greatscientists语言点.ppt

Languagepoints,1.disability.ndisable.vdisabled.adj,disability既有可数又有不可数.表示“残疾”用作可数，表示“无能，劳动能力丧失”用作不可数；disable表示“使残疾，使能力丧失”;disabled表示“残疾的，伤残的”，常用于thedisabled表“残疾人”,Hewas_inthewarandhis_preventedhimfromholdinganyjob.Anaccident_himfromplayingfootball.,disabled,disability,disabled,2.ambitionn.野心;雄心;目标ambitiousadj.有雄心的;野心勃勃的beambitiousforsth/todosth对(做)某事怀有雄心/热切的希望ambitiouslyadv.野心勃勃地Eg:Aboywhoisambitious/filledwithambitionusuallyworkshard.,完成句子:Mothersareoftenhighly_(怀有热切的期望)theirchildren.Iam_(热切希望能成功)inlife.His_(要做首相的雄心)islikelytoberealized.,ambitiousfor,ambitioustosucceed,ambitiontobecomeprimeminister,3.beneficial,beneficialadj有益的;受益的benefitn.利益,好处vt.有益于,有助于vi.受益常见用法bebeneficialto对什么有益AbenefitB有益于.Bbenefitsfrom/byA受益于beofbenefitto对有益forthebenefitof为了的利益,阳光对植物有益.Sunshine_plants.Sunshine_plants.Sunshine_plants.Plants_sunshine.,isofbenefitto,benefits,benefitsfrom,isbeneficialto,4.Inotherwords,therearenotmanypeoplelikeme。inawordinword,inplainwordshaveawordwithsb.havewordswithsb.getinawordkeeponeswordbreakonesword,总而言之,口头上,率真地说,和某人谈谈,和某人吵架,插话,守信用;履行诺言,失信；食言,eatonesword,收回前言,向人道谦,5.clumsy(1)笨拙的,不灵巧的You,clumsyguy！Youveknockedovermycoffee！瞧你这笨蛋！你碰翻了我的咖啡！(2)(对人)不灵巧的,不圆滑的Sheisaclumsygirl.她不是一个机灵的女孩.,beclumsywithsth/atdoingsth在方面不灵巧He_chopsticks.He_chopsticks.他使用筷子很笨拙,isclumsywith,isclumsyatusing,4.Unfortunately,thedoctorsdontknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadapttomydisability.不幸的是,大夫们不知道如何治好我的病,但是我很开朗乐观,学会了适应身体的残疾。,考点1,1.Ihavenoideawhen_herthebadnews.A.willtellB.tellingC.tellD.totell,2.-Doyouhavetheexperiencelikethat?-Well,Ivedonetheworkbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjobhere.A.expectedB.expectingC.toexpectD.tobeexpecting,3.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit,adapt(oneself)tosth.使某人适应adaptsth.forsth.使适应,使适合(新用途、新情况)adaptsth.forsb.为某人改编(改写)beadaptedfrom根据改编(改写),考点2,Haveatry,1)Shefounditdifficultto_herselftothenewsurroundings.A.adaptB.forceC.fitinD.change2)TheseareEnglishstorybooks_Chinesestudents.A.adaptedfromB.adaptedforC.adaptedtoD.adaptingfor,adapt:指修改或改变以适应新条件adjust:多指“调整,调节”使之适应fit:多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”suit:多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”match:指“大小、色调、形状、性质”等相配或相称,辨析:adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match,1)Youcantseethroughthetelescopeuntilitis_toyoureyes.2)Theshoes_mewell.3)Aredjacketdoesnt_greentrousers.4)Nodish_alltastes.5)Youshould_yourselftothenewenvironment.,adjusted,fit,match,suits,adapt,下列短语中的to为介词,接名词或名词短语,接动词时要接V-ing:adaptto;payattentionto;stickto;belongto;lookforwardto;beaccustomedto;beusedto;devoteto;objectto;getdownto;thanksto;contributeto,etc.,1.-CarNo.8wontherace!-Yes,butitsdrivercamecloseto_killed.A.beB.beingC.havingbeenD.havebeenIamaccustomedto_atseveninthemorning.A.riseB.haverisenC.havingrisenD.risingHedevotehimself_thebooksonscience.A.toreadingB.toreadC.inreadingD.onreading,B,D,A,常与表示数量的词语搭配使用;而atonetime指同时;曾经一度常用于过去时译一次吃两粒药taketwopillsatonetimetaketwopillsatatime,误,正,7.atatime每次,一次,短语辨析atonetime意思是“从前，曾经”。foratime意思是“短时间内，暂且”。attimes相当于sometimes，所表示的时间频率不够频繁，常译为“有时”“偶尔”。atalltimes与allthetime都可用来表示强调时间的经常性与持续性，意思是“不停地，始终，一直地”此时两者通用。atalltimes还有“无论何时”之意。innotime立即，很快,_Ihaditinmindtostudylaw我曾经想学法律。Youcallborrowonlytwobooks_你一次只可以借两本书。_，wewatchTV有时我们看电视。,Atonetime,atatime,Attimes,9.cutout切掉,删掉,省略，停止Icutthisarticleoutofthenewspaper.我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。联想拓展cutdown砍倒;削减,压缩cutup切碎cutoff切断,停掉;隔绝,挡住Desertsarealsocreatedbecausepeople_treesanddigupgrass.由于人们砍树挖草导致了沙漠的产生。Theflood_theirsupplies.洪水切断了他们的供给。,用适当的介词填空Imustcutgoingtobedlate.Thecarindustrycutproduction.Thewoodchoppercutthetreeandcutit.答案：outdowndown;up,7.itisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds.,很难知道将来会是什么样子。,（1）holdameeting,举行；举办,(2)holdthesameview.,持有；认为,（3）holdaknifeinoneshand.,握着;抓住,(4)Theboxcanholdallmyclothes.,容纳;包含,Whoknowswhatthefutureholdsforus?,7.,whenIgotoutofbreathafterrunningashortwayorhadtostop.,Shelostherbreathaftertenminutes.呼吸困难2.“Rubbish!”hemurmuredunderhisbreath.低声说3.Holdyourbreathandcounttoten.屏住呼吸4.Wecanstopifyouwant,catch/getyourbreath.5.Beforeyoubegin,takeadeepbreathandsmile!,aboveonesbreath出声的,调整呼吸,深呼吸,beshortofbreathatabreathinthesamebreathsaveabreath,上气不接下气,一口气的,异口同声地同时地,喘口气,outof,controldangerdatesighttouchworkquestionthequestion,9.absencen.缺席;不在(某处)absenceofmind心不在焉;神不守舍absentadj.缺席的;不在的vt.使缺席;使离开beabsentfrom缺席;不在presencen.出席;到场present（at）adj.出席的;在场的;现在的,完成句子:MrGreenwillbeincharge_(在我离开期间).Whywereyou_(旷课)yesterday?,duringmyabsence,absentfromschool,11.Mylifeisaloteasierathighschool,比较级前的修饰语还有much,even,still,rather,far,byfar,alittle,abit等。,Howmuch_shelookedwithoutherglasses!wellB.goodC.bestD.better,Youaredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive_?moreslowlyabitB.slowlyabitmoreC.abitmoreslowlyD.slowlymoreabit,12.翻译：Thefewwhocannotseetherealpersoninsidemybodydonotmakemeannoyed,andIjustignorethem.,还有些同学看不到我的内心世界，但是我并不生气，只是不理会他们罢了。,10.annoy使不悦,惹常见用法annoysbwithsth/bydoingsth因使某人生气beannoyedwithsb.for/at(doing)sth.对(某人)为(某事)而生气beannoyedtodoItannoyssb.that,这些苍蝇正使我感到烦恼.Theseflies_me.夜间不要大声唱歌,以免打扰邻居.Dont_yourneighbours_singingloudlyatnight.因为玛丽忘了给她打电话,她就很生玛丽的气.She_Mary_forgettingtophone.,areannoying,annoy,by,wasannoyedwith,for,11.allinall总而言之aboveall首先;最重要的是afterall毕竟;终究firstofall首先notatall根本不;别客气forall虽然;尽管inall总共;总之,选词填空:allinall,aboveall,afterall,forall,inall_herwealth,sheisnothappy.Youmust,_,beloyaltoyourcountry.Therearefivehundredbooksontheshelf_.Everyonemakesmistakes,and_,heisonlyachild.Thebookhassomeweakspots,but_Iconsideritasuccess.,Forall,aboveall,inall,afterall,allinall,14.翻译：Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.,我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着为自己忧伤。,巩固练习：1_productionupby60，thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyearAAsBForCWithDThrough2Theweather_sobad，wehadtoputthegameoffA.wasB.isC.wereD.being,3.Theboyseatedhimselfinthecornerwithhisback_tohisfather.A.turningB.toturnC.tobeturnedD.turned4.There_noclassesyesterday，wepaidavisittotheGreatWall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.hadbeen,5.Theproblem_，themeetingcametotheend.A.settledB.wassettledC.havebeensettledD.settling6.Shewastoonervoustospeakwithsomanyeyes_onher.A.fixingB.fixedC.tobefixedD.werefixed,7._，thegirlsracedontothesecondrunners.A.StickinhandsB.WithastickinherhandC.SticksinhandD.Sticksinhands8.Theboylayontheground，hiseyes_andhishands_.A.beingclosed；tremblingB.closed；tremblingC.closed；trembledD.closing；trembled,Notfarfromtheschooltherewasagarden,_ownerseatedinitplayingchesswithhislittlegrandsoneveryafternoon.A.itsB.whoseC.whichD.that(1)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_translatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that(2)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that(3)Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that,(1)ThereImetseveralpeople,twoof_beingforeigners.A.whichB.themC.whomD.that(2)ThereImetseveralpeople,twoof_wereforeigners.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that(3)ThereImetseveralpeople,andtwoof_wereforeigners.A.whichB.themC.whomD.that,当AaswellasB的短语为主语时,谓语动词与A保持一致.如:Hiswifeaswellashischildrenwasinvitedtotheparty.HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.Air,aswellaswater,isneededtomakeplantsgrow.空气和水都是植物生长所必需的。他是一个好老师，同时也是一个出色的足球球员。Heisagreatteacheraswellasaexcellentsoccerplayer.,12.Aswellasgoingto,aswell也,还,同样常放句末作状语,前面不用逗号分开;有时也放于句首,后面常用逗号分开.如:IcanseehowEnglishisusedineverydaylifeaswell.Aswell,IcanseehowEnglishisusedineverydaylife.,13.makefunof=playajokeonsb.取笑Itsbadmannerstomakefunofdisabledpeople.,forfun/infun为了玩乐;开玩笑地havefun玩乐,makefunofsb.makeafoolofsb.laughatsb.playajokeonsb.playatrickonsb.teasesbaboutsth.,选词填空:makefunof,infun,havefunThekidsatschoolusedto_Jillsclothes.Dontgetupset.Hesaiditwasonly_.We_incampinglastweek.Itscruelto_thedisabled.,makefunof,infun,hadfun,makefunof,16.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.,要接受他们，给他们以鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。,15.asrichandfullalife,当as,so,how等后面的名词是可数单数名词时,把形容词放在冠词之前.如:,socoldadayHowcleveraboyheis!,如果是复数或不可数名词,不能用as,so等,要用such.what,形容词须放在冠词之后.如:suchinterestingpeoplesuchcoldweathersuchanimportantmeeting.Whatacleverboyheis!,as+形容词+a/an+名词+as,11.WhyhashisfellowstudentsconductchangedtowardsMarty?n.行为；品行他言行不一。Hisconductdisagreewithhiswordsvt.conduct指挥,管理,进行,引导,传导(光、电等)conductsb.tosomeplace带领某人去某地,conductsb.aroundsomeplace带领某人参观某地conduct/showab.in/out引领某人进来(出去)conductoneselfconductasurvey/anexperiment进行调查(实验)派生词：n.(热或电等能量的)传导;输送n.售票员;管理者;指挥;导体,举止;表现,conduction,conductor,小试牛刀,1)Heisrespectedbyhiscolleaguesbecausehealways_himselfwell.A.showsB.conductsC.praisesD.reflects2)Asisknowntoall,rubberdoesnot_electricity.A.conductB.carryC.takeD.load,I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。Ispiltyourcoffee.Sorrythatwas_(笨拙的)ofme.2.Somepeoplethinkchildrena_tonewenvironmentsmoreeasilythanadults.3.Johnisthetopstudentinourclassandhism_is“Workhard,playhard.”,clumsy,adapt,motto,Exercises,4.Thedoctorwasexaminingthebloodsamplesunderthe_(显微镜)whenhecamein.5.Shewasreally_(愚蠢的)togiveupsuchagoodposition.,microscope,stupid,6.Thelittleboywasanxioustojoinhisf_playingfootballintheplayground.7.Youshouldbuysomewater_(缸)foryourfishratherthankeeptheminthebowls.,fellows,tanks,II.用下列短语的正确形式填空。adapttoadaptfrominotherwordsmakefunofafteralloutofbreathkeeponesword,1)HehaspromisedtohelpyouandImsurehe_.2)Thisnovel_theRussianoriginalforradio.,willkeephisword,hasbeenadaptedfrom,3)Dontblamehimtoomuch._,heisasmallchild.4)Itsbadmanners_thedisabledpeople.5)Weransofastthatwewere_.,Afterall,tomakefunof,outofbreath,6)Heisquick_newcircumstances.7)Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidntreachtherequiredstandard_,youfailed.,toadaptto,inotherwords,III.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。他们请他走人,也就是说,他被解雇了。(inotherwords)2.我一路跑到学校,上气不接下气。(outofbreath),Theyaskedhimtoleaveinotherwords,hewasfired.Irantotheschoolallthewayandwasoutofbreath.,3.他有他的缺点,但总的说来,他是一个好孩子。(allinall)4.我不喜欢别人在公共场合取笑我。(makefunof),Hehashisfaults,but,allinall,heisagoodchild.Ihatebeingmadefunofinpublic.,他适应了伦敦寒冷的天气。良好的饮食对健康有益。取笑残疾人是很残忍(cruel)的事。他总来打扰(interrupt)我们，这使我很生气。总的来说，他的健康状况(condition)大大好转。,HehasadaptedtothecoldweatherinLondon.Agooddietisbeneficialtohealth.Itscrueltomakefunofdisabledpeople.Iamannoyedwithhimbecausehekeptinterruptingus.Allinall,hisconditionisgreatlyimproved.,1.inparticular=particularly特别地;特别是,especially特别;尤其specially特意地;专门地,E.g.1)Itwasagoodconcert-Ienjoyedthelastsonginparticular.2)Wasthereanythinginparticularthatyouwantedtotalkabout?3)Whydoyouchoosethatoneinparticular.,4)Hecam