Linux系统常用的查看命令.doc

Linux系统常用的查看命令 Linux是一个神奇而又高效的操作系统学完Linux对Linux系统有一个熟悉的了解后你需要了解下这些实用的查看系统信息的命令 查看系统版本命令 uname 谈到系统版本就一定会想到uname查看系统内核版本 uname参数 其他的什么nmr参数都忽略直接a rootlinuxprobeunamea Linuxlinuxprobe.2.6.32358.el6.x86641SMPTueJan2911:47:41ESTXXx8664x8664x8664GNU/Linux rootlinuxprobe 从uname中貌似确实看到了许多信息但是好像并不是我想要的没有个系统的个版本 lsbreleasea rootlinuxprobelsbreleasea LSBVersion:base4.0amd64:base4.0noarch:core4.0amd64:core4.0noarch:graphics4.0amd64:graphics4.0noarch:printing4.0amd64:printing4.0noarch DistributorID:RedHatEnterpriseServer Description:RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease6.4(Santiago) Release:6.4 Codename:Santiago rootlinuxprobe cat/etc/issue rootlinuxprobecat/etc/issueRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease6.4(Santiago)Kernelonanm rootlinuxprobe 查看内存相关 free 一谈到Linux的内存就想到了一个命令free在课本第2章新手必须掌握的Linux命令中有对此的解释 rootlinuxprobefreetotalusedfreesharedbufferscachedMem:52288726693604559512028060266936 /+buffers/cache:3743644854508 Swap:419429604194296 rootlinuxprobefreem totalusedfreesharedbufferscached Mem:51066534452027260 /+buffers/cache:3654740 Swap:409504095 rootlinuxprobefreeg totalusedfreesharedbufferscached Mem:404000 /+buffers/cache:04 Swap:303 rootlinuxprobe 很明显内存大小使用多少剩余多少buffers和cached多少以及swap情况一目了然使用参数m/g可以指定单位 查看cpu相关 uptime rootlinuxprobeuptime 20:09:48up43min,3users,loadaverage:0.35,0.25,0.11/系统的平均负载1分钟5分钟15分钟 top 实时监控系统的cpu和内存默认3s刷新一次 rootlinuxprobetop top20:15:41up49min,3users,loadaverage:0.41,0.38,0.21 Tasks:236total,1running,235sleeping,0stopped,0zombieCpu(s):0.2%us,0.5%sy,0.0%ni,98.8%id,0.5%wa,0.0%hi,0.0%si,0.0%st Mem:5228872ktotal,671136kused,4557736kfree,28324kbuffers Swap:4194296ktotal,0kused,4194296kfree,267360kcached PIDUSERPRNIVIRTRESSHRS%CPU%MEMTIME+MAND 1root2001936015361224S0.00.00:05.37init 2root200000S0.00.00:00.02kthreadd 3rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.07migration/0 4root200000S0.00.00:00.14ksoftirqd/0 5rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00migration/0 6rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.01watchdog/0 7rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.69migration/1 8rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00migration/1 9root200000S0.00.00:00.10ksoftirqd/1 10rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00watchdog/1 11rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.10migration/2 12rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00migration/2 13root200000S0.00.00:00.01ksoftirqd/2 14rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00watchdog/2 15rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.17migration/3 16rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00migration/3 17root200000S0.00.00:00.06ksoftirqd/3 18rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00watchdog/3 19root200000S0.00.00:00.41events/0 cpu内存实时利用率以此为标准 查看cpu参数文件：/proc/cpuinfo rootlinuxprobecat/proc/cpuinfo|grepphysicalid|uniq|wcl 2/cpu个数 rootlinuxprobecat/proc/cpuinfo|grepcpucores|uniq cpucores:2/线程数 rootlinuxprobecat/proc/cpuinfo|grepmodelname|uniq modelname:Intel(R)Core(TM)i53230MCPU2.60GHz/cpu型号参数 查看硬盘相关 df rootlinuxprobedf 文件系统1K块已用可用已用%挂载点 /dev/sda241284928469040387187362%/ tmpfs261443622426142121%/dev/shm /dev/sda199150325046152635%/boot /dev/sda6516040180164718124%/home /dev/sda341284482542976137576065%/usr rootlinuxprobedfh/以简单的看得懂的方式显示文件系统容量已用可用已用%挂载点 /dev/sda240G459M37G2%/ tmpfs2.5G224K2.5G1%/dev/shm /dev/sda197M32M61M35%/boot /dev/sda6504M18M461M4%/home /dev/sda34.0G2.5G1.4G65%/usr fdiskl rootlinuxprobefdisklDisk/dev/sda:107.4GB,107374182400bytes255heads,63sectors/track,13054cylinders Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes Sectorsize(logical/physical):512bytes/512bytes I/Osize(minimum/optimal):512bytes/512bytes Diskidentifier:0x000f0739 DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem /dev/sda1*11310240083Linux Partition1doesnotendoncylinderboundary. /dev/sda21352354194304083Linux /dev/sda352355757419430483Linux /dev/sda4575713055586168325Extended