2019届高三英语第十次考试试题(含解析).doc

2019届高三英语第十次考试试题(含解析)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。)请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。These hotels dont have all the necessary facilities but each of them offers something different. Dont miss them if you travel to Canada.Sleep on a train at the Train Station Inn. This hotel is in an old train station in Nova Scotia. The owners, James and Shelley Le Fresne, use the station and the train as rooms. There are seven old cars and there is also a restaurant in the dining car, Prices are from S 89 to $ 169 per room or traincar.Sleep in a jail in the Canadian capital, Ottawa. Here, you can sleep in the old downtown Ottawa Jail Hostel. There are group or private bedrooms. There are still bars on the doors! Prices are from $25 to $65. Dont worry, there arent any criminals there !Sleep in a tepee (a tent of the American Indians) at a UNESCO World Heritage site in Alberta. At this hotel, there are guided tours and lessons in local culture. The best part: sleeping in a real tepee outside. The price is around $300, or $620 for a full package.Sleep in a lighthouse at the Quirpon Lighthouse Inn. This hotel is on Newfoundlands Quirpon Island. There are great views of the ocean from the windows. There are 11private rooms in total. Prices are from $ 225 for a single to $ 350 for a suite. Meals are included in the restaurant. The hotel has the traditional look and feel of the lighthouse, so there is no Internet, TV or telephones in the rooms. There are tours available, and boat tours to the island are included.1. What can you do if you choose the Train Station Inn?A. Shop in the old train cars.B. Learn how to drive the train.C. Have meals in the dining car.D. Enjoy a rail tour of Nova Scotia.2. In what way is staying in a tepee in Alberta special?A. It serves local food to diners.B. You can sleep in the open air.C. You can tour Alberta for free.D. It offers lessons on making tepees.3. Which is unavailable at the Quirpon Lighthouse Inn?A. Private rooms.B. Guided tours.C. Daily meals.D. The Internet.4. Youll pay the least if you choose to sleep_A. in the Ottawa Jail HostelB. at the Train Station InnC. in a tepee in AlbertaD. at the Quirpon Lighthouse Inn【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A【解析】1. C细节理解题。根据第二段.Sleep on a train at the Train Station Inn中的“there is also a restaurant in the dining car”可知火车车站假日酒店有餐车是一个餐厅。因此可以在餐车上就餐，分析选项可知C项正确。2. B细节理解题。根据本部分中的“The best part: sleeping in a real tepee outside.” 最好的部分：睡在房外的帐篷里。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B项。3. D细节理解题。根据Sleep in a lighthouse at the Quirpon Lighthouse Inn部分中的“There are 11 private rooms in totalMeals are included in the restaurant. so there is no Internet, TV or telephones in the rooms. There are tours available, and boat tours to the island are included.”可知A、B、C都有，就是没有网络，分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。4. A推理判断题。分析文章中的“in the Ottawa Jail Hostel (Prices are from $ 25 to $ 65.)；at the Train Station Inn(from $ 89 to $ 169 per room)；in a tepee in Alberta ($ 300, or $ 620 for a full package.)；at the Quirpon Lighthouse Inn($ 225 for a single to $ 350 for a suite) ”内容分析出可知，选择住在渥太华监狱招待所最便宜，分析选项可知A项正确。BEarlier this month, two rock climbers achieved what many thought impossible: They climbed up the 3,000-foot-high Dawn Wall in Yosemite National Park without specialized equipment. Climbing without this equipment is called “free-climbing.” Until now, no one had free-climbed to the top of the rock face, which is a part of the mountain EI Capitan.EI Capitan, which means “the captain” or “the chief” in Spanish, has always presented a challenge to climbers. But the Dawn Wall, on the mountains southeast face, is a particularly difficult route to the summit (顶峰). It is a rock formation that is both steep and relatively smooth. This makes free-climbing the rock face seem almost impossible.About seven years ago, professional climber Tommy Caldwell spotted a possible route up the wall. It took years of planning and preparation, but this month, Caldwell, 36, and his friend Kevin Jorgeson, 30, finally made the climb.Free climbers do use ropes and other basic safety equipment to catch them if they falland Caldwell and Jorgeson fell often. Before starting their climb, they broke down their route into 32 sections. Each section was based on a rope length called a “pitch.” The rope was secured into the rock face to catch the climbers if they fell.Caldwell and Jorgesons goal was to climb the Dawn Wall without returning to the ground. If they fell, they had to start that pitch all over again. The two men started climbing on December 27. They slept in hanging tents, and a team of friends brought them food each day.The men had spent years rehearsing (排练) the movements it would take to get through each pitch. They made it through the first half of the climb relatively easily. But halfway up, Jorgeson ran into trouble. In one difficult spot, he fell each time he attempted to climb. After 10 days of trying, Jorgeson finally made it to the next pitch.Getting through that troublesome pitch gave both climbers renewed energy. They finished the rest of the climb five days later, on January 14.5. What does Paragraph 2 mainly explain?A. Why the Dawn Wall is a hard challenge.B. Why people prefer climbing EI Capitan.C. How to free-climb the Dawn Wall.D. How EI Capitan got its name.6. To climb Yosemites Dawn Wall, what did Caldwell and Jorgeson do?A. They received one years trainingB. They chose the nearest routeC. They made thoughtful preparationsD. They used special equipment7. What can we learn about this worlds toughest climb?A. It includes 32 different routes.B. It is also the worlds highest climb.C. It was once pleted by Caldwell 7 years ago.D. It took the two climbers 19 days to get to the top.【答案】5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】爬上the Dawn Wall是一个艰难的挑战，Caldwell 和 Jorgeson用了19天爬上了山顶。5. A段落大意题。根据第二段the Dawn Wall, on the mountains southeast face, is a particularly difficult route to the summit (顶峰). It is a rock formation that is both steep and relatively smooth. This makes free-climbing the rock face seem almost impossible.可知，第二段主要解释the Dawn Wall为什么是一个艰难的挑战。故选A。6. C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句The men had spent years rehearsing (排练) the movements it would take to get through each pitch.可知，为了爬Yosemites Dawn Wall，Caldwell and Jorgeson做了深思熟虑的准备。故答案为C。7. D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The two men started climbing on December 27.和最后一段最后一句They finished the rest of the climb five days later, on January 14.可知，这两个爬山者用了19天爬上了山顶。故答案为D。CResearchers have found that being grateful isnt just a nice personal quality that leads to good manners. I also leads to a great payoff. By being truly thankful for all that life provides, a child has more chance of being emotionally, and socially Successful.“Gratitude opens your mind and lets you recognize the goodness in your life,” says Froh, a psychology professor who has conducted eight studios on gratitude over the past three years. According to Froh, a grateful child feels more connected and loved. After all, if hes able to understand that many others care enough to make an effort for him, his life is improved. When older children aged 14 to 19 are able to acknowledge their good fortune, theyre more likely to be happy and experience lower levels of depression, envy and selfness.For the past decade, experts like Froh have been conducting “gratitude interventions(干预)”, in which kids are encouraged to do a series of exercises, from writing a thank-you note to reciting it to make a gratitude journal, Overall, the results have been encouraging: Just in parison with adults, it seems that children bee more grateful.Yet there remains much to be learned about children and gratitude. Theres some evidence suggesting that girls are more grateful than boys, Also, Froh says that while theres not yet any hard data, theres possibility that a childs ability to be grateful depends on his or her age. One study looked at gratitude and life satisfaction in kids aged 3 to 9 and found that only 7 to 9-year-olds followed the example set by their parents in their ability to feel true gratitude. Most 3 to 6-year-olds dont have the emotional development to see outside themselves enough to be truly grateful.So how do people apply these newfound scientific findings? Froh encourages parents not to mand children to express their thanks, but to let them show gratitude in whatever way is most fortable. As Froh points out, children learn best when grown-ups model the very behavior theyd like to see in their kids.8. What can we know about children who are grateful?A. They are less likely to feel depressed.B. They seem to be more thoughtful.C. They feel proud of others good fortune.D. They attach importance to selfness.9. How do the experts conduct gratitude interventions?A. By asking kids to do hard work.B. By paring kids with adults.C. By guiding kids to follow good examples.D. By encouraging kids to express their thanks.10. What does Froh advise parents to do?A. Show kids true gratitude.B. Set a good example to kids.C. Provide a fortable life for kids.D. Tell kids how to express gratitude.11. What may be the best title for the text?A. A New Scientific FindingB. The Power of GratitudeC. Children and GratitudeD. How to Express Gratitude【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C【解析】本文讲的是孩子和感激。懂得感激的孩子他们不太可能感到沮丧，父母要为孩子树立榜样。8. A推理判断题。根据第二段中According to Froh, a grateful child feels more connected and loved.和When older children aged 14 to 19 are able to acknowledge their good fortune, theyre more likely to be happy and experience lower levels of depression, envy and selfness.可知，懂得感激的孩子他们不太可能感到沮丧。故答案为A。9. D细节理解题。根据第三段中experts like Froh have been conducting “gratitude interventions(干预)”, in which kids are encouraged to do a series of exercises, from writing a thank-you note to reciting it to make a gratitude journal, Overall, the results have been encouraging可知，专家通过鼓励孩子们表达他们的谢意来进行“gratitude interventions(干预)”,由此可知答案为D。10. B推理判断题。根据最后一段Froh encourages parents not to mand children to express their thanks, but to let them show gratitude in whatever way is most fortable. As Froh points out, children learn best when grown-ups model the very behavior theyd like to see in their kids.可知Froh建议父母为孩子树立榜样。故答案为B。11. C主旨大意题。根据第一段Researchers have found that being grateful isnt just a nice personal quality that leads to good manners. I also leads to a great payoff. By being truly thankful for all that life provides, a child has more chance of being emotionally, and socially Successful.和文章最后一句As Froh points out, children learn best when grown-ups model the very behavior theyd like to see in their kids.可知，本文讲的是孩子和感激。故选C。DWhen you meet someone for the first time, do you put across a good impression? And what do we mean by “good” in the context? According to Presence, a new book by Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy, people assess you on two main criteria when they first meet you:1. Can I trust this person? 2. Can I respect this person?Your level of trustworthiness, or warmth, is the most important factor in how people initially admire you, Cuddy saysyet many mistakenly believe that the second factor, characterized as petence, is more important. “From an evolutionary aspect,” Cuddy writes, “it is more important to our survival to know whether a person deserves our trust.”While displaying petence is certainly beneficial, particularly in a work setting, Cuddy warns that focusing on winning peoples respect, while failing to win their trust, can backfirea mon problem for young professionals attempting to make a good impression early on in their careers.“If someone youre trying to influence doesnt trust you, youre not going to get very far”, Cuddy says, “A warm, trustworthy person who is also strong elicits(博得) admiration, but only after youve established trust does your strength bee a gift rather than a threat.”In Cuddys book she also explains some of the science that can help you spot a liar.When a person is lying there is likely to be differences between what they are saying and what they are doing,“Lying is hard work,” she writes, “Were telling one story while suppressing(压制)another, and most of us are experiencing psychological guilt about doing this, which were also try ring suppress. We just dont have the brainpower to manage it all without letting something gowithout leaking.”“Its about how well or poorly our multiple channels of municationsfacial expressions, posture, movement, vocal qualities, speech-co-operate,” she adds.“When were consciously looking for signs of cheat or truth, we pay too much attention to words and not enough to the external body language,” the professor adds. “Truth reveals itself more clearly through actions than it does through our words.”12. According to Amy Cuddy, which is most significant in putting across a good impression?A. Level of knowledge.B. Level of reliability.C. Level of petence.D. Level of flexibility.13. What is the meaning of the underlined word “backfire” in the passage?A. Cause something unpleasant to happen.B. Add more fuel to make a bigger fire.C. Have an unexpected and undesired effect.D. Walk backwards and make a fire.14. Which of the following is NOT true of Professor Cuddys concepts?A. Trust is more important than respect to win a good impression in meeting people for the first time.B. Young people tend to win peoples respect instead of winning peoples trust early in their careers.C. How far away a person goes depends on whether he or she establishes trust among people around.D. Liars are unlikely to be identified in that their words match their actions well.15. What can be learned according to the passage?A. Some people tend to think displaying petence to gain respect makes a good impression.B. A liar always experiences a feeling of guilt when a lie is leaked.C. When multiple channels of munication co-operate poorly, a liar can hardly be spotted.D. Words and actions are equally significant in deciding whether a person is trustworthy.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】当你第一次见到某人时，你是否给人留下了良好的印象？本文就如何给人留下好的印象展开了讨论。有些人倾向于认为展示能力以获得尊重会给人留下好印象，而按着Amy Cuddy所说Level of reliability.更重要。12. B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Your level of trustworthiness, or warmth, is the most important factor in how people initially admire you, Cuddy says可知，在给人留下好印象的时候Level of reliability最重要。故选B。13. C词义猜测题。根据第三段中Cuddy warns that focusing on winning peoples respect, while failing to win their trust, can backfire Cuddy警告说，虽然没能赢得他们的信任，但是专注于赢得人们的尊重能够backfirea mon problem for young professionals attempting to make a good impression early on in their careers. 对于年轻的专业人士来说，这是一个常见的问题，他们试图在职业生涯早期给人留下好印象。由此推知划线意思是“出乎意料的结果”，故选C。14. D15. A推理判断题。根据第二段中yet many mistakenly believe that the second factor, characterized as petence, is more important. 然而，许多人错误地认为，第二个因素，即能力，更重要。也就是说有些人倾向于认为展示能力以获得尊重会给人留下好印象。故选A。第二节(共5小題: 每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Different CulturesThe cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. _16_.The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. _17_.When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plainthe Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. _18_Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlanta Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the European culture a lot.At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom municate until recent centuries. _19_The differences are everywhere. _20_But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.A. Let us work together to keep a variety of cultures.B. And these two are well- known as the base of the European culture.C. One important thing is to learn about other cultures.D. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.E. They are obvious and affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world.F. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.G. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other.【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. E【解析】本文属于科普文章。本文介绍东西方文化的起源及发展和它们之间的差异。 16. D考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。下文都是与两种不同的文化体系有关，说明这是造就文化差异总的原因，而D项（这是因为文化系统总体上是两个独立的系统。）中内容与下文内容相对应的。故选D项。17. F考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据“Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers-the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India .”中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的则是印度河，分析F项（它们帮助两种文化发展了几个世纪，形成了自己的风格。）与上句为承接关系，前者指的是两种文化的发展，故选项。18. B考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。上句中提到的“When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up”相对应的。另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原-美索不达米亚文明，即后来的古罗马文化和希腊文化。而B项（希腊和古罗马文化是欧洲文化的根基”与上文相对应），故选B项。19. G考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“But what s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom municate until recent centuries.” 更重要的是，由于遥远的东方和欧美地区之间的