初三英语被动语态和练习.doc

初三英语被动语态一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am / is / are + P.P.（1）Do they speak French ?（2）They dont use the room .Is French spoken by them ?The room isnt used by them .一般过去时was / were + p.p.（1）The hunter killed a tiger .（2）He wrote many stories last year .A tiger was killed by the hunter .Many stories was written by him last year .现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p.（1）These workers are building a new bridge . （2）He is mending his car .A new bridge is being built by these workers . His car is being mended by him .现在完成时have / has + been + p. p.（1）She has learned many English words .（2）He has finished the work .Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 一般将来时shall / will be + p.p.（1）I shall make a plan . （2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour .A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 情态动词can / may / must / should + be + p.p.（1）We should hand in our homework .（2）You must answer the question in English .Our homework should be handed in by us .The question must be answered in English by you .注意：被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better 变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如：Trees should not be planted in summer. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） （被动语态）常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”比较：（1）（2）下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如：The window wants/needs/requires repairing. The book is worth reading twice.The door wont shut. / The play wont act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well. The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。eg. 下面词或短语没有被动态：leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart 等等。练习：一.1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week . A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give 2. To make our city more beautiful , rubbish into the river . A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw 3. You may go fishing if your work .A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done 4. The trees must three times a week . A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 5. I wont come to the party unless Sue , too . You mean if Sue comes youll come ? A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited 6. I like my new bike . It very well . A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden 7. Mr. Chen has a lond voice . His voice can clearly even in that big classroom . A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard 8. Its time to do your homework , Jack . Yes , Mum . Ill turn off the TV as soon as the programme .A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end 9. You to the meeting , why didnt you go ?A. be invited B. will be invited C. were invited D. are invited 10. A lot of trees along the river last year . A. planted B. are planted C. were planted 二. 选择填空1. The rivers smells terrible People must dirty things into it .A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop form throwing2. Paper first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Do you like the flower ? Yes , it sweet . A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells4. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow .A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with5. The light in the room before you leave . A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off6. the kind of question often in your class , Ann ? A. Does , ask B. Is , asked C. Has , asked D. Will , ask7. The bridge in three weeks . A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds8. The old men and the children must in our country . A. take good care B. be taken good care C. take good care of D. be taken good care of9. Paul doesnt have to be made He always works hard . A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning10. The girl was unhappy because she by some boys in the class . A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at 11. We that the English test next Monday . A. are told , gives B. tell , will give C. are told , will be given D. told , is going to be given12. Great changes place in China since 1978 . A. have been taken B. have taken C. has been taken D. took13. the red pencil-box by your father last week ?A. Has , bought B. Was , bought C. Does , buy D. Did , buy14. Mary many songs at the party . A. heard sing B. heard to sing C. was heard sing D. was heard to sing15. trees usually in April ?A. Have , planted B. Are , planted C. Do , plant D. Were , planted16. When we got there , the broken road repaired .A. is being B. was being C. has been D. /17. The windows of the room once a week .A. has been cleaned B. is cleaned C. are cleaned D. are cleaning18. In 1620 , about half the USA forests . A. was covered B. was covered by C. were filled with D. covered with19. The young tree the stick . A. should be tied to B. must be tied by C. should tie to D. can be tied with20. A present me by my friend on my birthday . A. is giving B. was given to C. is given for D. will give to21. By was the book ?A. who , wrote B. whom , write C. whom , written D. whom , writing22. Films about crime and violence（暴力与犯罪） by young children . A. should not see B. should be not seen C. should not be seen D. should be seen23. In warm weather fruit and meat long . A. cant be kept B. dont keep C. is not kept D. arent keeping24. Half the worlds telephone calls in English .A. are made B. are making C. make D. is made25.