写作微技能之概要ppt课件

写作微技能之概要写作,把最易失去的分捡起来,1,学习目标：1.了解概要写作的要求2.学会使用把握大意和分析结构进行概要写作。,2,考试说明（2015年版）解读：概要写作。提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。阅读时将主要考虑以下内容：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况,3,评分原则1.总分25分，按5个档次给分。（21-25.)2.评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于40的和多余80的，从总分中减去2分。4.评分时，应注意从以下四个方面考虑：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。6.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数减低一个档次。,4,我对概要写作的理解：1.主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的慨括能力和对文章整体结构的把握能力。是基于阅读理解的书面表达，是阅读与写作的完美结合。2.概要写作就是对所读的文章写出中心思想。要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句。,5,举例说明：写出中心思想。要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句。,ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweekandsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervacation.概括为：Shebroughthomealotofbookstoreadduringthewintervacation.,6,常用的概要写作的技巧1.把握全文大意2.分析文章结构3.使用主题句4.提炼关键词5.选取重要层面6.合并分层意思7.转换视角8.省略细节9.减少例子,7,10.简化描写11.避免细节12.主动与被动适时转换13.根据需要使用并列句或复合句14.句子变短语15.短语变为词汇16.多用概括性词汇，少用具体的描述性词汇17.使用连接词过渡,8,18.改变单词词性19.三步法概括议论文20.要素串联法概括记叙文21.用概括性文字概括说明文,9,概要写作第一招学会概要写作就是要把握全文大意,10,微技能训练（用一句话概括全文）,11,1.Whatisyourfavoriterestaurant?MineisFridays,ofcourse!AtFridaysIcanorderanykindofWesternfoodIlike,suchashamburger,salad,Frenchfries,steak,andallkindsofsandwiches.Thewaitersandwaitressesworefunnyandinterestingclothes,too,andtheywereworkingalwayswithsmile.AlthoughFridaysisnotascheapasMcDonalds,itisnotexpensive,either.Withitsgoodfood,greatserviceandreasonableprice,Fridaysismyfavoriterestaurant.,12,2.Myfatheraskedmetohelphimpaintournewapartmentyesterdaymorning.AtfirstIwantedtowatchTVorgooutwithmyfriends.Afterthinkingaboutit,though,IrealizedthatIshouldhelparoundourhouse,too.Besides,myfatheroftendoesalotofthingsforme.Weworkedtogetherallmorningandafternoon.BydinnertimeIwastiredandhungry,butIfeltgood.Wefinishedthepainting,andthehouselookedandsmellednew.Playingaroundisnottheonlywaytofeelgood.Thewriterworkedveryhardyesterday,buthefeltreallygoodattheendofthatlongday.,13,3.Youmaythinkthattheringhasadiamondinit,butitdoesnt.Youmaythinkthattheringismadeofgold,butitisnt.Youmaythinkthattheringwasveryexpensive,butmyboyfriendmadeitwithlove.Thatiswhyitwasmyfavoritegift.Myfavoritegiftisaringfrommyboyfriendwithlove.,14,4.Myparentsandteachersalwaystoldmenottosmoke,butIwantedtotryit.MybestfriendDavidsmokes,andonedayhegavemeacigarette.“Here,trythis.”hesaid,“Youlllikeit.”AtfirstIputthewrongendofthecigaretteintomymouth,butDavidshowedmehowtodoitright.Thenhelitit.Oh,myGod!Icoughedforalmostanhour,andthenIthrewup.Smokingisbadforourhealth.,15,巩固训练,Myhusbandreceivedaletterfromayoungwomanwhohadbeenhisstudentwhenshewasinmiddleschool.Shewaswritingbecauseshewantedtothankhimforhavingagreatinfluenceonherlife.Inthelettershewrote,“Youweretheteacherwhohelpedmediscovermytalentformath.Ihadbeenterriblypooratmath,andhadneverthoughtIwouldbeinterestedinit.Thankstoyourencouragement,Imadecontinuousprogressinmath,andtodayIamworkingasamathprofessorinCaliforniaCollege.”Whatawonderfulgifttoaretiredteacher!Myhusbandhasreceivedmanyletters.Thisonewasspecial.,16,点拨：1.谁做了什么？（Whodidwhat?).myhusbandreceivedaletterfromayoungwoman.shewantedtothankhimforhisencouragement2.结果怎么样？（Whatwastheresult?).awonderfulgifttoaretiredteacher3.文章揭示了什么，说明了什么道理？(Whatwasthemeaning?).agoodteachermighthavegreateffectonhisstudents概要归纳：Thestorytellsusthataformerstudentwrotetotheauthorshusbandathankfulletter,whichmeantalottohim.Fromtheletter,thewriterlearntthatagoodteachermighthaveagreateffectonhisstudents.,17,概要写作第二招学会概要归纳就是要分析文章结构,18,AtypicalChinesefamilyinthepastwasquitelarge.MostChinesefamiliesconsistedofthreegenerationswhosharedthesameroof.ButnowtheChinesefamilyhaschangedagreatdeal.Thetraditionallargefamiliesaregraduallydisappearingandinstead,withthehousingreformandduetothefamilyplanning,one-childfamilywithonlytheparentsandachildisquitecommonintodayssociety.Withthechangeofthefamilystructure,however,afewdisadvantageshavearisen.Aspoiled“littleemperor”isfoundeverywhere.Besides,whowilltakecareoftheold?,19,点拨：本文讲了三层意思。第一层：过去典型中国家庭模式（atypicalChinesefamilyinthepast)。第二层：现代家庭模式的变化形式（ThechangingformofthemodernChinesefamily).第三层：家庭结构变化所带来的不利之处（ThedisadvantagesofthechangeoftheChinesefamily),20,Astimegoesby,thestructureoftheChinesefamilyischanging.AtypicalChinesefamilywasquitelarge,butnowithaschangedintoasmallerone,whichhasbroughtmanydisadvantagestooursociety.,21,9+1高中联盟期中考概要写作,结构分析：1.Wheredoalltheserivalriescomefrom?（竞争的来源，抓住some.Others.)2.Rivalriesvaryamongdifferentsports.(不同的体育运动带来不同程度的竞争）3.Dotherivalriesdogoodorharmtotheathletes?(竞争会更有可能给运动员带来伤害）,22,课文概要写作范例,IvisitedFuturoscopelastweekandexperiencedvariousactivites.Futuroscope,aspace-ageparkinFrance,wasopenedin1987.Everythinghereisdevelopedbyusingadvancedtechnology.Besides,hands-onlearningcentresgiveyouchancestolearninanewway.Ifyouvisitthepark,Convenientservicesareoffered.Everyonewillenjoyactiviteshere.,23,巩固训练(用30个词概括下列文章）,24,Thoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.Trafficisthefirstandoftenmostseriousproblem.Duringtherushtime,allthestreetsarejammed.Airpollutioncomessecond.Factoriesandcarsareconstantlygivingofsmokeandharmfulgases.Iftheweatherisbad,youwillfindthewholecityovercastwithsmog.However,noise,andviolencearetobefoundineverybigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.,25,Bigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,buttheycertainl