江苏专版2018年高考英语总复习微专题训练第15练自然与环保类一.docx

第15练 自然与环保类（一）单词识记：energyislandprotectwasteatmosphere balance strait citizendesert ocean population rangepure rubbish valley wavephenomenon survival consequence decline短语扫描：protect sb./sth.from.保护某人/物不受waste sth.on sb./sth.把某物浪费在某人/物上off the coast 在沿岸的海面上under the protection of 在的保护下a wide range of各式各样的wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手告别as a consequence/in consequence of由于；因为的缘故come about (尤指未经计划地)发生；产生ageing population人口老龄化bring/get.under control 使受控制 跟踪训练.语境填词1Had I kept a _(balance) diet for the past few years，I would not have stomach trouble now.2If cancers are spotted early theres a high chance of _(survive)3If Bob was attracted here by the prospects of therapy，John came down _(pure) and simply to make money.4They are British _(市民) but live in India so that they can learn more about Indian culture.5APEC conference was held in Beijing in a friendly _(气氛).单项填空6This factory produced much dirty water，which resulted in a wide _ of environmental problems.Abranch BrangeCspecies Dwave7How did the global financial crisis _？Im not quite sure.Anyhow，it is a very important problem facing us.Acome up Bcome aboutCcome along Dcome around8The Internet users have been warned to _ any messages that ask you to send cash or personal information，no matter how formal they are.Aabandon BrejectCdecline Dwithdraw9Yesterdays fog was very heavy and _ all the flights were cancelled.Aconstantly BconsequentlyCcontinuously Dconsistently10The white building，_ threats to pull it down，is now a private house in the possession of a retired professor.Asurvived BsurvivingCto survive Dhaving survived.阅读理解ABiology or saxophone？Chris Templeton didnt know which to study in college，so he chose both.A chance walk through a park convinced Templeton that he had made the right choice.During that walk，he heard the expressive notes(鸟鸣声) of a blackcapped chickadee (黑头山雀)As Templeton listened，he slowly realized that the bird sang a different tune each time.“My musical training helped open up my ears to the different sounds that the animals were making，” said Templeton.Feeling curious，the student began focusing on how different species styled their songs.When birds varied their calls，did that indicate they were giving a different meaning to each message？After receiving college degrees in music and biology, Templeton began an indepth study of the sounds animals use to communicate.He focused on chickadee warnings.When a cat，a wolf or another predator(捕食者) threatens a chickadee，the little bird makes a distinctive chickadeedeedee.“Its where the birds get their name，” explained Templeton.Sometimes, the birds vary their calls.Many scientists want to find out why.So Templeton decided to show a few animals to a group of chickadees.The first animal was a squirrel，which picks at their foods.The small birds responded by first producing lots of calls，then getting together and attacking it.As Templeton changed predators，he realized that the chickadees also changed their alarm calls accordingly.“If you listen to a chickadee singing carefully，you can find it adds more dee notes to the end of its call for a more dangerous predator，” said Templeton.Chickadees rely on a group of different vocal signals，about 14 in all.Each contains a lot of information.For a small predator on land，chickadees use their chickadeedeedee call.This calls nearby chickadees to gather and drive it out of the area so it cant sneak up on them later，explained Templeton.Meanwhile，if a raptor(猛禽) flies overhead，chickadees produce a sharp，highpitched call.This warns other chickadees to dive for cover or freeze in place.Interestingly，other species of birds pay attention too.“We know about 50 different species will respond to the chickadees calls，”said Templeton.“Once you really start listening，you will know how amazing these birds are.”1What unique advantage does Chris Templeton enjoy in the study?AHis interest in biology.BHis special training in music.CHis familiarity with birds of all kinds.DThe financial support from the government.2Chickadees make changes in their alarm calls to show_.Athey are in desperate need of helpBthey are ready to launch an attackChow dangerous the situation isDwhat predator they are facing3Paragraph 7 implies that chickadees choose a particular call depending on_.Awhether other species respond to the callsBwhose attention they want to attractCwho they are sending information toDwhat they want to communicateB(2016南通、扬州、泰州三模)Microsoft just finished a threemonth experiment operating an underwater data center.A server rack(服务器支架) with the power of about 300 PCs was placed into a watertight(防水) steel container and lowered into the ocean off the coast of central California.The unusual experiment was launched because current data centers are unpleasantly inefficient.Theyre built where energy and land are cheap(not close to where people actually live)And they waste so much energy cooling their massive computers.The ocean can solve those problems.The cold ocean floor sufficiently cools the computing components inside the pod.And since most people live near the ocean，placing data centers under water could potentially increase the speed at which customers could access the information stored in Microsofts cloud.The experiment was so successful that Microsoft operated the underwater data center for 75 days longer than it had planned to.The next step is to get a larger pod，with about four times the computing power，under the ocean for testing.Unlike the first experiment，the next pod will also be equipped with turbines，which will transform the oceans currents into electricity.Its not clear when，if ever，underwater data centers will become a possible product.“Our first experiment was like dipping our pinkie toe in the water，and now were going for the big toe，” said Lee，corporate vice president of Microsoft Research.Microsoft is still analyzing the environmental impacts of the study.Data centers are both hot and loud，which could have damaging effects on ocean life.Microsoft found that the noise its underwater data center produced was drowned out by nearby shrimp and crabs.The data centers are also built from recyclable materials，and Microsoft believes that the total carbon footprint of underwater data centers will be “dramatically lower” than current landbased centers.Given the growth in the cloud，industry analysts believe that most of the worlds data centers have yet to be built.But building a data center takes at least two yearsan eternity in the fastdeveloping tech industry.As a result，Microsoft builds its data centers with the future in mind，installing far more computing power and space than it currently needs.Lee believes that going underwater can shift the building of data centers from construction projects to manufacturing jobs.“What if we could massproduce these pods on an assembly line？” he thought.“We could deliver a data center，from conception to operation，in 90 days.Thats dramatically different than whats happening today.”4What is the advantage of an underwater data center?AIt can be lowered to the ocean floor easily.BIt can cool computing components automatically.CIt can be built close to the place where people live.DIt can make information easily accessible to people.5We can infer that the underwater data centers _.Acause little harm to the ocean lifeBare more environmentally friendlyCchange the course of ocean currentsDare easy to build in large quantities6The underlined word “eternity” in Paragraph 5 means “_”Aan extremely long timeBan extended periodCa seemingly short timeDa fruitful period7The passage tries to inform readers that _.Aan experiment was made in operating a data centerBmicrosoft will massproduce pods on an assembly lineCmicrosoft succeeded in putting a data center underwaterDunderwater data centers are more efficient than landbased ones.佳作背诵(自然)请写一篇憧憬自然美景的文章。要点：1.以前我生活的农村的情况；2现在我生活的城市的情况；3渴望回到自然中去。注意：词数150左右。参考范文Previously，I lived in the countryside where the sun always rose.Every morning，I got up early to see the sunrise.As the sun came out，trees，flowers，birds and other animals woke up from their long sleep and smiled gently towards the sun.“What a beautiful view！”I whispered.But as I moved to the city，I could hardly see such a beautiful view now.Nowadays，with the development of society，the living step is so fast that we are always so busy and we dont even have the time to take a breath.While in our free time，we can do nothing but play computer games.What a dull life it is!I eagerly want to return to our nature.答案精析第15练自然与环保类(一)高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练.1.balanced2.survival3.purely4.citizens5atmosphere.6.B句意为：这家工厂排出许多脏水，这导致了一系列的环境问题。branch部门，分支；range范围；species种类；wave波浪，潮流。a wide range of各种各样的，一系列的。故选B。7B问句句意为：全球经济危机是怎么发生的？come about“发生”；come up“走上前，被提及”；come along“一起来，进展”；come around“苏醒”。8B句意为：互联网用户已经被警告要拒绝任何索要现金或个人信息的消息，不管这些消息有多正式。abandon遗弃，丢弃；reject拒绝；decline谢绝，下降；withdraw退出，撤回。根据句意可知选B项。9B考查副词辨析。句意为：昨天的雾很大，因此所有的航班都取消了。constantly不断地，持续地；consequently因此，结果；continuously连续不断地；consistently一贯地，一致地。根据句意可知选B。10D句意为：从拆除的威胁中幸存下来之后，这栋白色的房子现在由一位退休的教