2019年高考英语一轮复习1.2Englisharoundtheworld（测）（含解析）.docx

1.2 English around the world单元检测卷（时间50分钟；满分100分）班级_姓名_考号_得分_I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【北京市朝阳区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】All Quiet in a Darkened LibraryAfter my mother died, my father, who was 75 at the time, began to regularly visit the local library in Epping. He loved going there _1_ he enjoyed reading different kinds of books, especially reading the newspapers on Saturdays. The library had a small area, where the soft carpet, folding chairs and lap desks _2_ a comfortable space for independent reading. My dad would sit there for hours. This particular wintery Saturday, at about 12 noon, after being there for two hours, my dad _3_ that it was very quiet and darker than usual. He looked around, realizing that all the staff had left and he had been _4_ locked in.My dad was a “panic merchant” at the best of times, so I can only _5_ what he was like when this happened. The doors had been locked from the outside and he had no way _6_. He must have felt completely at a _7_, since he didnt know some _8_ for handling this kind of crazy situation. My dad looked at the noticeboards to try to find a _9_ phone numbera staff member or someone he could ring to help let him outbut without _10_. So he rang the police station and they kindly got in touch with the head librarian.The head librarian immediately rang my dad back at the library, and _11_ that she would be soon there. She tried to _12_ him and even explained how he could make a coffee if he wished. This was very nice, but my dad was in too much of a “_13_” to do so.Thankfully, the head librarian arrived _14_ the hour and let my dad out. She apologized for the _15_ it had caused my father and sent my father back home in person. We were very grateful, since she could easily have been _16_ at having to come back to work. The next day my dad seemed to _17_ from this accident. He almost forgot all about the unpleasantness, and even found his experience quite _18_.I guess the entire staff now makes extra sure that the library is _19_ before they leave. Whats more, my dad has learned an important lesson by himselfnever again became quite so _20_ in his reading.3851A. as B. if C. till D. though2A. measured B. occupied C. replaced D. created3A. expected B. noticed C. admitted D. doubted4A. accidentally B. constantly C. properly D. illegally5A. acquire B. witness C. imagine D. explore6A. along B. back C. down D. out7A. failure B. loss C. risk D. distance8A. tips B. marks C. notes D. senses9A. convenient B. flexible C. relevant D. temporary10A. trouble B. effort C. permission D. success11A. promised B. informed C. assumed D. reminded12A. forgive B. comfort C. instruct D. persuade13A. result B. choice C. state D. trend14A. over B. near C. beyond D. within15A. conflict B. anxiety C. regret D. blame16A. ashamed B. confused C. annoyed D. pleased17A. recover B. reflect C. struggle D. suffer18A. satisfying B. amusing C. scaring D. astonishing19A. tidy B. open C. quiet D. empty20A. distributed B. blocked C. absorbed D. exposed 【答案】1A2D3B4A5C6D7B8A9C10D11A12B13C14D15B16C17A18B19D20C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父亲由于读书专心，下班时被锁在图书馆，最后报警，图书馆长专门去给他开门的故事。1考查连词。A. as因为；B. if如果；C. till直到为止；D. though虽然。父亲喜欢去图书馆，因为他喜欢看各种各样的书，尤其是星期六去看报纸。表示原因，故选A.2考查动词。A. measured测量；B. occupied占有；C. replaced取代；D. created创造。图书馆有一个小区域，柔软的地毯、折叠椅和写字台为独立阅读创造了一个舒适的空间。指创造了空间，故选D.3考查动词。A. expected盼望；B. noticed注意；C. admitted承认；D. doubted怀疑。父亲在那里呆了两个小时后，注意到这里比平时安静，也比平时暗。表示“注意到”，故选B.4考查副词。A. accidentally意外地；B. constantly不断地；C. properly适当地；D. illegally非法地。父亲环顾四周，意识到所有员工都离开了，他被意外地锁在里面。根据句意选A. 7考查名词。A. failure失败；B. loss损失；C. risk冒险；D. distance距离。因为父亲出不去，所以他当时很慌乱，不知所措。at a loss“不知所措”，故选B.8考查名词。A. tips技巧；B. marks标记；C. notes注释；D. senses判断力。因为他不知道有什么技巧能处理这种特殊情况，指解决事情的方法技巧，故选A.9考查形容词。A. convenient方便的；B. flexible灵活的；C. relevant相关的；D. temporary临时的。父亲想在通知栏中找相关的电话号码，指图书馆的号码，故选C.10考查名词。A. trouble麻烦；B. effort努力；C. permission允许；D. success成功。父亲想找相关的电话号码，根据but可知他没有成功，下文he rang the police station也给了提示，故选D.11考查动词。A. promised答应；B. informed通知；C. assumed假定；D. reminded提醒。图书馆长立刻给我爸爸回了个电话，答应她马上就到。根据情境选A.12考查动词。A. forgive原谅；B. comfort安慰；C. instruct指导；D. persuade说服。图书馆长努力安慰我父亲，甚至向他解释如果他愿意，怎么能煮咖啡。指安慰慌乱的父亲，故选B.13考查名词。A. result结果；B. choice选择；C. state情形，状态；D. trend趋势。当时父亲状态太糟了不那样做，表示“状态”，故选C.14考查介词。A. over在之上；B. near在附近；C. beyond超过；D. within在之内。此处指图书馆长及时赶到，在1小时内到达。故选D.15考查名词。A. conflict冲突；B. anxiety焦虑；C. regret遗憾；D. blame责备。她因此事给父亲带来的焦虑道歉，指上文父亲的慌乱，故选B.16考查形容词。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. confused困惑的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. pleased愉快的。我们非常感激，因为让她返回图书馆她可能容易恼怒的。因为这是工作时间外发生的事，故选C.17考查动词。A. recover恢复；B. reflect反映；C. struggle奋斗；D. suffer遭受。第二天父亲似乎从这件事中恢复了过来，故选A. 20考查形容词。A. distributed分散的；B. blocked阻塞的；C. absorbed全神贯注的；D. exposed暴露的。父亲自己从这件事上也学到了重要的一课他再也不会如此全神贯注阅读了。故选C.【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。小题6门是从外面锁着的，他没办法出来。下文ring to help let him out,和let my dad out.也给了提示，根据常识选out.小题10父亲想找相关的电话号码，根据but可知他没有成功，下文he rang the police station也给了提示。第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 【广东省肇庆市2018届高三毕业班第二次统一检测】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It was 1978，I was 10 years old and lived in Calcutta, a city of East India with my family. I could not forget _21_ year as this city faced a disaster. A heavy flood in Gangers river prevented the people _22_ (live) the normal city life.At that time, our school remained closed. One of school friends Sandhya used to stay in Subhas Nagar, _23_ was situated in a little _24_ (low) area across the railway line. The area _25_ (cover) with water, just then my friends grandfather became sick. The outer city connection with this area was cut_26_, so my friends father crossed the watery path with the help of bamboo based boat in order to call a doctor. Going out to attend hospital _27_ (be) impossible for the aged grandfather, because it rained heavily and _28_end), and no doctor dared to visit the area at that moment. Finally my friends father built a tent typed shade on the boat and _29_ (take) my friends grandfather to the hospital.If we are determined and have great confidence in our _30_（able）, we can overcome any obstacle to reach our goals.【答案】21. the 22. living 23. which 24. lower 25. was covered 26. off 27. was 28. endlessly 29. took 30. abilities【解析】本文叙述的是1978年在印度东部的城市Calcutta发生的一次灾难洪水泛滥。 26. 句意：外面与这个地区的联系被切断了。cut off切断，根据句意可知答案为off。27. 动名词作主语后面的谓语动词用单数形式，句子是一般过去时态，故答案为was。28. 句意：因为大雨在无休止地下着，医生不敢来这个地区。副词修饰动词，根据句意可知答案为endlessly。 29. 句意：最后我朋友的父亲在船上建了一个帐篷类型的阴凉并带我朋友的爷爷去医院。根据句意可知此处是and连接的并列谓语，句子用一般过去时态，答案为took。30. 句意：如果我们有决心并对自己的能力充满信心，我们可以克服任何障碍,达到我们的目标。our是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，根据句意可知用名词复数形式，故答案为abilities。II阅读 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 阅读理解 (共1小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【广东省肇庆市2018届高三毕业班第二次统一检测】Yuletide (圣诞节) Brunch With DickensThursday, December 8, 10:00 am 1:00pmJoin us for a special brunch featuring delicious foods free from much salt and fat, soft beverages, and a special appearance of Gerald Charles Dickens! Reservations and advance payment are required. $30 per person. More information can be found by calling 800-448-3883.Yuletide Brunch With SantaDecember 17 & 18, 9:00 am 2:00 pmSanta will appear in the morning. $35 per person. Children, ages 2 to 12, half off; children under 2 are free. Members receive 10% discount on parties of up to four. For reservations, call 302-888-4826.About Glass Matters Wine Seminar and TastingHosted by Riedel, the wine glass companyWednesday, December 14, 6:30 pm 7:30 pm, Brown Horticulture Learning CenterJoin us for a unique and fascinating wine seminar featuring Riedel crystal and delicious wine. Our speaker will demonstrate how the shape of the glass influences our enjoyment of the wine. Price includes comparative tasting of four different wines and four crystal glasses from Riedels Veritas Collection to take home (a retail value of $138). The option to purchase more wine glasses sets at special pricing: $80 per member; $90 per nonmember. Purchase tickets online or by calling 800-484-3283. Tickets to this event include admission to Yuletide Jazz & Wine in the Galleries Reception Atrium on that evening.31. Which phone number could people ring if they want to enjoy some healthy food?A. 800-448-3883 B. 302-888-4826C. 800-484-3283 D. 800-888-482632. When will people meet Santa when attending Yuletide Brunch With Santa?A. December 17, 8:00 am. B. December 18, 1:00 pm.C. December 17, 1:00 pm. D. December 18, 10:00 am.33. What can people do when attending About Glass Matters Wine Seminar and Tasting?A. Enjoy the performance of Santa.B. Taste all kinds of different wines.C. Appreciate Gerald Charles Dickens.D. Learn how glasses influence the taste of the wine.【答案】31. A 32. D 33. D【解析】本文介绍圣诞前夕的几个活动。 33. D细节理解题。根据最后一段中Our speaker will demonstrate how the shape of the glass influences our enjoyment of the wine.可知，人们参加About Glass Matters Wine Seminar and Tasting的时候要学习杯子如何影响酒的味道。故选D。B【北京市朝阳区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】Dear Koko,Ive learned about you from my amazing teacher. I think its fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language. Ive spent a lot of time watching you in different videos and love you from the bottom of my heart.Its heartbreaking to learn about all of the cruel things done to gorillas (大猩猩). In Africa, for example, the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. They dont understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas. Another thing is the loss of gorillas natural home, which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building roads and airports. When we cut down trees, you become homeless. We take away your shelter and sources of food, leaving you with very little chance of survival.Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems. Hopefully these letters will make a difference during your lifetime. Over the past three months, my class has been researching on gorillas, and Ive learned so many things. For example, Ive learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are always so careful with everything you do. I think that you are really worth saving.Weve come up with many ideas to help you and your fellows. One of the best ideas is to communicate with the President of the World Bank and have him give more financial support to the organizations for gorillas. Another idea is to make public laws on the killers. I also think we need to keep educating people about gorillas.I love writing to you and hope you can understand how important youve become to our class. Would it be too much to ask for a return letter?Mike34According to the passage, Koko is probably _.A. a killer of gorillas B. a member of the gorilla familyC. an expert on gorillas D. a governor in charge of gorillas35What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?A. The problems gorillas face at present. B. The danger gorillas cause for humans.C. The unique characteristic gorillas have. D. The natural environment gorillas live in.36The author suggests that _.A. gorillas should be protected in nature reservesB. killers for gorillas should be legally responsibleC. organizations should be set up to protect gorillasD. people should make donations to gorilla protection 【答案】34B35A36B 35主旨大意题。根据第二段all of the cruel things done to gorillas. the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. Another thing is the loss of gorillas natural home等信息可知本段主要是描述了大猩猩当前被捕杀和家园被破坏的不幸遭遇，故选A. C【广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考试】DNew mercury(汞) threat to oceans from climate changeRising temperatures could boost mercury levels in fish by up to seven times the current rates, said Swedish researchers in an article published in Science Journal. Theyve discovered warming increases levels of the toxin (毒素) in sea creatures. In experiments, they found that extra rainfall drives up the amount of organic material flowing into the seas. This alters the food chain, adding another layer of complex organisms which boosts the concentrations of mercury up the line.Mercury is one of the worlds most toxic metals, and according to the World Health Organization, is one of the top ten threats to public health. The substance at high levels has been linked to damage to the nervous system, paralysis and mental impairment in children.The most common form of exposure to mercury is by eating fish containing methylmercury(甲基水银), an organic form of the chemical which forms when bacteria react with mercury in water, soil or plants. Levels of mercury in the worlds ecosystems have increased by between 200% and 500%, since the industrial revolution, say experts, driven up by the use of fossil fuels such as coal.In recent years there have been concentrated efforts to limit the amount of mercury entering the environment, with an international treaty, called the Minamata Convention, signed by 136 countries in place since 2013.Researchers hope that the Minamata treaty will be successful and countries reduce the amount of mercury that is being produced. Otherwise this discovery of a previously unknown source could have impacts for human health.Other researchers in the field say that the new study highlights important issues that have previously been little known.“This work experimentally proves that climate change will have a significant effect of methylmercury budgets in coastal waters and its accumulation in fish,” said Milena Horvat from the Jozef Stefan Institute in Slovenia.“This work will also help us understand the formation of mercury in fish and help reduce mercury from emission sources (primarily industrial).”37. Where did Swedish researchers find warming increases levels of the toxin?A. In the Pacific Ocean. B. On the Continent.C. In Red Sea. D. In sea creatures.38. What can cause damage to the nervous system?A. Exposure to mercury. B. Mercury at high levels.C. Methylmercury. D. The use of fossil fuels.39. How does methylmercury form?A. By limiting the amount of mercury entering the environment.B. By reducing the amount of mercury.C. When bacteria react with mercury in water, soil or plants.D. When climate change returns to normal.40. What can we know from Milena Horvats words?A. Climate change will increase the levels of mercury in food.B. Levels of mercury in the worlds ecosystems have increased by between 200% and 500%.C. The Minamata Convention has been signed by 136 countries in place since 2013.D. Mercury reduction from emission sources can be beneficial to fish.【解析】本文主要讲了气候变化造成汞含量的增加，这对海洋造成了巨大的威胁。37. 细节理解题。根据Theyve discovered warming increases levels of the toxin (毒素) in sea creatures. 可知瑞典研究人员在海洋生物身上发现气温变暖造成了毒素的增加。所以选D。 39. 细节理解题。根据The most common form of exposure to mercury is by eating fish containing methylmercury(甲基水银), an organic form of the chemical which forms when bacteria react with mercury in water, soil or plants. 可知细菌同水、土壤或是植物中的汞反应，形成了甲基水银，所以选C。40. 细节理解题。根据“This work experimentally proves that climate change will have a significant effect of methylmercury budgets in coastal waters and its accumulation in fish,” said Milena Horvat from the Jozef Stefan Institute in Slovenia.可知排放源中汞含量的减少对鱼类有益处，所以选D。第二节 阅读填空 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)【北京市朝阳区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。Rich and FamousTwenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But todays situation is quite different. 41 Instead they most commonly say they want to be a sports star, a pop star, or an actorin other words, they hope to become a celebrity (名人).According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. 42 Lets take athletes and singers as an example. Their careers are short-lived. Many athletes best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, theyll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. 43 The truth is quite simple: they have been so far removed from it for so long.In spite of these disadvantages, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a livingthey want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months. 44 They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.While many people argue t