《英语》(新标准)初二下册教材分析与教学建议.doc

英语（新标准）初二下册教材分析与教学建议佟裕功Part 1 General analysisI. Teaching / learning contentI) Theme-based 1. Module Topics (input) 1) Hobbies 2) Friendship 3) On the radio 4) New technology 5) Problems 6) Entertainment7) Time off 8) Public holidays 9) Heroes 10）My perfect holiday2. Module Tasks (output)1)Making a hobby questionnaire 2)Making a poster about friendship3) Making a school radio programme4) Writing instructions5) Writing a problem page for a magazine 6) Writing an entertainment review7) Writing a leaflet for a trip8) Writing about a Chinese holiday9) Writing about a hero10) Writing about your perfect holidayII) Multi-syllabus 1. Vocabulary Book 4269 Book 1-31328 Book 1-41597 (1533 words, 164 phrases)2. Grammar 1) Part of speech and sentence components 2) Objective clauses 3) The use of infinitive and gerund 4) Adverbial clause of condition (1) 5) Adverbial clause of condition (2) 6) Direct and indirect speeches (indicative) 7) Direct and indirect speeches (questions and instructions) 8) Adverbial clause of time 9) Adverbial clause of cause, purpose and result 10) The use of would for imaginary situations3. Pronunciation1) Pronunciation training 2) Intonation training 3) Speaking practice4. Strategy (Learning to learn) 1) Vocabulary learning: changing forms and similar meanings 2) Reading skill: the focus in a reading passage 3) Reading skill: sequence of events in a story 4) Writing skill: the way to make instructions clear 5) Structure learning: learning through comparison 6) Solving understanding problems: the use of reported speech 7) Writing skill: the beginning and the end a letter 8) Reading skill: the way to get more information about a topic 9) Listening skill: general comprehension of a listening passage 10) Writing skill: the scaffolding to construct an article5. Culture (Around the world)1) An interest in history 2) Pen friends3) The clock work radio4) An Internet caf5) Problem page 6) New pop stars7) The Lake District National Park8) Public holidays9) A famous British nurse10) People going on holiday6. Colloquialism (Everyday English) 1) Expressions to call attention 2) Giving advice, suggestion, precaution and encouragement, etc 3) Inquiry 4) Expressing opinions 5) Expressing wishes and excitementII. New characteristicsIn general 1. Less language knowledge vocabularygrammar items Book 1284+18910 Book 24288 Book 34356Book 42695 2. More language skill training 3. More frequent consolidation practice 4. More scientific tips of learning strategy 5. More useful information about cultureUnit 1 1. Complicated but idiomatic dialogues 2. Frequent repetition of key structures 3. Practice through imitationUnit 2 1. More practical reading materials 2. More systematic training of reading strategies 3. More effective training of writing skillsUnit 3 1. Full of grammar and vocabulary practice 2. Plenty of listening and reading training 3. Well-designed module tasksWorkbook 1. Grammar practice focusing on consolidation 2. Vocabulary practice in more situational context 3. Listening and pronunciation practice to cultivate the language sense 4. Reading, speaking and writing to train integrated ability 5. Self-assessment to improve learning strategyIII. Teaching / learning skillsUnit 1 1. Listening comprehension from general to detailed 2. Introduction of the main structures through repetition 3. Command of the key structures through communication 4. Reproduction of the conversation through imitationUnit 2 1. General comprehension of the passage through fast reading 2. Good consolidation of the passage through reading aloud 3. Sentence level output through questions and answers 4. Passage level output through retelling or oral composition 5. Careful study of language points through self-teaching 6. Frequent practice of key points through substitution 7. Writing tasks of similar topics through imitationUnit 3 1. Revision of the target language learned in previous units 2. Consolidation of structures through oral and written practice 3. Listening and speaking practice to improve integrated ability 4. Reading and writing practice to improve integrated ability 5. General use of the target language through the module taskWorkbook 1. All exercises can be done at the proper time in the learning process to meet the need of the content of each unit. 2. Exercises for grammar and vocabulary can be done before class and must be checked in class, and any kind of mistake is to be corrected. 3. Its better to do listening and reading practice in class and results must be discussed on the spot. 4. Speaking and writing practice can be prepared before class and must be checked in class.V. Preparation for testsI) Knowledge learning1. Vocabulary 1) Learning words on different levels Mastery levelboldface222 Understanding level normally-printed47 Not included in the Curriculum Standard24 believablebetcable creativedishonestenjoyment fightingmicrophonemobycard newsreaderoutdoorpirate playbackprofessionalresolution romanticsolossh teenageunpaiduntidy waterfallworkshopwow2) Learning various meanings of words 3) Learning various functions of words2. Grammar 1) The command of objective clause: kinds, tenses and word order 2) The command of direct speech and indirect speech: indicative, interrogative and imperative 3) The command of infinitive and gerund: verbs followed by to do, verbs followed by doing and verbs followed by to and doing 4) The command of adverbial clause: time, condition, cause, purpose and result 5) The use of modal verb wouldII) Skills training 1. Listening 1) Strict training to improve hearing 2) Careful analysis for accurate comprehension 3) Instant reproduction to improve pronunciation and intonation 2. Speaking 1) Practicing functional patterns2) Learning idiomatic expressions 3) Creating authentic conversations 3. Reading 1) Strict training to improve reading skills 2) Careful study to command language points 3) Reproduction practice to learn writing strategies 4. Writing 1) Sentence level to consolidate structures 2) Passage level to improve writing strategies 3) Self evaluation to correct mistakesIII) Strategy forming1. Discussion of the learning notes2. Practical use in the learning process 3. Periodical summary for further developmentIV) Culture accumulating1. Comprehension of the cultural notes2. Discussion of similar topics in real life 3. Attempt to solve problems with the help of cultural knowledgePart 2 Detailed explanationModule 1Unit 1 Drilling: Activity 3 and 7 Key points: P2 collect, tidy up, take up, a bit, fifty or sixty, you know, make sb. + adj., listen to sb. do sth., at the end of Difficult sentences: P3 Whats happening on Friday? (future tense) Im giving an interview on Starsearch! (future tense) Youre going to be really famous! (possibility) Suggestion: Its better to make the situation clear when we come across a complicated conversation.Unit 2 Drilling: Activity 2 and 3 Key points: P 4 such as, make sb, do sth., help sb. do sth., as well as, workshop, come out, as a book, as a result, spend time doing sth., in the future, spend time on sth. Difficult sentence: P4 Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills. As well as the usual activities, such as sailing, climbing and mountain biking, there was a writing workshop with a professional writer. David has been very lucky because his hobby has brought him enjoyment and success, but he is also interested in many other things. Its sometimes difficult to remember that we shouldnt spend all our time on our favourite hobby. Suggestion: Sometimes analyzing the structure of a difficult sentence may help the students understand it better.Unit 3 Focus : Part of speech and sentence componentsDrilling: Activity 1 and 2 Key points: P 6 in life, make sb. sth., save money Suggestion: Its necessary to spend some time help the students learn part of speech and sentence components.Module 2Unit 1 Drilling: Activity 3 Key points: P 10 hold the line, right now, take a message, whetheror not, in fact, a couple of, miss, close friends, different from, feel like, be part of, sometime Difficult sentences: P 10 I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries. What does it feel like? My visit here is all about making friends. P 11 Sally thinks that the word foreigner isnt very friendly. Colloquialism: P 10 OK, here goes And good luck with By the way, Suggestions: Its important for the students to command the patterns of telephone call in Activities 2. Much time should be spent learning the patterns of objective clause, and attention must be paid to the verbs in the main clauses and the linking words of the subordinate clauses. For example: Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived? I asked your secretary whether she could come or not. Can you tell me where you are from? And Ive heard that you play in your school orchestra. But I dont know who will come.Unit 2 Drilling: Activity 2 Key points: P 12 far away, lonely, be afraid to do sth., feel sb. do sth., worry about, as usual, touch, close to, remember doing sth., it doesnt matter Difficult sentences: P 12 I couldnt talk to anyone about my problem, and I didnt want my parents to worry about me. Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. Now I believe that the world is what you think it is. Suggestion: The students should be led to feel how the writer feels and understand what the writer is thinking about.Unit 3 Focus: Objective clauseDrilling: Activity 1, 2 and 5 Suggestions: Additional practice can be given to help the students consolidate the patterns of the objective clauseTelephone calls should be practiced well here, such as Activity 5. If the module task is difficult for the students, Activity 8 can be used instead.Module 3Unit 1 Drilling: Activity 3Key points: P 18 the latest news, the score of, would like to do sth., take sb. around, enjoy doing sth., show sb. around, look out for, stop doing sth., need to do sth., keep doing sth., what to listen to, who to see, hate doing sth P 19 agree with Difficult sentences: P 18 Whats the weather going to be? (possibility) Wed like to thank you for taking us around Radio Beijing. And this is where we prepare the weather reports. (predicative clause) P 19 How does Chen Huan feel about taking them around? Colloquialisms: P 18 Dont mention it. Come this way. Me, too. Suggestion: Its better to let the students themselves find out the verbs followed by an infinitive and those followed by a gerund.Unit 2 Drilling: Activity 2 and 5 Key points: P 20 times, in radio, it seemed that, close down, prepare, have sth. for breakfast, begin with P 21 on his home page Difficult sentences: P 20 Shouldnt you be at school? How could I explain? When I was about four or five years old, I remember sitting close to the radio in the living room, listening to my favourite programmes, and to the voices of my favourtie presenters. As I grew older, my interest in radio grew. (adverbial clause of time) Once a week, I played my favourite music from my fathers computer to the listeners, talked about life at school and then closed down and did my homework. And this was how my first real job in radio began. (predicative clause) Suggestions: Its necessary to mention how a radio studio works while teaching the passage. The tip in “Learning to learning” should be made clear to the students when they practice writing of Activity 5.Unit 3 Focus: Infinitive and gerund used as object Drilling: Activity 1, 2 and 3 Key points: P 22 be on, on the radioP 23 be happy to do sth. prepare for Suggestion: More examples should be given to help the student summarize the use of infinitive and gerund. Attention must be paid to verbs which can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund.Module 4Unit 1 Drilling: Activity 3 and 4 Key points: P 26 take your video, save your video, play back, lend, record, press, come on, connect to, send sb. sth. Difficult sentences: P 26 If the red light doesnt come on, wait for thirty seconds I think Chen Huan wants to hear you on Starsearch, not Kylie. Colloquialisms: P 26 How does it work? Is it working? Ladies and gentlemen, Suggestion: A recorder can be used to help the students understand the instructions in the conversation.Unit 2 Drilling: Activity 3 and 4Key points: P 28 pick up, bite sb. on the hand, stay + adj., ache, hurt, what kind of snake, the kind of snake, the next day Difficult sentences: P 28 One day Henry Jackson was working in a restaurant kitchen. (a vivid situation) Doctor couldnt say what was wrong because they didnt know what kind of snake it was. When they knew the kind of snake they could give Mr Jackson the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day. Oh, and if the snake doesnt smile for its photo, dont worry. (a humorous ending) Suggestion: More examples about instructions should be given to help the students know how to write them.Unit 3 Focus: Adverbial clause of condition used in imperative sentences Drilling: Activity 1, 2 and 3 Key point: P 30 turn off P 31 turn onP 32 on holiday, text a message Suggestions: If possible, experiments can be done to test whether the instructions in Activity 4 and 6 are workable or not. Instructions about how to use other equipments can be used as module tasks.Module 5Unit 1 Drilling: Activity 3 and 5 Key points: P 34 all together, in the background, beat, warn sb. about sth., be proud of, send sb. away, refuse to do sth. Difficult sentences: P 34 If she spends too much time with the orchestra, theyll punish her and send her to a different school. And if she becomes a star, her parents will be proud of her, and they wont send her away. Colloquialisms: P 34 Tell me about You mean Rather you than me. Thats a shame! Thats such a pity! Suggestion: Attention must be paid to the tenses in each sentence with an adverbial clause of condition.Unit 2 Drilling: Activity 1 Key points: P 36 ask to do sth., warn sb. not to do sth., go wrong, make sure + that, mend, offer to do sth., tell sb. the truth, at least, after all, realize Difficult sentences: P 36 But my father has warned me not to use his computer for playing games because he uses it for his job. We made quite sure my father didnt notice anything. If you tell him the truth, hell be angry with you, but at least youll prove how honest you are. If you offer to do some jobs around the home, or maybe help him with his work, hell realize that youre truly sorry. Suggestion: Its better to ask the students to summarize problems and advice from the reading passages before going over the notes on P37.Unit 3 Focus: Adverbial clause of condition used in indicative sentences Drilling: Activity 1, 2 and 3 Key points: P 39 save up, on ones way home, be able to do sth., get sb. to do sth. Colloquialism: P 39 Thats nice of her. Suggestions: Practice in Activity 6 should be done carefully, and enough time should be given. For module task, the students should be encouraged to talk about their own problems and give advice to each other.Revision module A Drilling: Activity 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 Key point: P 47 news on air Suggestion: The revision module should cover at least two periods, and each period should be designed carefully in order not to be boring.Module 6Unit 1 Drilling: Activity 3, 4 and 5 Key points: P 48 take place, awake, sleepy, explain + that, among Difficult sentences: P 48 She said that she was with some classmates from London, and that she was studying Chinese. She said that she missed her parents but she had some close friends here. Yes, that was the end of the interview, but Chen Huan then said Sally played the violin really we