CET4作文类型一议论文(对比或选择观点分析).doc

n 大学英语四级写作备考四大步骤 根据多年的教学经验，四级写作备考可分为四大步骤： 一、背诵：首先认真研究历年四级写作真题，重点研究2003年6月2008年12月的真题，分析近年来四级写作的出题规律和考试重点，从语言、结构、内容三大层面，认真研读经典写作真题范文：语言方面学习范文中的精彩词汇、词组、句型；结构方面学习范文的框架结构、内在逻辑、关联词、同义替换和代词替换；内容方面学习范文的论点、论据和论证。同时背诵精彩写作范文，要求滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善，扎扎实实提高自己的写作实力。 二、默写：背诵熟练之后默写下来，仔细对照原文，会发现你默写的文章与原文有一些语法、拼写、标点的区别，这些区别就是你的写作弱点，学习关键在于针锋突破，不要全面出击。这些弱点正是你在考试中扣分的原因所在，把这些弱点意义克服，分数自然就会提高。三、中译英：首先将写作真题范文译为中文，或参考范文的正确译文，然后进行中译英的工作，根据自己的理解把中文译为英文，最后对照英文原文，你会发现你的译文与原文存在较大的差别，这些差别正是你写作低分的症结所在。同样的一个中文句子，仔细对比一下你使用了哪些词汇、词组和句型，原文使用了哪些，这样你的写作水平才会逐渐提高。 四、写作：进行完上述工作之后，在考前必须进行写作的工作，只有动笔写作，才会发现自己的问题。可以写510篇真题或模拟题，模仿自己曾经背诵过的精彩词汇、词组、句型、框架和范文，写出一篇新的文章。最初不要求速度，但考前一定要进行模考，半小时写出一篇120150词的文章。写完之后仔细修改其中的语言错误，将其改的更加精彩。 英语写作基础不太好的四级考生，必须按照上述步骤严格进行；基础较好的考生学习顺序正好相反，首先写作，直接写作四级真题；其次中译英，在研读原文之前，进行中译英的工作，译完对比，找出差距；然后背诵；最后默写。同时可以准备自己的写作框架，应用文和论说文分别形成固定的写法，积累精彩句型。 多读、多写、多改，写作高分不是梦！CET-4写作强化套用经典句型（按作文类型及谋篇分类）Unit 2作文类型一（议论文）：对比或选择观点型第一段：展现问题、现象，从而引出人们所持的不同观点问题的常用词：question, problem, issue (一)展现问题 Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that. 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是_。As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes。 然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看；Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法） As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.随着社会的发展，人们开始关注.As to whether it is worthwhile ., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得_的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。Recently, the issue of . has been brought into public focus/concern. 近来，_的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in peoples attitude towards some traditional practice. 现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。 Recently the issue of whether or not . has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. 近来，是否_的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。（二）引出不同观点 Peoples views on. vary from person to person. Some hold that. . However, others believe that.人们对.的观点因人而异.有些人认为.然而其他人却认为 People may have different opinions on.人们对.可能会有不同的见解。Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。There are different opinions among people as to.关于. 人们的观点大不相同。Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同。 Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that.最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心_。The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。 At present, some people think .while others claim .Both sides have their merits. 目前，一些人认为_而另一些人则认为_。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。 People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue. 对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。 People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case. 不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。 The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue. 这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。 When asked ., some people think. while some prefer. 说到_，有人认为_，而另一些人则认为_。 Just as the saying goes: so many people, so many minds. It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person. 俗话说，。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。 To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes. 对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。 When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but other people regard .as . 提到_问题，很多人认为_，不过，一些人则认为_是_. When faced with., quite a few people claim that ., but other people think as. 提到_问题，仅少数人认为_，但另一些人则认为_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . There who criticize .argue that ., they believe that .,but people who favor ., on the other hand, argue that. 目前，_问题争议较大。批判_的人认为_，他们认为_，不过，另一方面，赞同_的人则认为_。第二段：再次阐述对立观点一并分析原因（一）再次阐述对立观点一 Some people are of the opinion that. 有些人认为_。 Many/A majority of/ A large number of people claim that. 很多/绝大多数人认为_。 Some people contend that . has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages) 有些人认为_有很多有利之处（不利之处）。 Those who argue for . say that .economic development of the cities. 觉得_的人认为，_ 城市的经济发展。 Some people advocate that . 有些人在坚持认为_。 They hold that . 他们认为_。 People, who advocate that ., have their sound reasons (grounds) 坚持认为_的人也有其说法（依据）。 Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it. 那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。 Those who strongly approve of . have cogent reasons for it. 强烈认同_的人有很多原因。 Many people would claim that. 有人会认为_。People who support . give some or all of the following reasons. 那些支持_观点的人列出了如下原因：_。 In my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration. 我认为，我们需要考虑下列因素/原因： There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why.-(as follows). 造成这种现象的原因如下：（二）分析原因）原因一： And I would like to present two explanations for this: 对于此，我有如下两点愚见： The reasons are chiefly as follows. 主要原因如下： There are numerous reasons why _, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. 为什么_，原因很多，在此列举几个较为重要的原因。 The reasons are presented below. 原因如下。 There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows. 以下这些是造成这一问题的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意义/明显/至关重要的原因。This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因) of following points. 这基于以下的原因。The main reason is that. 主要原因是_。One very important argument for . is that. _的非常重要的原因便是_。The reasons are quite clear. Above all, . 原因非常清楚。首先（首要的是）_。The first reason can be seen by every person. 第一个原因其实很明显。The first and most important reason is that. 第一个而且最重要的原因是_。One of the reasons that are given for.is that. _的原因之一是_。Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that. 也许，原因很简单，亦即_。One of the premier causes is that(注意用词) 最重要的原因之一便是_。At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in one saying. 这个原因可能较简单，不过，我认为可以用一句谚语来概括，_。We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for . Is . 其实有很多原因，不过，造成_的最重要的原因是_。2) 原因二：It might also be noted that. 需要注意的是，_。Another reason why .(凑字数，但不可滥用) is that.(有利于写长句)What is also worth noticing is that. 值得一提的是_。There is another factor that deserves some words here. 还有另外一个很重要的原因。A more essential factor why. Is that _ 的更为重要的原因是_。A further reason why, is that. _的更深层次的原因是_。In addition.此外，再者,_.Moving on to wider themes,_. 展开来说，_。The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that. 第二个原因也很重要（值得考虑），亦即_。Likewise(同样), common sense tells us that. 同样，_，这是众所周知的。3) 原因三：The third but very important reason is that. 第三个（尽管不是很重要）原因是_。The third, not the last is that. 第三个原因是_。The last factor to be taken seriously is. 第三个重要原因是_。最后的原因常用过渡表达：Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.第三段：再次阐述并分析对立观点二观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。问题用词：issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。（一）再次阐述对立观点二 But others hold the view that .但是，另外一些人则认为_。 But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that., 不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_。 But people who are ., on the other hand , maintain that. 不过，另一方面，_的人认为_。However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case. 然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。 However, some others argue that. 然而，另一些人则认为_。 However, there are also some others who contend that. 然而，也有人认为_。 But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case. 不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。 Some people examine this issue from another angle. 有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly . 另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_。（二）分析原因同观点一第四段：提出个人观点表达不确定的用词：may, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to. According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer . rather than. 根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_而不会选择_。 Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion. 就我个人而言，我支持后者（前者）_。 Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view. 就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。 To my point of view 我认为 To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks（disadvantages, shortcomings） 我认为，优点胜过缺点。 For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that. 就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点_。 As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view. 在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。 After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that. 经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即_。 If asked to make a decision, I would prefer. 如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿_。 Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view. 比较两种观点进行比较，我较同意后一种观点，亦即_。 When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to . 对两种观点进行综合考虑之后，我较认同_。If it is up to me to make a choice between . and . I would rather choose . over. 如果要我在_和_之间进行选择，我会在基于某个原因的基础上选择. .If I were faced with the decision, I would follow .如果要我抉择，我会_。 At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to. 虽然可能过于直接，不过，我还是选择_。Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that.把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论.Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that.考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论.Hence/Therefore, wed better come to the conclusion that.因此,我们最好得出这样的结论.【范文参考】【题目01】CET-4 (2006.1)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1、 名校校园正成为旅游热点；2、 校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同；3、 我认为【范文】Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?Nowadays, with the development of society and economy and the improvement of peoples living standard, tourism has grown to be a new booming industry. Places with different styles of tourist resources have become tourist destinations, among which the campuses of prestigious universities turn out to be a new focus.Opinions on whether university campuses should be open to tourists vary from individual to individual. Proponents consider it beneficial to both the university and the tourist. The university may be better understood by the visitor, which may enhance its reputation and help attract more talented applicants. On the other hand, young children, when absorbed in the noble atmosphere, may be stimulated to work even harder to realize their dream of attending universities. Opponents argue that the inflow of tourists may be a disturbance to normal teaching activities.Every advantage has its disadvantage. In my viewpoint, the benefits outweigh the drawbacks on the condition that proper visiting time is scheduled. Anyway, universities should not only be an ivory tower to college students, but also a tourist attraction to all people.【题目02】CET-4 (2006.12)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Spring Festival Gala on CCTV. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1、许多人喜欢在除夕观看春节联欢晚会；2、有些人却提出取消春节联欢晚会；3、在我看来【范文】Spring Festival Gala on CCTVThe CCTV Spring Festival Gala is one of Chinas most popular annual television events, watched by millions of people on the eve of the lunar New Year. However, in recent years, the 4-hour show is losing its appeal, especially to youngsters.People in increasing numbers choose not to watch the show. They claim that the stereotyped Gala should give way to diverse modern celebrations. However, some other people are faithful audience of it. They argue that the Evening Gala has somewhat become a tradition since it was initiated in the 1980s. Whats more, watching the show is an indispensable part of the festival for them.Though the Gala is no longer popular with young people, I myself enjoy watching the show with my family. Yet to maintain the interest of the young generation, the organizing committee should develop a program more exciting, more colorful and more entertaining the previous ones. For example, its a good idea to invite some big names in Chinas film and music industries to perform on the Gala stage.【题目03】模拟题目Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Overseas Study. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1、有人认为出国留学是个人发展的最佳选择；2、也有人坚持在国内也能实现自己的理想；3、我的看法【范文】On Overseas StudyWith the deepening of reform and opening-up of our country, many people dream of going abroad for further study. They insist that the modern research facilities, world famous professors and excellent environment in those foreign colleges and universities can help lay a perfect foundation for their future development.However, there are still many people who favor studying at home. They argue that studying abroad is too expensive and therefore doesnt pay. They also point out that there are no language and cultural barriers of they study in our country.Jus as the old saying goes, “Every advantage has its disadvantage.” Both opinions are acceptable in some sense. If students have the chance and financial resources, they should seize the opportunity to go abroad and broaden their eyes. On the other hand, if conditions dont permit, they can pursue their studies in top universities at home. What counts is not the place where they study, but what they can learn.【题目04】模拟题目Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Opinion on Campus Love. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. Some people are strongly against campus love.2. Some people accept it.3. My view.【范文】My Opinion on Campus LoveCampus love isnt a newly-born phenomenon. Some people are strongly against it while some other think its natural. I dont advocate campus love for the following reasons.First of all, undergraduates are neither fully psychologically mature nor able to assume the responsibility, especially freshmen and sophomores. Second, they may indulge in it, thus dilapidating their study, which isnt rare. Third, some just take advantage of it to kill time, to avoid boredom and to have someone keep company. Whats more, some change dating “partners” frequently, holding a paradox opinion that they could show off their charm or accumulate experience, but more often than not, they would leave a bad impression, such as lacking the sense of responsibility, on others, especially their former sweethearts. Last, the proportion of successful couples is too low. The overwhelming majority reach the same end-parting just before graduation, forced by reality.So, look before you leap. Discard camps love and make a wiser decision after graduation.【题目05】模拟题目Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Computers in Students Flats. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1、 现在大学生宿舍几乎人手一台电脑；2、 有些人认为会促进学生的学习，有些人认为会影响学生的学习；3、 你的看法【范文】Computers in Students FlatsNowadays, an increasing number of students flats have computers installed in them. Computer presents a vivid world in front of students. But there is no agreement among people concerning the effects of computers in students flats.Some people contend that computers in students apartments will have a bad influence on their study. Influenced by each other, students will become indulged in computer games or surfing the Internet without paying more attention on study. However, others maintain that computers in students apartments will promote their study. If they encounter some problems about study, they can log on the Internet and search for related information without going to ask for their teachers frequently.For my part, it is the most important thing for students to make proper use of the computers in dorms. While students enjoy the convenience of computers, they should be alert to problems of computers. Addicted to playing games or surfing aimlessly on the Internet will do much harm. Otherwise, any attempt to use computer for study will end up as nothing but an empty dream.【题目06】模拟题目Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Arrange Your Time at College? . You should write at least 120 words following the outline