2019年中考英语一轮复习-第一篇-教材梳理篇-课时训练(九).doc

课时训练(九)(限时:30分钟).单项填空1.Miss Li, our English teacher, is always very kind.We all like .A.it B.herC.him D.them2.My grandparents often do some exercise the morning.A.on B.inC.at D.of3.Its time to get up, youll be late for school.A.so B.andC.or D.but4.Must I hand in my homework now, Mr.Smith?No, you .A.cant B.shouldntC.neednt D.wouldnt5. have you studied English?For about three years.A.How far B.How longC.How often D.How many6.Which sport is, swimming or skating?Swimming.A.popular B.more popularC.most popular D.the most popular7.What did you do after school yesterday?I tennis with Paul.A.play B.will playC.played D.am playing8.My aunt at this school for 15 years already and she loves her job very much.A.will work B.worksC.has worked D.is working9.What were you doing at this time last night?I a phone call.A.made B.will makeC.has made D.was making10.Jeff the hospital if he feels better in a few days.A.leaves B.leftC.will leave D.has left11.Many green bicycles in the street last month.A.place B.will placeC.are placed D.were placed12.Do you know now?He lives in Beijing.A.where he lives B.where he will liveC.where will he live D.where does he live.2018门头沟一模 完形填空阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。When I was 13, my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant beating out Miller King, who was the best 13 at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I 14 out.I carried my football everywhere for practice.Just before September, Miller was hit by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from hospital.He looked very 15, but he didnt cry.That season, I 16 all of Millers records while he watched the home games from the bench.We went 10-1 and I was named the most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for(为负责) Millers 17.One afternoon, I was crossing the field and saw Miller stuck(卡在) going over a fencewhich wasnt hard to climb with both arms.Im sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept help from.But even that 18 he accepted.I helped him move slowly over the fence.When we were finally safe on the other side, he said to me,“You know, I didnt tell you this during the season, but you did 19.Thank you for filling in for me.” His words freed me from my bad dreams.I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Harmed but not 20, he was still ahead of me.I was right to have admired him.From that day on, I grew bigger and a little more real.13.A.player B.studentC.teacher D.coach14.A.reached B.lookedC.called D.worked 15.A.calm B.paleC.angry D.relaxed16.A.held B.triedC.set D.broke 17.A.arms B.accidentC.records D.team18.A.challenge B.adviceC.dream D.truth 19.A.badly B.slowlyC.fine D.fast20.A.beaten B.invitedC.pleased D.admired .2018丰台期末 阅读短文,根据短文回答问题People cant see you when youre speaking on the phone, but they can hear you.So, the way you speak is especially important.In fact, researchers have found that 80% of communication over the phone is through your tone(语气) of voice; and only 20% is from the words you use.Here are our top tips on how to speak over the phone.1.Facial ExpressionsYour facial expressions can influence your voice.For example, if you smile, your voice will sound warm and friendly; just the opposite, if you have an angry look on your face, it can make you sound unpleasant.2.Volume(音量)If you speak too loudly, you could sound angry.And if you speak too softly, itll be difficult to hear you.So, speak loudly enough to be heard clearly, but not so loud that youre shouting.3.PaceThe pace of your voice is how quickly you speak.And this can show how you feel.For example, an angry person might speak faster than normal.Or a downhearted person might speak very slowly.Try speaking a little more slowly than normal.This will make you sound confident, and itll make it easier for the other person to understand you.4.Gestures(手势)Gesturing can influence the tone of your voice.When you gesture, you bring more air into the lungs, which can make your voice sound warmer.Gestures are also useful to help you stress the right words or even find the words you need.The best thing about gesturing during a phone call is that no one can see what youre doing, so you can gesture as wildly as you like!5.MovementIf youre feeling nervous, stand up and move around.It will reduce the nervousness in your body and help your voice to sound more confident.6.Pauses(停顿)Using pauses every now and then can help you to slow down.This will make you sound more confident and in control.Also, if you pause after giving some new information, itll give the other person time to understand it.At the same time, listen to how the other person uses pauses.They could tell you something about the speakers feeling.For example, when a speaker is really angry, he might use pauses and say,“Iamsoangry”21.Can your facial expressions influence your voice?22.What is the pace of voice?23.What is the best thing about gesturing during a phone call?24.What can people do to reduce their nervousness on the phone?25.What is the passage mainly about?参考答案.16BBCCBB712CCDCDA.主旨大意 “我”13岁时唯一的想法是成为学校足球队的明星,这意味着“我”必须打败Miller King校队最好的球员。但是就在九月前Miller被车撞了,失去了右臂。那个赛季“我”打破了所有Miller的纪录,成为最有价值的球员,但是“我”经常做要对Miller事故负责的噩梦,直到有一天下午“我”帮助困在围栏中的Miller摆脱困境,Miller告诉“我”在那个赛季“我”做得很好,感谢“我”代替了他,他的话使“我”如释重负,也使“我”更加敬佩他。13.A根据上一句可知“我”想成为校足球队的明星,这也就意味着“我”要打败Miller,可推测Miller是一名运动员。故选A。14.D“work out”在体育方面指运动选手训练,锻炼,参加训练课程以达到良好的竞技状态。这句话的意思是整个暑假“我”都在训练。故选D。15.BMiller被车撞从医院出来后应该是很虚弱的,故此时的脸色应该是很苍白的。故选B。16.D根据下文信息“I was named the most valuable player”可知那个赛季“我”打破了Miller的纪录。break record意为“打破纪录”。故选D。17.B根据上文信息“Miller was hit by a car and lost his right arm”可知此处应该指的是Miller出车祸,因此是事故。故选B。18.A根据上文信息“Im sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept help from.”可知“我”确信“我”是Miller在这个世界上最不想求助的人,所以“我”的帮助从心理上来说对他是一个挑战。故选A。19.C20.A根据下文信息“he was still ahead of me”可知Miller虽然受到伤害但是并没有被打败,他仍旧领先与我。故选A。.21.Yes, they can. 22.The pace of your/our voice is how quickly you/we speak. 23.No one can see what youre doing. 24.Stand up and move around. 25.Top tips on how to speak over the phone. 日月崇拜是原始宗教的重要内容之一，中国古代很早就有祭祀日月的宗教礼俗。殷人将日月称东母与西母，周代依据日月的时间属性行朝日夕月的祭礼，“夕月”即秋分日的晚上在西门外祭月。春秋战国时，日月神被称为东皇公、西王母。沂南汉画像石中东王公、西王母分坐在柱收物（昆仑山）上，西王母两旁跪有捣药的玉兔，由此可知，晋代郭璞图赞中“昆仑月精”的说法言之有据，而后世的月神嫦娥即由西王母演变而来。秦汉时期日月祭祀仍为皇家礼制，此后直至明清历代都有秋分祭月的礼仪。上古时期祭月列入皇家祀典而例行祭祀后，民间缺少了祭月的消息，这可能与古代社会的神权控制有关，像日月这样的代表阴阳的天地大神，只有皇家才能与之沟通，一般百姓无缘祭享。隋唐以后，随着天文知识的丰富与文化观念的进步，人们对月亮有了较理性的认识，月亮的神圣色彩明显消褪。这时皇家也逐渐失去了对月神祭祀的独占权。对一般平民来说，月亮不再是那样“高不可及”。唐朝虽没有中秋节，但唐人精神浪漫，亲近自然，中秋赏月已成为文人的时尚，吟咏中秋明月的华章丽句寻常可见，如许浑鹤林寺中秋夜玩月云：“中秋云尽出沧海，半夜露寒当碧天。轮彩渐移金殿外，镜光犹挂玉楼前。”在宋代，中秋节已成为民俗节日。文人沿袭赏月古风，但其情趣大异于唐人。唐人大多由月亮的清辉联想到河山的壮美，友朋千里，邀赏明月，诗酒风流，如白居易八月十五日夜禁中独直，对月忆元九“三五夜中新月色，二千里外故人心”，就借秋月抒发了感物怀人的情思。宋人常以月之阴晴圆缺，喻人生变化无常，苏轼中秋月“暮云收尽溢清寒，银汉无声转玉盘。此生此夜不长好，明月明年何处看”就寄托着这种浩叹。似乎中秋明月的清光，也难掩宋人的感伤。不过对于宋人来说，中秋还有另一种形态，即世俗的欢愉。北宋东京中秋夜，“贵家结饰台榭，民间争占酒楼玩月”（东京梦华录）。南宋杭州中秋夜更是热闹，在银蟾光满之时，王孙公子、富家巨室，莫不登楼，临轩玩月，酌酒高歌；中小商户也登上小小月台，安排家宴，“团圆子女，以酬佳节”（梦梁录）；市井贫民“解衣市酒，勉强迎欢，不肯虚度”。团圆是中秋节俗的中心意义。宋人的团圆意识已与中秋节令发生关联，宋代城市居民阖家共赏圆月，就体现了这一伦理因素。明清时期，由于理学的浸染，民间社会乡族观念增强，人们对家庭更为依恋，中秋节正是加强亲族联系的良机。“中秋民间以月饼相连，取团圆之义”（明代田汝成西湖游览志奈），月饼在宋代已经出现，但以月饼为中秋特色食品及祭月供品的风俗大概始于明朝，小小的月饼在民间生活中作为团圆的象征与联系亲族情感的信物互相馈送。节日是日常生活的亮点，节俗文化是时代精神的聚焦。中秋经历了文人赏月的雅趣，民间拜月的情趣，以及有心吃月饼而无心看月的俗趣，节俗形态从古至今发生了重大变化。一部中秋节俗形态演变史，也是一部中国民众心态的变迁史。（摘编自萧放团圆饼与月亮节中秋节俗形态的变迁）1下列关于原文内容的表述，不正确的一项是( )A对于日月，殷人称东母与西母，春秋战国时称东皇公、西王母，汉代称东王公、西王母，从这些称呼可以看出，中国古人的日月崇拜有一脉相承之处。B唐宋两代都有文人赏月的风尚。唐人多借月表达对自然美景的欣赏赞美，体现出诗酒风流的情趣，而宋人常因月抒发感伤之情。C南宋时的都城杭州，中秋夜热闹非凡，不仅富家巨室、中小商户宴饮赏玩，“以酬佳节”，连财力匮乏的市井贫民也勉力寻欢，足见中秋在当时已是非常重要的节日。D中秋的节俗文化经历了不断丰富与演变的过程，如宋人赋予中秋节阖家团圆的意义，明人则将月饼引入中秋节，作为团圆的象征与联系亲族感情的信物。2下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是( )A弦、望、晦、朔是月亮在运行过程中被人观察到的不同形态，是中国大多数节日设定的基准，如中秋节的设定就与“望”有关。B中秋节源于原始宗教中的月亮崇拜，但形成较晚。唐代文人已有中秋之夜赏月的风尚，到宋代，中秋则成为重要的民俗节日。C沂南汉画像石中的西王母为月神，居于昆仑山，后演变为月神嫦娥。晋代郭璞图赞中“昆仑月精”的说法即以此神话为依据。D唐朝的一般民众将月亮视为欣赏的对象，而不再觉得它高不可及，这跟天文知识的丰富、文化观念的进步和皇家丧失对祭月的独占权大有关系，3根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是( )A月为天地大神，在宗教祭祀中地位重要，上古时期统治者独占祭月权之后，直至隋唐以前，一般民众无权祭月，中国民间也没有祭月的风俗。B尽管唐宋文人赏月的情趣大异，但白居易八月十五日夜禁中独直，对月忆元九和苏轼中秋月都是借月抒怀的感伤之作，表达了对友人的思念之情。C在宋代，中秋已是团圆佳节，到明清时期，理学的影响增强了民间社会的乡族观念和人们对家庭的依恋，于是中秋节更成为共享天伦与联系亲族的良机。D中秋节俗形态丰富，从文人雅士赏玩明月，到民间阖家团圆共赏明月，再到以月饼相赠加强亲族联系，这些习俗的演变折射了时代精神的变迁。（二）文学类文本阅读（14分）阅读下面的文字，完成4-6题。百年震柳梁衡1920年12月16日，宁夏海原县发生了一场全球最大的地震。是日晚8时，风暴大起，四野尘霾，大地颤动，山移、地裂、河断、城陷。黄土高原经这一抖，如骨牌倒地，土块横飞。老百姓惊呼：“山走了！”有整座山滑行三四公里者，最大滑坡面积竟毗连三县，达两千平方公里。山一倒就瞬间塞河成湖，形成无数的大小“海子”。地震中心原有一大盐湖，为西北重要的产盐之地。湖底突然鼓起一道滚动的陡坎，如有人在湖下推行，竟滴水不漏地将整个湖面向北移了一公里，称之为“滚湖”。所有的地标都被扭曲、翻腾得面目全非。大地瞬间裂开一条237公里长的大缝，横贯甘肃、陕西、宁夏。裂缝如闪电过野，利刃破竹，见山裂山，见水断水，将城池村庄一劈两半，庄禾田畴被撕为碎片。当这条闪电穿过海原县的一条山谷时，谷中正有一片旺盛的柳树，它照样噼噼啪啪，一路撕了下去。但是没有想到，这些柔枝弱柳，虽被摇得东倒西歪，断枝拔根，却没有气绝身死。狂震之后，有一棵虽被撕为两半，但又挺起身子，顽强地活了下来，至今仍屹立在空谷之中，这就是那棵有名的震柳。 我不知道这株柳，该称它是一棵还是两棵。它同根，同干，同样的树纹，头上还枝叶连理。但地震已经将它从下一撕为二，现在两