初中英语阅读理解专项技巧.ppt

阅读理解答题指导,题型解读,阅读理解题型,猜测词义题,细节理解题,主旨归纳题,推理判断题,课标要求,阅读能力课标要求：1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。2、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。3、能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事清洁的发展和可能的结局。4、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息,答题技巧,阅读技巧,快速阅读短文，通读测试题。,认真逐题作答。,仔细校对所选答案。,有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why等。中考阅读理解的题大部分是这样的题型，答案基本能在原文中找到，答题时需要注意关键词、关键句、关键段落。,how,where,what,细节理解题,when,who,why,细节理解题,范例(2014青岛中考),【解析】选C。事实细节题。,_,主旨归纳题,议论文和说明文的主题句经常在开头或结尾。记叙文往往没有主题句，需要在读懂全文、体会作者用意的基础上进行概括。中考阅读理解这样的题有两至三题。,主旨归纳题,猜测词义题,该题型考查通过上下文判断词义的能力。词义题的考查有两种:超纲词含义的推断和熟词生义的推断。中考通常有一至两题这样的题型。,范例(2013青岛中考),原文：Samwasafifteen-year-oldboylivingwithhislittlesister,Julie.Theirparentspassedawaylongago.SamhadtakencareofJuliebyhimself,考题：28.“Theirparentspassedawaylongago”means“Theirparents_longago.”A.diedB.wentonC.lefthomeD.passedby,根据上下文的意思来猜测答案,一、根据上下文意思猜测词义,猜测词义,_,A,二、通过定义或释义描述关系来推测词义,对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。,猜测词义,_,三、通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词,同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。反义法如hotandcold,giveandreceive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。,猜测词义,猜测词义,_,developdevelopment，statestatement，argueargument,happyunhappy，fairunfair，importantunimportant,visitvisitor，workworker，waitwaiter,前缀un-表反义词,后缀-ment表名词,后缀-er、-or表名词,四、通过构词法猜词,猜测词义,该题型考查通过文章表层信息推测其隐含信息的能力,要求学生揣摩作者的意图。虽不能在原文中找答案,但有间接的暗示和线索。中考这样的题有一至两题，很难得分。,推理判断题,推理判断题,范例(2013中考模拟题).Anewsstoryisnotonlycorrect,butalsorelevanttoitsreaders.Peoplearemostlyinterestedinnewsthathappensneartothem.ThatiswhyyoucaremoreaboutwhathappensatyourschoolthanthatatAmericanschools.ItisalsowhynewspapersinBeijingdonttalkaboutmuchnewsinShanghaiorHongKong.,问题Accordingtothewriter,newspaperinQingdaoshouldtalkaboutmuchnewsin.A.QingdaoB.HongKongC.ShanghaiD.Beijing,_,A,【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍好的新闻稿件应该与读者生活密切相关,故青岛人关心更多的应该是青岛的事。故选A。,数字推算题,范例(2012中考模拟题)TherearealsosometraditionalfestivalsaboutdragonsinChina.SuchasDragonHead-RaisingDayandDragonBoatFestival.Wehavedifferentkindsofactivitiestocelebratethem.Thesetwofestivalscomeeveryyear,buttheYearoftheDragoncomeseverytwelveyears.Thisyear(2012)istheYearoftheDragon.Goodlucktoyou!,问题WhichofthefollowingyearsistheYearoftheDragon?A.1988B.1998C.2008D.2018,_,【解析】数字推算题。根据文章倒数第二句可知2012年是龙年。12年是一个轮回,可计算出1988年是龙年。,实战演练,NotonlyapopularsingerwasYaoBeina,butalsoshewasanenergeticandwarm-heartedangel.Shehadhercorneasdonatedtotwomenwhoneededthem,whichhelpedthemseetheworldclearlyagain.,YaowasborninamusicfamilyonSept.26,1981inWuhan.Shestartedtolearnthepianoattheageof4,andshesangherfirstsongonthestagewhenshewas9yearsold.Yaodidquitewellinsinging,soshetookpartinthethirteenthYouthSingingCompetitionandwonthefirstprize.,2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展,1,Shebecamewell-knowntothepublicaftermakingaseriesofsongsforthehitTVdrama“TheLegendofZhenhuan”in2012,andthemandarinversion(中文版本)of“LetItGo”fromDisneys“Frozen”.InJuly2013,shecompetedinTheVoiceofChinaIIandfinallygotthesecondplaceinNaYingsteam.Shehadwonalotofmusicawardsbeforeshewasfamous.,YaoBeinawasunfortunatetobediagnosed（诊断）withbreastcancer(乳腺癌)andhadasuccessfuloperationin2011.Sincethen,shehasfoughtagainstthediseaseforaboutfouryearswhilekeepingsinging,butsadlyshefailed.Sheoriginallythoughtofdonatingallofherorgans(器官)tosaveotherslives,butfailedtodoitbecauseofherseriousillness.,2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展,Shesgone,eventhoughshehadneverstoppedstrugglingwithcancer.Heavenjustgotanotherbeautifulangel,withherbeautifulvoiceandkindness.,（）1.Theword“corneas”inthepassageprobablymeans_.A.眼角膜B.器官C.心脏D.肾脏（）2.Yaowasbornina_familyonSept.26,1981inWuhan.A.doctorB.farmerC.musicD.worker（）3.HowoldwasYaoBeinawhensheshecompetedinTheVoiceofChinaIIandfinallygotthesecondplaceinNaYingsteam.A.23.B.22.C.32.D.33.（）4.WhichisTRUEaboutYaoBeinaaccordingtothepassage?A.Shestartedtoplaythepianoattheageof5.B.Shehadgreatvoiceandwonalotofawardsinmusic.C.Shewasaweakandselfishgirl.D.Shewonoverthebreastcancerintheend.（）5.Whatsthepassagemainlyabout?A.YaoBeinasfamily.B.YaoBeinasdisease.C.YaoBeinasteacher.D.YaoBeinasartachievements.,2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展,A,C,C,D,B,【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了姚贝娜的生平。姚贝娜出生于音乐世家，四岁学钢琴，九岁上台表演，荣获过许多音乐奖项。2012年为甄嬛传、冰雪奇缘等影视剧唱主题曲；2013年在“中国好声音”第二季中获亚军。不幸的是，她得了乳腺癌，于2015年1月16日辞世。姚贝娜生前曾打算捐赠全身器官，由于病情恶化，全身器官感染，最后眼角膜捐给了两名眼疾患者。网友和粉丝称她为“有美丽歌喉的善良天使”。,NotonlyapopularsingerwasYaoBeina,butalsoshewasanenergeticandwarm-heartedangel.Shehadhercorneasdonatedtotwomenwhoneededthem,whichhelpedthemseetheworldclearlyagain.,YaowasborninamusicfamilyonSept.26,1981inWuhan.Shestartedtolearnthepianoattheageof4,andshesangherfirstsongonthestagewhenshewas9yearsold.Yaodidquitewellinsinging,soshetookpartinthethirteenthYouthSingingCompetitionandwonthefirstprize.,2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展,1,_,猜测词义题,NotonlyapopularsingerwasYaoBeina,butalsoshewasanenergeticandwarm-heartedangel.Shehadhercorneas(眼角膜)donatedtotwomenwhoneededthem,whichhelpedthemseetheworldclearlyagain.,YaowasborninamusicfamilyonSept.26,1981inWuhan.Shestartedtolearnthepianoattheageof4,andshesangherfirstsongonthestagewhenshewas9yearsold.Yaodidquitewellinsinging,soshetookpartinthethirteenthYouthSingingCompetitionandwonthefirstprize.,2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展,1,细节理解题,NotonlyapopularsingerwasYaoBeina,butalsoshewasanenergeticandwarm-heartedangel.Shehadhercorneas(眼角膜)donatedtotwomenwhoneededthem,whichhelpedthemseetheworldclearlyagain.,YaowasborninamusicfamilyonSept.26,1981inWuhan.Shestartedtolearnthepianoattheageof4,andshesangherfirstsongonthestagewhenshewas9yearsold.Yaodidquitewellinsinging,soshetookpartinthethirteenthYouthSingingCompetitionandwonthefirstprize.,2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展,1,推理判断题,NotonlyapopularsingerwasYaoBeina,butalsoshewasanenergeticandwarm-heartedangel.Shehadhercorneas(眼角膜)donatedtotwomenwhoneededthem,whichhelpedthemseetheworldclearlyagain.,YaowasborninamusicfamilyonSept.26,1981inWuhan.Shestartedtolearnthepianoattheageof4,andshesangherfirstsongonthestagewhenshewas9yearsold.Yaodidquitewellinsinging,soshetookpartinthethirteenthYouthSingingCompetitionandwonthefirstpriz