了人身攻击的手段。113. personnel /p:snel/ n. 总称人员,员工;人事部门Five other US military personnel were killed in various incidents. 另有5名美军士兵死于各种意外If you need help at work, your Personnel Manager should be able to help. 如果你工作中需要帮助，人事经理应该能帮上忙。Her first job was in personnel. 她的第一份工作是人事方面的。114. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋115.the tlantic Ocean 大西洋116.the rctic Ocean北冰洋117.the ntarctic Ocean南冰洋118.grant /grnt/v.授予,同意,准予Theyd got a special grant to encourage research. 他们得到一笔用以鼓励科研的特别经费。France has agreed to grant him political asylum. 法国已经同意给予他政治避难。119. grand /grnd/a.宏伟的,壮丽的,重大的The scenery of South Island is on a grand scale. 南岛风光壮观秀丽。The grand design of Europes monetary union is already agreed. 欧洲统一货币的宏伟构想已经获得认同。120. invade /inveid/ v.侵入,侵略,侵袭The Romans and the Normans came to Britain as invading armies. 罗马人以及诺曼人通过军事入侵来到英国。Every so often the kitchen would be invaded by ants. 厨房常常会遭到大批蚂蚁的进犯。121. acid/eisid/ n. 酸,酸性物质 a. 酸的;尖刻的These shrubs must have an acid, lime-free soil. 这些灌木必须生长在不含石灰的酸性土壤环境。This comedy of contemporary manners is told with compassion and acid humour. 这部当代风尚喜剧杂糅了悲悯的情怀和尖酸的幽默。122. acknowledge /knlid/ v.承认;致谢Belatedly, the government has acknowledged the problem. 政府迟迟才承认了该问题。He is also acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper. 他也被公认为是一名出色的守门员。123. balcony /blkni/ n. 阳台He stood at a balcony that projects over the entrance. 他站在入口上面突出的阳台上。I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately. 我觉得我能准确预料此事的政治后果。124. calculate /klkjuleit/ vt.计算From this you can calculate the total mass in the Galaxy. 由此你可以算出银河系的总质量。I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately. 我觉得我能准确预料此事的政治后果。125. calendar /klind/ n.日历,月历There was a calendar on the wall above, with large squares around the dates. 上面的墙上挂着日历,日期上画着大大的方框。126. optimistic /7ptimistik/ a. 乐观的The President says she is optimistic that an agreement can be worked out soon. 总统说她对很快达成协议持乐观态度。Im not over-optimistic about my chances of getting the job. 我对获得这份工作不抱太大希望。127. optional /pnl/ a. 可以选择的,非强制的A holiday isnt an optional extra. In this stressful, frantic world its a must. 休假并非可有可无。在这个紧张而忙碌的世界，它是必不可少的。128. outstanding /autstndi/a. 杰出的,突出的,显著的 未完成.an area of outstanding natural beauty. 自然景色美不胜收的地方The total debt outstanding is $70 billion. 未偿债务总额达700亿美元。129. export /eksp:t/ n. 出口v. 出口,输出The nation also exports beef. 该国也出口牛肉。130. import /imp:t/n.进口 v. 进口, 输入Britain last year spent nearly 5000 million more on importing food than selling abroad. 去年英国的进口食品支出比其出口食品收入多出近50亿英镑。131. impose /impuz/ vt. 把.强加给(on);采用,利用Many companies have imposed a pay freeze. 许多公司已经强制冻结了工资132. religion /rilidn/ n.宗教This guy got religion about a year back. 这家伙一年前信了教。133. religious /rilids/ adj.宗教的. She is very religious person who goes to church every Sunday. 她十分虔诚，每个星期天都上教堂。134. victim /viktim/n.牺牲品,受害者Not all the victims survived. 并非所有受害者都得以幸存。He had been the victim of a grievous injustice. 他曾遭受极不公正的待遇。135. video /vidiu/n. 电视,视频 a. 电视的,录像的We were watching videos with her. 我们当时在和她一起看录像。136. videotape/vidiuteip/n.录像磁带v. 把录在录像带上She videotaped the entire trip. 她录下了整个行程。137. offend /fend/ v.冒犯,触犯This bill offends against good sense and against justice. 该法案有悖于理智和公正。138. bother /b/ v.打搅,麻烦Nothing I do makes any difference anyway, so why bother? 既然我做什么都于事无补，我为什么还要费劲呢？Most men hate the bother of shaving. 大多数男士嫌刮胡子麻烦。139. interfere /7intfi/v.干涉,干扰,妨碍The UN cannot interfere in the internal affairs of any country. 联合国不能干涉任何国家的内政。Alexander wasnt going to let a lack of space interfere with his plans. 亚历山大不会让空间不够的问题妨碍他的计划。140. internal /7int:nl/ a. 内部的,国内的The country stepped up internal security. 该国加强了国内安保They resent foreign interference in the internal affairs of their country. 他们憎恶对他们国家内政的外来干涉。141. beforehand /bif:hnd/ ad.预先,事先 How could she tell beforehand that I was going to go out?. 她怎么会事先知道我要出去？142. racial /reil/ a.人种的,种族的the protection of national and racial minorities. 对少数民族和少数人种的保护Racial tension has reached boiling point . 种族间的紧张状态已达到一触即发的程度143. radiation /7reidiein/ n.放射物,辐射If the cancer returns, radiation therapy is successful in 90 per cent of cases. 如果癌症复发，放射性疗法有90%的治愈率。144. radical /rdikl/ a.根本的,激进的His radical views place him outside the mainstream of American politics. 他的激进观点使他脱离了美国政治的主流。145. range /reind/n. 幅度,范围v. (在某范围内)变动A wide range of colours and patterns are available. 各种颜色和样式都有。146. wonder /wnd/v.想知道,对.感到疑问 n. 惊奇,奇迹I wondered what that noise was. 我纳闷儿那是什么声音。147. isolate /aisleit/ vt.使隔离,使孤立Political influence is being used to shape public opinion and isolate critics. 政治影响正被用来左右公众舆论,使批评家们陷于孤立。Do not isolate yourself from others. 不要把自己孤立起来。148. issue /isju:/ n.问题,争论点;发行,(报刊)一期A key issue for higher education in the 1990s is the need for greater diversity of courses. 20 世纪 90 年代,高等教育的一个重要议题是要使课程更加多样化。149. hollow /hlu/ a. 空的,中空的,空虚的He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow cheeks. 他看起来很年轻，肤色黝黑，五官分明，双颊凹陷。150. hook /huk/ n. 钩 vt. 钩住One of his jackets hung from a hook. 他的一件夹克衫挂在衣钩上。151. adequate /dikwit/ a.适当的;足够的One in four people worldwide are without adequate homes. 全世界有1/4的人没有个像样的家。152. adhere /dhi/ vi. 粘附,附着;遵守,坚持All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice. 协会的所有成员都遵守一套严格的行为规范。153. ban /bn/ vt. 取缔,禁止 Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year. 加拿大将从今年晚些时候起在办公场所全面禁烟。154. capture /cpt/ vt. 俘虏,捕获The guerrillas shot down one aeroplane and captured the pilot. 游击队击落了一架飞机,并俘获了飞行员。155. valid/vlid/ a. 有效的,有根据的;正当的They put forward many valid reasons for not exporting. 他们提出了很多不出口的正当理由。156. valley /vli/ n.山谷.峡谷a small town set in a valley 坐落在溪谷中的小镇157. consistent/knsistnt/ a. 坚固的;一致的,始终如一的New goals are not always consistent with the existing policies. 新目标并不总是与现行政策一致。158. continuous /kntinjus/a. 继续的,连续(不断)的all employees who had a record of five years continuous employment with the firm. 所有在公司连续任职达5年的员工159. continual /kntinjul/ a. 不断的,频繁的They felt continual pressure to perform well. 他们不断感受到压力，促使他们好好表演。160. e