高二英语人教版必修5练习：综合微评1含解析.doc

第一单元综合微评满分：120分时间：90分钟第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AJeffrey PBezos，the founder，president and chairman of the board of A，was born in Albuquerque，New Mexico.His mothers ancestors were early settlers in Texas，and over the generations had acquired a 25,000 acre farm at Cotulla.Jeffrey spent most summers of his youth working with his grandfather on their farm.Jeffrey showed intense and varied scientific interests at an early age.He set up an electric alarm to keep his younger sisters and brothers out of his room and changed his parents garage into a laboratory for his science projects.After he graduated from Princeton University with a degree in computer science and electrical engineering，Jeff Bezos found employment on Wall Street，where computer science was increasingly in demand to study market trends.He rose quickly，becoming a senior Vice President，and looked forward to a bright career in finance，when he made a discovery that changed his life，and the course of business history. In 1994，there was still no Internet commerce to speak of.One day that spring，Jeffrey Bezos observed that Internet usage was increasing by 2,300 percent a year.He saw an opportunity for a new circle of commerce，and immediately began considering the possibilities.Bezos founded A in l994，setting up the original company in his garage.The company was called Amazon for the seemingly endless South American river with its numberless branches.It started as an online bookstore but soon diversified to all kinds of products.His work with Amazon eventually led him to become one of the most excellent dotcom entrepreneurs(企业家)He was named Time magazines Person of the Year in 1999.In 2008，he was selected by US.News World Report as one of Americas Best Leaders.BezosAmazon has become the “Earths biggest anything store”A is now called “one of the smartest strategies in business history”Today，Jeff Bezos lives north of Seattle and is increasingly concerned with charity activities.“Giving away money takes as much attention as building a successful company，”he has said.1In his childhood，Bezos_.Ahad to work with parents on their farm all day longBshowed great interest in scienceCdidnt get along well with his brothers and sistersDwanted to become a businessman2Jeffrey changed the course of business history because he_.Arose quickly，looking forward to a bright career in finance on Wall StreetBobserved the Internet usage was increasing by 2,300% a yearCfounded a new form of commerce that developed fast laterDwas the first to speak of Internet commerce3Which of the following ISNT mentioned in the passage?AHow hard Bezos studied physics in Princeton University.B“A”only sold books in the beginning.CBezos not only devoted his life to Internet commerce but also to charity.DThe reason why Jeffery Bezos decided to found A.4It can be inferred from the passage that_.Ait was Bezoss grandfather on the farm who helped him a lotBBezos invented ecommerce to win the world fame overnightCBezos is aiming at being “Earths biggest bookstore”DBezos had a sharp business mind and a kind heart语篇解读：本篇文章主要讲述了亚马逊公司创始人和总裁杰夫贝佐斯的生平、成就以及他的贡献。1B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Jeffrey showed intense and varied scientific interests at an early age.可知贝佐斯从小就对科学感兴趣。由第一段Jeffrey spent most summers of his youth working with his grandfather on their farm.可知选项A错；原文未提及他与兄弟姐妹的关系，故选项C错误；选项D不是他小时候想做的事情。2C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段when he made a discovery that changed his life，and the course of business history.可知是他的发现改变了他的生活以及商业贸易的进程；同时根据第四段He saw an opportunity for a new circle of commerce，and immediately began considering the possibilities.可知他的发现是a new circle of commerce，因此答案为C。3A解析：细节理解题。第三段仅提到他从普林斯顿大学毕业，并未提及他在那里学习是多么努力。4D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段He saw an opportunity for a new circle of commerce，and immediately began considering the possibilities.可知他有敏锐的商业头脑；另外根据最后一段 Today，Jeff Bezos lives north of Seattle and is increasingly concerned with charity activities.可知他乐善好施。BThe worlds most unusual workplaceSEMCO has been called the worlds most unusual workplace.At this Brazilian(巴西)company in Sao Paulo，employees decide their own salaries，choose their own managers，and come and go when they want They can wear what they like and they only have to turn up for a meeting if they are interested.There are even hammocks around the offices for them to relax in.The CEO,44yearold Ricardo Semler，has broken all the traditional rules of running a business.He believes that the more freedom and trust you give your workers，the more productive and loyal they become.His ideas may seem crazy，but they work.When Semler took over the business 24 years ago，it was a small，traditional company that manufactured ship parts and was struggling to survive.Today，it has ten business areas,8,000 employees，and annual revenues(年收入)of $ 212 million.Employees work in small groups of 10 to 12 people who decide their own projects，budgets，and who they want on their team to succeed.All employees are in a profitsharing program，which encourages them to do their best for the company.Semlers attitude is that if nobody comes to a meeting，then the topic for discussion must have been a terrible idea.And if an employee wants to give himself a huge salary increase，he can，but he risks being voted off his team.As well as being able to choose their own hours，the company offers employees a “RetireaLittle”program，where they can take a day off and pay it back after they retire.There is even a “Work n Stop” program，where employees can take three years off at any time，for any reason.And for new employees，there is the “Lost in Space”program，where they can spend their first year wandering around the company deciding what they want to do.Semler himself has no office and no regular hours.He doesnt even wear a watch and thinks there should be no clear line between work and leisure.“The results are what matters，”he says，“ Not whether someone is sitting on a beach from two to four on a Monday afternoon.”5Where would you most likely find this article?AOn the front page of a newspaper.BAt a training school for CEOs.CIn a magazine about business management.DIn the textbook for college students.6Whats unusual about the workplace?AEmployees are given more power as well as freedom and trust.BAll the employees enjoy free medical care.CThe CEO observes all the traditional rules of running a business.DTheres a clear line between work and leisure for employees.7What would a SEMCO employee probably NOT be allowed to do?AMake a decision about his own project.BBe absent from meetings.CDecide on his own to fire someone.DChoose team members to work together.8In which of the following programs NEEDNT an employee start to work at once before deciding what to do in the first year of work?A“RetireaLittle”. B“ProfitSharing”C“Work n Stop”. D“Lost in Space”语篇解读：本文介绍了巴西一家特别的公司，这家公司采取的管理方式不同于传统的管理方式，它给予员工更多的自由，而不是约束。事实证明，这种管理方式也起到了好的效果。5C解析：推理判断题。根据语篇解读可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的公司管理模式。由此可推知，C项符合文意，因此选C。6A解析：细节理解题。根据第一、三两段可知，员工们拥有足够的自由、信任和选择的权利。因此选A。B项文中没有提及，也不是这家公司不寻常的地方；C项与第二段意思相反；D项是传统的管理观念，也不符合题意。7C解析：细节理解题。由第三段的第一句话可知A、D两项正确；由第三段的第三句话可知B项正确；C项在文中没有提到，因此选C。8D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句话可知选D。CMo Yan，a famous Chinese writer，became the countrys first Nobel Prize laureate in literature on October 11,2012.Born on February 17,1995，Mo Yan is his pen name，which means“dont speak”in Chinese.He is an honorary Doctor of literature of The Open University of Hong Kong and was appointed visiting professor by Qingdao University of Science Technology.Relying on a series of country literary works in the 1980s，he was classified(分类)as rootseeking writer.In 1997，he won the Literature Prize due to his famous novel Big Breast and Wide Hips(丰乳肥臀 )，with a money prize of 100,000 yuan.The movie Red Sorghum(红高粱 )，which won the 38th Berlin Film Festival Golden Bear，directed by Zhang Yimou，was adapted from Mos novel Family Stories of Red Sorghum.His first chapter book Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out(生死疲劳 )got him the Fukuoka Asian Culture Award in 2006，and Mo ranked(排名)the top twenty wealthiest Chinese writers in the same year，which attracted widespread attention throughout the country.In 2011，The Frog(蛀)won the 8th Mao Dun Literature Prize.Then Nobel Prize followed.Mos works，full of the complex emotions of homesickness and hate，are strongly influenced by magical realism and tell many tales and legends which took place in his ancestral(祖先的)home Gaomi，Shandong Province.His tales are full of mythical(神话的)meaning and the characters are well described in his books，which show us a world where truth，common sense or sympathy(同情)could not be found.Although Mos works are imaginative，people in his books often left us the impression of recklessness(鲁莽)，hopelessness and ridiculousness(滑稽)As is described in his stories，we will feel virtue battles cruelty.The Swedish Academy described Mos works as “hallucinatory(幻觉的)realism merging(结合)folk tales，history and contemporary ”9Whats the main idea of the passage?AThe brief introduction of Mo Yan.BThe works of Mo Yan.CThe award of Mo Yan.DThe fame of Mo Yan.10Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?AMo Yan is the first to win the Nobel Prize.BRed Sorghum was adapted from Mos novel.CRed Sorghum won a prize of 100,000 yuan.DBig Breast and Wide Hips won the 8th Mao Dun Literature Prize.11From the passage，we can conclude that_.AMo Yan is a professor of Qingdao University of Science TechnologyBMo Yan was classified as rootseeking writer in 1970CMo Yan was the wealthiest Chinese writerDMo Yans stories were set in his hometown语篇解读：本文是对莫言的生平及其主要作品的简介。9A解析：主旨大意题。由全文内容可了解到，本文是对莫言的生平及其主要作品的简介，因此A项正确。B、C、D三项分别是文章中所涉及的一部分，其范围小了，并非本文的主旨。10B解析：细节理解题。由第二段中The movie Red Sorghum.was adapted from Mos novel.可知B项正确。由第一段中.became the countrys first Nobel Prize laureate in literature.可知A项少了范围，因此错误；由第二段中.Big Breast and Wide Hips，with a money prize of 100,000 yuan.可看出C项张冠李戴，因此错误；由第二段中The Frog won the 8th Mao Dun Literature Prize.可看出D项与C项属于同一错误。11D解析：推理判断题。由第一段中.was appointed visiting professor.可判断出A项错误；由第二段中.in the 1980s，he was classified as rootseeking writer.可判断出B项错误；由第二段中.Mo ranked the top twenty wealthiest Chinese writers可判断出C项错误；由第三段中.tales and legends which took place in his ancestral home Gaomi，可判断出其故事背景在他的家乡，因此D项正确。DArgentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place.Around 1870，it was experiencing an economic(经济的)boom，and the capital，Buenos Aires，attracted many people.Farmers，as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy，came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs.These jobs didnt pay well，and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance known as the tango(探戈舞)came into being.At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes.It was danced in the bars and streets.At that time there were many fewer women than men，so if a man didnt want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women.Gradually，the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.In Europe at this time，strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning.This interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris.Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞)to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters.After tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe，they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes.Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.The popularity(流行)of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world.Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America.It reached Japan in 1926，and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador，and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.12The origin of the tango is associated with_.Abelly dancersB American soldiersCa Spanish cityDthe capital of Argentina13Which of the following is true about the tango?AIt was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.BPeople of the upper classes loved the tango most.CIt was often danced by two males in the beginning.DA dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.14Before World War I，the tango spread to_.AAmerica BJapanCFrance DSouth Korea15What can be the best title for the text?AHow to Dance the TangoBThe History of the TangoGHow to Promote the TangoDThe Modern Tango Boom语篇解读：本文为说明文。题材为介绍说明类。本文简要介绍了探戈舞的起源和发展。12D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知选D项。13C解析：细节理解题。由第二段第三句话“.so if a man didnt want to be left out，.”(因此如果一位男士不想被落下，他唯一的选择就是和一位男士跳舞来吸引为数不多的女性的注意。)可知选C项。14C解析：细节理解题。第三段中提到探戈舞传到巴黎，所以选C项(法国)。15B解析：主旨大意题。从第一段讲探戈舞的形成，到后面它的传播发展，可以得知B项(探戈舞的发展历史)为最佳标题。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。UrbanizationUntil relatively recently，the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago._16_ In fact，nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning._17_The process of urbanizationthe migration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization，which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1900，fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today，over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms._18_Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized Even in advanced agricultural societies，it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities._19_Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants，laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries，the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country._20_ Today，instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people，one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.AThat kept cities very small.BThe rest live in small towns.CThe effects of urban living on people should be considered.DSoon many other industrial nations became urban societies.EBut even 200 years ago，only a few people could live in cities.FModernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材为社会与热点，主要讲述了城市化的进程。16E解析：第一段主要讲述了在过去城市非常少，大多数人都是住在农场或乡村里，根据主旨可知应选择E项。17D解析：空格前一句中的beginning与D项中的soon相对应，英国只是个开始，之后一些其他的国家也开始成为城市化的社会，故选择D项。18B解析：空格所在的段落通过列举数据来体现现在城市化的扩大，绝大多数的美国人住在城市里，少部分住在农场里，因此此空说明剩下的人居住在何地，故选择B项。19A解析：此空之前在阐述过去为什么城市不可能大的原因，因此A项与前面的意思对应。20F解析：空格前一句阐述工业革命打破了此前城市和乡村的这种平衡，因此空格处是对前一句内容的进一步阐述，因此选择F项。第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，在短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Wanted：ViolinCant pay muchCall.”Why did I notice that? I wondered, since I rarely looked at the classified ads.I laid the paper on my lap and closed my eyes，remembering what had happened during the Great Depression，when my family _21_ to make a living on our farm.I，too，had wanted a violin，but we didnt have the _22_.When my older twin sisters began showing an interest in music，Harriet Anne learned to play Grandmas upright piano，_23_ Suzanne turned to Daddys violin，simple tunes soon became _24_ melodies as the twins played more and more._25_ in the rhythm of the music，my baby brother danced around while Daddy hummed(哼唱) and Mother whistled.I just _26_.When my arms grew _27_ enough，I tried to play Suzannes violin.I loved the beautiful sound drawn across the strings.Oh，how I wanted one！But I knew it was _28_ the question.One evening as the twins played in the school orchestra，I closed my eyes tight to capture the picture firmly in my _29_.“Someday，Ill sit up there.”I vowed(发誓)_30_.Unfortunately，it was not a _31_ year.At harvest the crops did not bring as much as we had hoped.I，however，couldnt _32_ any longer to ask，“Daddy，may I have a violin of my own？”“Cant you use Suzannes？”“Id like to be in the orchestra, too, and we cant _33_ use the same violin at the same time.”Daddys face looked _34_.That night，and many following nights，I heard him _35_ God in our family devotions：“.and Lord，Mary Lou wants her _36_ violin.”One evening we all sat around the table.The twins and I studied.Mother sewed and Daddy wrote a letter to his friend，George Finkle，in Columbus.Mr Finkle，Daddy said，was a fine violinist.As he wrote，Daddy read _37_ of his letter out loud to Mother.Weeks later I _38_ hed written one line he didnt read aloud：“Would you watch for a _39_ for