2019版高考英语大二轮复习 第二部分 阅读理解 15 生态环保类课件.ppt

专题十五生态环保类,-2-,(2018全国D)Wemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.Thatsbadnewsfortheenvironmentandourwalletsastheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.,-3-,Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslifefromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.,-4-,Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekidsroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.Werenotjustkeepingtheseolddeviceswecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbittsteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.,-5-,Sowhatsthesolution(解决方案)?Theteamsdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforworldprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.,-6-,32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.33.WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopputer.,-7-,35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.,-8-,【文章结构】,-9-,【难点分析】Theteamsdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforworldprocessingandTVviewing.这个团队的数据仅仅是到2007年,但是研究人员也在探讨,如果消费者用像兼有文字处理和电视观看功能的直板电脑一样的多功能电子产品替换旧产品的话,将会发生什么样的情况?分析:whatwouldhappenifconsumersreplaced.是虚拟语气,使得作者的表述语气委婉。,-10-,【语篇导读】本文是议论文。当我们购买了新的电子设备时,我们仍然使用旧的电子设备。其实,旧电子设备耗费的能源比新设备要多,从而损害我们的环境、浪费我们的金钱。32.A推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Thatsbadnewsfortheenvironmentandourwalletsastheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings”可知,过时的设备要比新设备消耗更多的能源,因此可推测出新设备对环境有好处。33.D细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbitt.trackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife”可知,Babbitt和她的同事做这项研究是为了发现这些设备所消耗的能量,所以选D项。,-11-,34.B细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句“Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%”可知,B项使用的能量最少。35.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Wemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnology.”以及第三段中的“Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntthrowoutouroldones”可知,文章建议人们不要再使用旧的电子设备。,-12-,A(2018北京朝阳二模)DearKoko,Ivelearnedaboutyoufrommyamazingteacher.Ithinkitsfunthatyoucanmunicatewithushumansbyusingthesignlanguage.Ivespentalotoftimewatchingyouindifferentvideosandloveyoufromthebottomofmyheart.,-13-,Itsheartbreakingtolearnaboutallofthecruelthingsdonetogorillas(大猩猩).InAfrica,forexample,thekillersusegunstokillyourfellowsformeat.Theydontunderstandtheinfluencetheiractionsarehavingongorillas.Anotherthingisthelossofgorillasnaturalhome,whichiscausedbytheimprovedinfrastructuresuchasbuildingroadsandairports.Whenwecutdowntrees,youbeehomeless.Wetakeawayyourshelterandsourcesoffood,leavingyouwithverylittlechanceofsurvival.,-14-,Someofmyclassmatesarewritingtotherelevantdepartmentsabouttheseseriousproblems.Hopefullytheseletterswillmakeadifferenceduringyourlifetime.Overthepastthreemonths,myclasshasbeenresearchingongorillas,andIvelearnedsomanythings.Forexample,Ivelearnedthatyouhavealotoffeelingssimilartomineandyouarealwayssocarefulwitheverythingyoudo.Ithinkthatyouarereallyworthsaving.Weveeupwithmanyideastohelpyouandyourfellows.OneofthebestideasistomunicatewiththePresidentoftheWorldBankandhavehimgivemorefinancialsupporttotheorganizationsforgorillas.Anotherideaistomakepubliclawsonthekillers.Ialsothinkweneedtokeepeducatingpeopleaboutgorillas.,-15-,Ilovewritingtoyouandhopeyoucanunderstandhowimportantyouvebeetoourclass.Woulditbetoomuchtoaskforareturnletter?,【语篇解读】本文是写给大猩猩的一封信,信中讲述了大猩猩当前的悲惨遭遇及人类采取的保护措施。,-16-,1.Accordingtothepassage,Kokoisprobably.A.akillerofgorillasB.amemberofthegorillafamilyC.anexpertongorillasD.agovernorinchargeofgorillas,答案,解析,-17-,2.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthesecondparagraph?A.Theproblemsgorillasfaceatpresent.B.Thedangergorillascauseforhumans.C.Theuniquecharacteristicgorillashave.D.Thenaturalenvironmentgorillaslivein.,答案,解析,-18-,3.Whichofthefollowingistheauthorssuggestionaccordingtothispassage?A.Gorillasshouldbeprotectedinnaturereserves.B.Killersforgorillasshouldbelegallyresponsible.C.Organizationsshouldbesetuptoprotectgorillas.D.Peopleshouldmakedonationstogorillaprotection.,答案,解析,-19-,B(2018河北石家庄二模)Thoughtheharmfuleffectsofplasticonwildlifeandhumanhealtharewell-documented,thismaterialishardtoavoid.Nearlyeverythingwetouch,fromgrocerybagstodrinkbottles,tofoodpackaging,containsplastic.Now,AmsterdamsEkoplazasupermarketismakingitalittleeasierforconsumerstoreduceconsumptionofsingle-useplasticbagsandcontainers,whichareblockingourlandfillsatalarmingrates,withaspecialplastic-freeaisle(通道).Believedtobetheworldsfirst,theaislehas700productsonsaleincludingrice,beans,yogurt,chocolatemilk,cereal,snacksandmeat.,-20-,Whileitemsstillrequirepackaging,everythingishousedinsidereusableorrecyclablecontainersmadeofglass,metalorcardboard.Theuniqueideawasgiventothegrocery-chainofficialsbyUK-basedenvironmentalgroupAPlasticPlanet,whichtakestheleadtoadvocateforatleastoneplastic-freeaisleinsupermarketsaroundtheglobe.Thenon-profithasevencreatedasignature“plastic-free”marktohelpconsumersidentifyeco-friendlypackaging.“Thisisaconsumer-ledcampaign,”saidagroupco-founderSianSutherland.“Wereagrassrootsorganization.Soobviouslywereworkingwithindustryandthegovernment,butmostimportantly,werepresentthepublic.”,-21-,Ekoplaza,whichplanstorollouttheplastic-freeaislesacrossits74storesbytheendoftheyear,isnottheonlypanytryingtoreduceplasticwaste.InBerlin,theOriginalUnverpacktgrocerystorehasbeentryingtochangecustomerhabitssince2014bysellingeverything,fromgrainstoproduceandevensoapswithoutplasticpackaging.Thesupermarket,whichrequirescustomerstobringtheirownreusablecontainers,evensellschewabletoothpastethatneedsnotubes.Thoughitisencouragingtoseepaniestryingtomakeadifference,forrealchangetohappen,consumershavetoavoidproductsencasedinplastics,evenifitmeansgivinguptheirfavoritefoodordrink.AsSutherlandputit,“Plasticfoodanddrinkpackagingremainsusefulandyetadestructive