高考英语一轮复习语法专项八名词性从句课件外研版.ppt

八、名词性从句,考点1主语从句1.that连接主语从句时,没有具体意思,不充当句子成分,只是起标志性的作用,但that不能省略。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。*Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。,2.whether连接从句时,表示怀疑,不能省略,意为“是否”,在句首时不能用if替换。*Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.旧汽车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆仍然在商讨中。,3.连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。*Itwasneverclearwhythemanhadntreportedtheaccidentsooner.这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故,还不清楚。4.主语从句要用陈述语序,即主谓语序。,【点津】(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有:It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)+that从句It+be+名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)+that从句It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句,It+特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters)+that从句,*ItisapitythatImissedthepartyheldlastnight.很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。*Itisreportedthattheaccidentwascausedbycarelessness.据报道,该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。(2)在Itisnecessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered+that从句结构中,从句用“(should+)动词原形”。,【典例剖析】用适当的连词填空(2015广东高考)Nowitoccurredtohim_hisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.解题关键:固定句型“itoccurredtosb.+that从句”表示“某人突然想到”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。答案判定:that,【高考题组】用适当的连词填空1.(2016江苏高考)Itisoftenthecase_anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.2.(2015全国卷)Itstruckme_playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.,that,that,3.(2015陕西高考)Ifoneislateforajobinterview,itisnotlikely_hewillgetthejob.4.(2014全国卷)Exactly_thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.5.(2013湖北高考)_delightedthefanswasthattheyoungplayerperformedextremelywellinthetabletennistournament.,that,when,What,考点2宾语从句1.that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语从句中只能省略第一个that),没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只是起连接作用。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。*Imwritingtotellyouthatmyuncleisgoingtoyourcityforaconference.我写信是想告诉你我叔叔要去你的城市开会。,2.在whether/if连接的宾语从句中,whether/if意为“是否”(但在whether.ornot结构中,或者whether引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时,以及whether+todo结构中和whether引导的从句作少数动词(如leave,put,discuss,doubt,know等)的宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if来替换)。,*Weveofferedherthejob,butIdontknowwhethershellacceptit.我们已经为她提供了这份工作,但我不知道她是否会接受。*Idontknowwhethertoleaveornot.我不知道是否要离开。,3.连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。*Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveinwhatwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.老师总是告诉我们,如果想要成功,就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。,4.有些动词或动词短语,如like,hate,appreciate,dependon,seeto等,一般不直接跟从句,需要借助it。*Youmaydependonitthatshewillgowithyou.你可以相信她会与你一起去。,5.当主句的主语是第一人称时,在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的,就运用否定转移,将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上。*Idontbelieveshewillattendthemeeting.我认为她不会来参加该会议。,6.it作形式宾语,真正的宾语后置,常用此种结构的及物动词有find,make,think,feel,consider等。*Ifinditimportantthatweshouldkeepcalminfaceofdanger.我发现我们在危险面前保持镇静是很重要的。7.不论主句为何种句型,宾语从句都用陈述语序。,【典例剖析】单句改错(2015全国卷)Hefoundwherehisparentsweremissing.解题关键:句意:他发现父母不见了。found后面接宾语从句,where表示在哪里,不符合句意。that引导宾语从句在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用,而且在此句中可以省略。答案判定:where改为that或者去掉where,【高考题组】单句改错/用适当的连词填空1.(2016全国卷)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.(改错)_2.(2015全国卷)Wewouldespeciallywelcomearticlesabout_Americansspendtheirholidaysandfestivals.,that改为where,how,3.(2014全国卷)Ihope_Iwillworkinacomputercompanyasaprogramdesigner.4.(2014全国卷)Iwilldoagoodjobin_Ido.5.(2015全国卷)TheycometoLehannesgroupjusttolearntosay_theyfeel.6.(2013全国卷)Iwonder_youcouldsellsomeChineseknotsforme.,that,whatever,what,if/whether,考点3表语从句1.that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句,that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只是起连接作用。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。,*(2014全国卷)Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecantfocusorthatwerefocusedonthewrongthings.最后的结果是我们感觉我们没能集中注意力或我们关注的是错误的事情。,2.whether连接从句时从句来源于一般疑问句,为一个句意完整、语气不确定的陈述句。whether不能省略,意为“是否”,不能用if替换。*Hisquestioniswhethertheycanbefriends.他的问题是他们能否成为朋友。,3.连接代词、连接副词引导表语从句时连接词不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。*IdliketostartmyownbusinessthatswhatIddoifIhadthemoney.如果我有这么多钱,我会自己做买卖,那就是我想做的事情。4.表语从句要用陈述语序,即主谓语序。,【点津】常见的表语从句句型:(1)Itlooks/seemsasif.好像;仿佛(2)Thisisbecause.这是因为(强调原因)(3)Thereasonwhy.isthat.的原因是(4)Thatiswhy.那就是的原因(强调结果),(5)Thequestion/problemiswhether/when/where.问题是(6)Hisdream/suggestion/aim/purposeisthat.他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是(7)what从句+be+that从句例如:Whatsurprisedusmostwasthathecamelateagain.,【典例剖析】用适当的连词填空(2015陕西高考)Myonlymistakewas_IdroppedsomeonthefloorwhenIwaspackingthemup.解题关键:引导表语从句that在从句中不作成分,只起到连接作用。答案判定:that,【高考题组】用适当的连词填空1.(2016北京高考)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis_onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.2.(2015福建高考)ThefirstthingIwouldsayis_thewayyoubegintheconversationisveryimportant.,that,that,3.(2013四川高考)Homeis_wecanrememberpain,love,andsomeotherexperiences.4.(2015全国卷)Itseemed_somethingclickedwiththegirlsbetweenSaturdayandSunday.5.(2015四川高考)Thats_itallstarted.6.(2015天津高考)Thefinestandhappiestyearsofourliveswerenot_allthedebtswerepaid.,where,that,how,when,考点4同位语从句在名词性从句中,同位语从句是比较难理解的一种从句,虽然在近几年全国卷中没有直接考查过,但需要注意掌握其以下可能考查的方向。,1.that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句,that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义