中小企业论文：安徽省中小企业信用担保机构风险研究.doc

中小企业论文：安徽省中小企业信用担保机构风险研究【中文摘要】安徽省中小企业近年来发展突飞猛进。中小企业能够积极解决就业问题,促进安徽省经济快速发展,同时作为国企有益补充等方面发挥着重要的促进作用,是安徽经济发展的重要引擎。众所周知,融资难已经是中小企业遭遇到的发展“瓶颈”。安徽省从1998年开始,越来越多为中小企业融资提供担保的信用担保机构相继发展起来。一方面有效的化解了金融机构的放贷门槛,另一方面也为银行承担了大部分或全部贷款风险。为中小企业融资问题排忧解难,作为中小企业融资的后盾保障。近年来,安徽省中小企业信用担保机构已初见规模、有效服务安徽崛起。但是风险管理是担保公司首要任务,担保公司是公认的高风险行业,所以担保公司生存和持续发展最重要的是要管理好担保风险。本文主要先从安徽省担保行业风险现状、特征分析,对现有风险进行总结。然后分析了安徽省担保行业信用风险的成因所在。主要从外部风险：信息不对称风险、法律风险、制度风险、政策风险、行业风险和内部风险：市场风险、操作风险、经营风险等两大类风险八个方面来考虑。然后分析了控制风险、分散风险、转嫁风险、降低风险来分析安徽省中小企业担保机构信用风险的对策与建议：从完善风险补偿机制、全面做好项目审查工作、注重保后企业管理、担保业务与保险业务相结合,政策扶持担保业务参保、提高担保从业人员素质和全面设置有效的风控指标、促进反担保机制发展,扩大担保新业务品种、完善相关立法,建立健全信用信息记录制度,信用激励制度,失信行为联合严惩制度、加快信用网络体系,实名制信息共享平台建设、政府部门加强监管等方面来解决风险问题。同时还可以用VaR模型来分析银行担保各自应该承担的风险份额、Zeta模型预测企业破产的可能性。【英文摘要】In recent years, small and medium enterprises develop rapidly in Anhui Province. SMEs actively solve the employment problem and to promote rapid economic development of Anhui Province,at the same time they are useful complements to other state-owned enterprises and become the most important Pushing Power to promote the economic development of Anhui. As we all know, its very difficult for SMEs to suffer from finance for the development which is its “bottleneck”. Since 1998 one after another credit guarantee institutions provide security for the financing of SMEs in Anhui Province. On the one hand they share the risk and provide more customers for the banks,on the other hand they help and back SMEs to solve the problems of financing. Today,SME credit guarantee institutions in Anhui Province has shown signs of scale and service the rise of Anhui.However,the security company is recognized as one of the high-risk industries,risk management is the primary task of security company,security company risk management is most important for survival and sustainable development ability.This article starts with the security industry risk situation in Anhui Province, characteristic analysis and summary of existing risks, then analyzes the risk of Guarantee industry in Anhui Province which causes of the credit risk. There are many risks mainly from external risks:information asymmetry risk, legal risk, institutional risk, policy risk, industry risk and internal risks:market risk,operational risk,operational risk and other risks. Then it analyzes the control of risk,spread the risk,shift the risk and reduce the risk to analyze credit risk guarantee institutions for SMEs in Anhui Province. Generally speaking,there are some countermeasures and suggestions:improving risk compensation mechanism,making the project a comprehensive review,focusing on security after the enterprise management,security operations combined with the insurance business,guaranteeing business insurance policies and improving the quality of employees and comprehensive security and effective risk control indicator set,the counter-guarantee mechanism to promote the development of new business lines to expand security,improve the relevant legislation,the establishment of a sound record of credit information system,credit incentive system,punishing acts of dishonesty joint system,speeding up the credit network system,information sharing platform for building real-name system for government departments to strengthen supervision in order to address risk issues. VaR model also can be used to analyze the bank guarantee should bear their share of the risk, Zeta model to predict the possibility of bankruptcy.【关键词】中小企业 信用担保 风险研究 风险管理【英文关键词】Small and medium enterprises Credit Guarantee Risk research Risk Management【目录】安徽省中小企业信用担保机构风险研究摘要3-4Abstract4-5目录6-8第一章 导论8-161.1 选题的背景8-91.2 论文的研究目的91.3 论文的研究意义91.4 论文的研究方法9-101.5 论文的创新点及不足10-111.6 国内外文献综述11-161.6.1 国外关于信用担保及其风险的相关文献综述11-121.6.2 国内相关信用担保及其风险的相关文献综述12-16第二章 中小企业信用担保的几个相关理论问题16-242.1 中小企业担保机构的作用16-172.2 中小企业担保体系的建立17-182.3 中小企业担保机构分类18-192.4 担保机构业务流程图19-202.5 担保风险分类和特征20-24第三章 安徽省担保行业风险现状24-283.1 安徽省担保机构发展情况24-263.2 安徽省担保行业风险问题的突出表现26-283.2.1 担保机构规范发展的基础不牢、认识不清263.2.2 担保机构、银行业金融机构的合作还不通畅26-273.2.3 监管条件和手段与监管形式不相适应273.2.4 行业发展潜伏着一定担保风险273.2.5 安徽省各个地市担保行业发展的不平衡27-28第四章 安徽省信用担保行业风险的成因分析28-374.1 外部风险分类及其原因28-324.1.1 信息不对称风险28-294.1.2 法律制度风险29-314.1.3 政策风险314.1.4 行业风险31-324.2 内部风险分类及其原因32-344.2.1 市场风险324.2.2 操作风险32-334.2.3 经营风险33-344.3 综合性风险案例的分析34-374.3.1 经营、法律、财务风险导致代偿案例分析34-354.3.2 经营、财务、信用风险导致代偿案例分析35-37第五章 降低安徽省信用担保机构风险的对策与建议37-485.1 降低外部风险的对策与建议37-405.1.1 信息不对称风险方面375.1.2 法律制度风险方面37-385.1.3 政策风险方面38-395.1.4 行业风险方面39-405.2 降低