高考英语复习高考英语词汇题及详解一.doc

1.Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_.A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered答案D.considered注释considered考虑;admit承认;absorb吸收。注意acknowledge1)(=agreeoradmitthetruthof;confess)承认,供认;A.Heacknowledgedhismistake.(他承认了他的错误。)B.接动名词Heacknowledgedhavingbeenbeaten.(他承认被打败了。)2)(expressthanksfor)致谢;A.Maryacknowledgedthegiftwithapleasantletter.(玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。)B.Hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.(向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。)2.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents_.A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise答案C.consent注释consent同意,赞成,答应。conviction深信,确信。compromise妥协,折中。command命令,指令;掌握,运用能力。3.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.A.powerfulB.influentialC.monstrousD.vigorous答案A.powerful注释powerful(=havingorproducinggreatpower)强有力的。在这里四个形容词中,只有powerful(有效力的)可与表示药物的名词搭配。influential有影响的,有势力的,monstrous异常大的,vigorous精力旺盛的,强健有力的。4.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_inthewoodsoffthehighway.A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scatteredD.rejected答案B.abandoned注释abandoned(=giveupcompletely)放弃,抛弃;1)Thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.2)Thesailorsabandonedtheburningship注意abandon暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣,如把撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。vanish(=suddenlydisappear;gooutofexistence)vi.消失,绝迹;1)Theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)Manykindsofanimalshavevanishedformtheearth.(许多种类的动物以在地球上绝迹。)scatter(=send,goindifferentdirection)驱使,使分散;Thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驱散人群。)(=throworputinvariousdirections)撒,到处放;Hescatteredhisclothesallovertheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept)拒绝接受;Sherejectedmysuggestion5.Henrysnewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_thatnothinghadbeenomitted.A.understandingB.comprehensibleC.comprehensiveD.understandable答案C.comprehensive.注释comprehensive完全的无所不包的;comprehensible能懂的,可以理解的;understandable可以理解的,主要用来指人的行为。understanding用来指人时,表示善于理解别人或别人问题的(人)。注意下面的搭配：acomprehensivemap(街区详图);acomprehensibleremark(听得懂的话),anunderstandablemistake(可以理解的错误);anunderstandingfriend(一位能理解人的朋友)。6.Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher_toScotland.A.ticketB.placeC.seatD.connection答案D.connection注释loseonesconnectionto误了到.地方去的(汽车、火车、轮船的)联运;ThetrainwaslateandImissedmyconnection.7.Theshipwas_inastormoffJamaica.A.drownedB.sunkC.wreckedD.submitted答案C.wrecked注释wreckvt.撞坏,毁坏;1)Mysonwreckedmycar.2)Mycarwascompletelywreckedintheaccident.sinkvt.下沉,沉没,该动词也可作及物动词用,意为“使下沉”,但按本题句意看,用被动语态不妥。drown溺死,淹死：(vt.)Hedrownedhiswife.(vi)Hedrownedintheriver.(他在河里淹死了。)submit1)(=putoneselfunderthecontrolofanother)提交,呈送(to)：Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?(妻子应顺从他丈夫吗？)2)(=putforwardforoption,discussion,decisionect.)提出(供评论、讨论决定等)Youmustsubmityourrequesttothecommittee.3)(=surrender(to),givein)屈服,投降：Afterbeingdefeated,theysubmittedtotheenemy.(打败后,他们向敌人投降了。)8.Noonehas_beenabletotracetheauthorofthepoem.A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.just答案B.yet注释yet常用于现在完成时的否定句中,意为“尚,还”。9.Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,_inSanFrancisco.A.previouslyB.predominantlyCpracticallyD.permanently答案B.predominantly.注释predominantly(=mostly;mainly)主要地。previously(=comingearlierintimeororder)先前,早先;Thisisbetterthananysolutionpreviously.(这个办法比以前提出的任何解决办法都好。)practically(=really;inapracticalway)实际上。permanently(=goingonforalongtime)永久地。本题译文：在美国,华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲,其中主要是在旧金山。10.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.A.conciseB.clearC.preciseD.elaborate答案A.concise.注释concise(=brief;givingmuchinformationinfewwords)简明扼要的：Hegaveaconcisereportofthemeeting.(他对会议作了简明扼要的报道。)clear清楚的。precise(=exact;correctlystated;freeformerror)精确的,明白无误的;Pleasetellmetheprecisemeasurements.(请告诉我精确的尺寸。)elaborate(=workedoutwithmuchcare;carefullyprepared)精心制作的,丰盛的：Peterworkedoutanelaborateschemeforraisingthemoney.(彼得制定了一项详尽得计划来筹集着笔款项。)孤立地看,似乎4个形容词均能修饰report,但从句子的逻辑关系看,后半句中有onlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails,故concise是最贴切的选择了。11.Themanagingdirectortookthe_fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.A.guiltB.chargeC.blameD.accusatio答案C.blame.注释taketheblamefor对.承担责任。Takechargeof负责管理(照顾)。注意charge前无冠词the.12.Theworkeragreedto_thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.A.callforB.callforthC.calloffD.callup答案C.calloff注释详见III,25,26注释。13.Icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldnt_whatcoloritwas.A.lookoutB.makeoutC.getacrossD.takeafter答案B.makeout注释详见III,123注释。14.Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_heissoontobepromoted.A.eventuallyB.yetC.finallyD.accordingly答案D.accordingly.注释accordingly(=forthatreason,therefore)因此,所以。15.Itwasagreat_forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidntlike.A.attemptB.troubleC.powerD.effort答案D.effort.注释effort(作可数名词用)(=vigorousattempt)努力的尝试：Doesitrequireagreateffortofwilltogiveupsmoking?(戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗？)16.Thefiremenmanagedto_thefireintime.A.extinguishB.preventC.suppressD.ruin答案A.extinguish.注释extinguish(=putout)vt.扑灭(火焰等)。Stopthefire虽然也可以搭配,但按本句题意用extinguish为最佳。17.WhatismostobviousinthisbookareallthosedetailsofdailylivingwhichmakeMrs.Richard_common.A.nothingbutB.anythingbutC.aboveallD.ratherthan答案B.anythingbut.注释anythingbut(=farfrombeing)根本不;Theboysknewtheybadbrokentherules,andtheywereanythingbuthappywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.(=Theywereunhappyandafraid.)nothingbut只不过;Donthavehimforafriend;hesnothingbutacriminal.(不要把他当朋友,他只不过是个罪犯。)Ihavenothingbuttwodollars.(我只有2美元。)aboveall最重要的。ratherthan而不是18.Thecarwascompletely_andthedriverseriouslyinjured.A.brokenoffB.takenoffC.writtenoffD.pickedup答案C.writtenoff.注释writeoff报废,参看III,200.注释;breakoff参看III.13.注释;takeoff参看III.170.注释;pickup参看III.130,129.注释。19.Onthishappyoccasion,Idliketosaythatweare_muchobligedtoyouforyourkindcooperation.A.evensoB.eversoC.asyetD.sofar答案B.everso.注释everso(=very)非常;Itseversocold.与名词搭配时则用eversuch,如：Sheseversuchanicegirl.(她是一位非常好的姑娘。)evenso(=althoughthatistrue,nevertheless;still)即使如此：Thefirewasout,butevenso,thesmellofsmokewasstrong.(=Thefirewasout,butthesmellwasstillthere.)20.Hisnewappointmenttakes_fromthebeginningofnextmonth.A.placeB.effectC.postD.office、答案B.effect.注释takeeffect生效。21.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_himofspeeding.A.chargedB.accusedC.blamedD.deprived答案B.accused.注释accusesb.of.控告某人犯有.,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有.deprivesb.ofsth.剥夺某人某事。chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有杀人罪)。22.Mr.Smithgradually_aknowledgeofthesubject.A.attainedB.achievedC.requiredD.acquired答案D.acquired.注释acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byonesowneffortsorbehavior)(由技术、能力、努力或行为)获得;得到：HehasacquiredagoodcommandofEnglishlanguage.(他已精通英语。)achieve,vt.取得(胜利、成功等),实现(目标、目的等)。attain,vt.达到(目的等),取得(成就等)：1)Ihopeyouwillattainyourobject.(我希望你会达到你的目的。)2)Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.23.Thisisthe_pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.A.actualB.genuineC.realD.original答案A.actual注释本题中actual(=existinginfact,notimaginary)实际使用过的。actual,read,genuine是同义词,有时可以互换,如：anactual(orreal)eventinhistory,(历史上的真实事件),real(orgenuine)banknotes(真钞票),其反义词是false(假的);original(原来的),其反义词是duplicate(复制的)。从不同的角度看,似乎任何一个选择都说得过去,但按照题意选A.actual最佳,因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假,而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。本题译文：这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。24.Mycameracanbe_totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.A.treatedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.remedied答案C.adjusted.注释adjust(=arrange,putinorderoragreement;makesuitableorconvenientforuse)强调,调节,使适应;Thebodyadjustsitselftochangeoftemperature.(身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。)Myeyeshavenotbeenadjustedtodarkyet.(我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。)本句中adjust是不及物动词。Imustadjustmywatch.Itsslow.(我必须调一下我的表。它走得慢了。)25.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe_ofmaturity.A.fulfillmentB.achievementC.establishmentD.accomplishment答案B.achievement注释achievement(=somethingsuccessfullyfinishedorgainedespeciallythroughskillandhardwork)取得,达到,成就。例如：achievementage智力成熟年龄。fulfilment(=theactoffulfillingorconditionofbeingfulfilled)履行,实行。如：Hewaswillingtofaceanyhardshipinfulfilmentofhisduties.(他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责。)establishment建立,建设。Accomplishment(顺利)完成：Itwasagreataccomplishmenttofinishthehousecleaningintwodays.(两天内打扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起的事。)26.Thenumberoftickets_willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.A.adaptableB.acceptableC.advisableD.available答案D.available.注释available.(=capableofbeingused;thatmaybeobtained)可用的,有效的,可得到的。例如：1)Therearenodoctorsavailableintheremoteareas.(在边远地区没有大夫。)2)Thereticketsareavailableforonmonth.(这些票有效期一个月。)acceptable可以接受的：Noneofthesuggestionswasacceptable.advisable明智的,可取的,适当的：Ithinkitadvisablethathebeassignedtothejob.(我认为指派他干这项工作是可取的。)adaptable能适应的：Heisanadaptablemanandwillsoonlearnthenewwork.27.Toomanyhotelshavebeenbuiltandthishas_prices,makingholidayscheaper.A.cutshortB.cutoutC.cutoffD.cutdown答案D.cutdown.注释cutdown参阅III,38注释。28.Heisaveryhonestofficialandnever_anygiftsfromthepeoplewhosoughthishelp.A.acceptedB.receivedC.tookupD.excepted答案A.accepted注释receive收到,接到,指“收,接”这一动作;而accept是经过考虑“接受”下来,表示当事人的态度,如：Ireceivedthepresent,butIdidnotacceptit.(我收到了这件礼物,但我没有接受。)29.Hewasnot_totheclubbecausehewasntamember.A.allowedB.admittedC.permittedD.approved答案B.admitted.注释admitsb.to(=allowsb.orsth.toenter;letin)允许某人某物进入;让.进入：1)Childrenarenotadmitted.(儿童免进。)Onlyonehundredboysareadmittedtotheschooltheschooleveryyear.(这所学校每年只收100名男生。)admit(=acknowledge;confess)承认,供认：1)Wehavetoadmitthatheisahighlycompetentman.(我们不得不承认他是一位能力很强的人。)2)Thethiefadmittedhiscrime.3)Sheadmittedhavingreadtheletter,4)Iadmitbreakingthewindow.注意admit后可接动名词的一般式或完成式。5)Wemustadmitthetasktobedifficult。注意admit也可以接复合结构。allow和permit后均可接sb.todosth.,故不合本题题意。approvesth.批准;approveofdoingsth.(=thinkwellof)赞成,赞许：1)Iamafraidtheywontapproveofyourgoingthere.(恐怕他们不会赞成你去那里的。)2)Idontapproveofyourwayoflookingatthings.(我不赞同你看待事情的方法。)30.Althoughhedoesntlikethatlaw,hewill_withit.A.confineB.conformC.complyD.contend答案C.comply注释complywith遵守。31.Motorists_ofspeedingmaybebannedfromdrivingforayear.A.convictedB.arrestedC.chargedD.judged答案A.convicted.注释beconvictedto被判有.(罪)：Hewasconvictedofmurder.(他被法院判有谋杀罪。)32.Thereasonwhyheadaptedtothenewsituationsquicklyisthathehasa_attitude.A.changeableB.alternateC.movableD.flexible答案D.flexible.注释flexible灵活的,可变通的;Weneedaforeignpolicythatismoreflexible.33.Willallthose_theproposalraisetheirhands?A.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoD.infavorof答案D.infavorof.注释infavorof赞成。inexcessof超过。inrelationto关系到。incontrastto与.相对照。例如：1)Everyoneintheclassvotedinfavoroftheparty.(=Allofthechildrenvotedtohaveaparty.)2)Wegot$5000inexcessofthefixedsum.(我们盯定额多收入5000美元。)3)Thisappearssmallincontrastto(with)that.(这个同那个对比起来显得小了。)4)Ihavealottosayinrelationtothataffair.(我对那件事有许多话要说。)5)Wemustplanin(with)relationtothefuture.(我们定计划时要考虑到将来。)本题译文：请所有赞成此项建议的人举手。34.Anearlytypewriterproducedlettersquicklyandneatly;thetypist,_couldntseehisworkonhismachine.A.howeverB.thereforeC.yetD.although答案A.however.注释however然而。本题译文：早期的打字机打起字来又快又整齐,然而打字员不能看着机器键盘打字。35.Weareinterestedintheweatherbecauseit_ussodirectly-whatwewear,whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.A.benefitsB.guidesC.affectsD.effects答案C.affects.注释affect(=haveaninfluenceoreffecton)影响：Theclimateaffectedhishealth.(气候影响损害了他的健康。)注意affectvt.影响。effectn.(=influent)影响,作用：Somefilmshaveamisleadingeffectonchildren.effectvt.(=bringabout)实行,进行,产生.后果:1)Iwilleffectmypurpose:no-oneshallstopme!2)Wehopetoeffectanimprovement.(我们希望能引起改进。)注意两个常用的习语:1)tothateffect那个意思的(话)：Shesaidshehatedspinach,orwordstothateffect.(她说她不喜欢吃菠菜或那个意思的话。)2)totheeffectthat.意思时说,表示下述意思：Isaidafewwordstheeffectthatallhehadtolduswasalreadywellknown.(我说了几句话,意思是说他告诉我们的一切都已众所周知。)36.Icanmeetyouateightoclock;_youcancallforme.A.incidentallyB.actuallyC.alternativelyD.accordingly答案C.alternatively注释alternatively(=asanalternative)作为一个替代办法：Ifhoweverisused,butisnotneeded;oralternativelyomithowever.(如果使用however,就不需要but;或者作为一个替代办法省去however。)注意alternately和alternatively的区别:alternately(交替地)：AtaChinesedinner,theguestsandthehostssitalternatelyataroundtable.37.Hehasthe_ofanathlete:hereallygoesallouttowin.A.instantsB.instancesC.instinctsD.intelligences答案C.instincts.注释instinct天生的本领。instantn.瞬间,时刻;adj.立即的,直接的。如：instantcoffee速溶咖啡;instantfood(s)方便食品。例如：Spaceshipsarestockedwithavarietyofinstantfoods.(宇宙飞船上备有各种个样的方便食品。)38.Auniversityisaneducationalinstitutionwhich_degreesandcarriesoutresearch.A.rewardsB.awardsC.grantsD.presents答案B.awards.注释awardssb.sth.授于某人某物。如：TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.(他们授于约翰一等奖。)对比：rewardsbwithsth.以某物酬谢某人,须加介词with;Theyrewardedtheboywith$5forbringingbackthelostdog.(他们给这男孩5美元酬谢他把丢失的狗找回来。)grant(=consenttogiveorallowwhatisaskedfor)同意(给予),答应(请求)：Thefirmgrantedhimapension.(公司同意给予他退休金。)presentsb.withsth.赠送：Ourclasspresentedtheschoolwithapicture.(我们班给学校送了一幅画。)present颁发,呈递：1)Theprincipalwillpresentthediplomas.(校长将颁发文凭。)2)WeshallpresentacompletereporttotheAnnualConference.(我们将向年会递交一份全面的报告。)本题句意是：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。可见,本题应选award.39.Theoldladycanthopeto_hercoldinafewdays.A.getoverB.getoffC.holdbackD.holdup答案A.getover注释参阅III,55注释。40.Jimsplanstogotocollege_atthelastmoment.A.felloutB.gaveawayC.gaveoffD.fellthrough答案D.fellthrough，未能实现注释参阅III,49注释。41.TheDepartmentisalsodeeply_invariousimprovementschemes.A.connectedB.includedC.involvedD.implied答案C.involved.注释beinvolvedin参与。Beincludedin包括在.中。42.Keysshouldneverbehiddenaroundthehousesincethieves_knowwheretolook.A.virtuallyB.variouslyC.unavoidablyD.invariably答案D.invariably.注释invariably总是,不变地。Virtually事实上,实际上。unavoidably不可避免地。43.Theboyhada_escapewhenheranacrosstheroadinfrontofthebus.A.closeB.shortC.narrowD.fine答案C.nar