大学英语四级写作翻译.ppt

大学英语四级考试应试策略,CET-4,BriefIntroduction,考试时间:125分数:710及格:NO成绩报告单:220口语报考资格:550六级报考线:425,样卷结构、各部分答题时间和所用答题卡,考试时间安排,8:50-9:00收音机调试，发答题卡9:00-9:30作文（30min)9:30发试题册9:30-9:45快速阅读(15min)9:45-10:00收答题卡一（作文、快速阅读）最后调试试音，准备听力（预览选项）10:00-10:35听力（35min)注题目前没有指令10:35-11:30选词填空、仔细阅读、完形填空11:30翻译（5min)11:35全体起立，收答题卡二和试题册,写作和翻译,写作和翻译部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力。写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确，意义连贯、无重大语法错误。翻译部分要求考生用正确的语法结构和符合英语习惯的表达，将单句中的汉语译成英语。,写作部分考核的技能,A思想表达1表达中心思想2表达重要或特定信息3表达观点、态度等B篇章组织4围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点5连贯地组句成段，组段成篇C语言运用6运用恰当的词汇7运用正确的语法8运用合适的句子结构9使用正确的标点符号10运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）D写作格式11运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式,四级作文题评分原则,1.CET作文题采用总体评分(GlobalScoring)方法。阅卷人就总的印象给出奖励分(RewardScores)，而不是按照语言点的错误数目扣分。2.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合判断。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而合适地表达思想，也就是考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。,评分标准,1.作文满分为15分。2.阅卷标准分为五等：2分、5分、8分、11分、14分。3.评分标准：2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子有错误，且多数为严重错误5分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语言错误。8分基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯、但有少量语言错误14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺、连贯，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。（注：字数不足应酌情扣分。白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个鼓励的词而无表达思想，则给0分。）,PartVWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaCampaignSpeech.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:1.你认为自己具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作2.如果当选,你将为本校同学做些什么ACampaignSpeechTodayIamverygladtorunforthepresidentoftheStudentsUnion.IamjuniorinChemicalDepartment.SinceIcameintotheuniversity,Ihavealwaysbeenthemonitorofmyclass.Ihavedoneaverygoodjobformyclassmates,andmyclassmatesandmyteacherallgivemeagoodpraise.Iamgoodatcommunicationandorganizing.AndIliketohelpothers.Moreover,Ihaveavarietyofhobbies,forexample,playingbasketball,playingfootball,playingtabletennis,etc.IamsurethatIamqualifiedforthisposition.IfIbecomethepresident,Iwilltrymybesttodowell.Iwillorganizesomesuitableactivitiesforyou.Iwilldomanythingsforyoutoreachyourdemandsaswell.Isincerelyhopeyouwillgivemeachance,andpleasebelievemethatIwillbeagoodpresident.Thankyou.,真题作文题目,DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling(2010.6)CreatingaGreenCampus(2009.12)FreeAdmissiontoMuseums(2009.6)LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags(2008.12)RecreationalActivities(2008.6)WhatElectivestoChoose(2007.12)WelcometoJoininOurClub(2007.6)OntheSpringFestivalGala(2006.12)OnStudentsSelectingLectures(2006.6)ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourism?(2005.12),1.说明利弊题型（2009年6月）,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofFreeAdmissiontoMuseums.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.越来越多的博物馆免费开放，目的是什么也会带来一些问题你的看法,2008年6月写作真题,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofRecreationalActivities.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.娱乐活动多种多样娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性作为大学生我的看法,说明利弊题型模板1,Nowadaysmanypeopleprefer(_)becauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generallyspeaking,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.Ononehand,(_).Onetheotherhand,(_).Buteveryswordhastwoblades.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheprominentdisadvantagesisthat(_).Tomakemattersworse,(_).Throughtheaboveanalysis,IbelievethatThepositiveaspectsfaroutweighsitsnegativeaspects.Whatevereffectsithas,onethingiscertain,(_)itselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheuseswhichisputonitthatdeterminesitsvaluetooursociety.,说明利弊题型模板2,Thereisnoconsensusamongpeopleastotheviewof(_).Theopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleholdtheideathat(_).Acaseinpointisthat(_).Ontheotherhand,othermayhaveaquitedifferentview.Accordingtothem,(_).Themosttypicalexampleisthat(_).Weighingtheprosandconsofthesearguments,Iaminclinedtoagreewiththelatter.Admittedly,theformerpointofviewseemsreasonableinsayingtosomeextent,but(_)ismoreconvincing.,相似预测,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofFreeAdmissiontoParks.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.越来越多的公园免费开放，目的是什么也会带来一些问题你的看法,范文,FreeAdmissiontoParks(1)Toencouragepeopletogooutsideandrelax,amountingnumberofparksofferfreeadmissionnow.Peoplebenefitfromitespeciallyduringthesetougheconomictimes.(2)Withfreeentry,morepeoplewillhaveopportunityforaffordablevacationsforfamilies,takingpleasureinthenaturallandscape.Freshairandlandscapeintheparksaregoodforpeople.(3)However,toomanypeopleflockingintotheparksmightnotbesogoodfortheparks.(4)Forexample,somevisitorsleavethegarbagebehind,whichmaycauseenvironmentalpollution.Peoplesbarbequesandstampingwillalsobringdamagetothegrasslandandothergreeneriesintheparks.(5)Asauniversitystudent,Imfavoroffreeadmissiontotheparks.Freeentrytoparksnotonlysavespeoplescultureexpenditure,butalsomakesthingsfairer-peoplelikethepoorandstudentscangototheparksfrequentlyaswell.(6)Ontheotherhand,visitorsshouldbeinformedtopreservetheenvironmentwhileenjoyingthebeautyofthenature.,点评（1）开门见山，指出现象及目的（2）进一步说明公园免费开放的好处（3）转折，说明公园免费可能带来的问题（4）举例说明（5）表明自己的看法（6）说明公园在免费开放时应注意的事项,相似预测,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofTheInternet.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.有人认为网络可以让学习、工作更有效率有人认为网络让青少年沉迷，影响学习我的看法,TheInternet,(1)Intheeraofinformationandtechnology,theInternethasplayedanimportantroleinoursociety.(2)However,peoplesopinionsarestilldividedonthispoint.(3)ThosewhoareinfavoroftheInternetclaimthatithasalotofadvantages.(4)Firstly,informationsearchingisnolongeratoughjobwiththehelpofallkindsofsearchengines.(4)Secondly,wecancontactfriendsorbusinesspartnersviae-mailsorsoftwaresuchasInternetMeetingandYahooMessenger.(3)ThosewhoareopposedtotheInternetholdthatitsdisadvantagesarenumerous.(5)Inthefirstplace,theInternetcostsconsiderabletime,moneyandenergy,especiallyforthosewithlessself-control.(5)Inthesecondplace,increasingyoungpeopleareindulgedinonlinegamesandunhealthyinformation,whichareextremelyharmfultotheirdevelopment.(6)Inmyopinion,its(7)prosoutweighthecons.ThepasttwentyyearswitnessedthefastdevelopmentoftheInternetalongwiththenationaleconomy.AbrightfutureisawaitingusifwemakegooduseoftheInternet.,(1)开门见山，引出大背景（2）以however转折说明人们的观点有分歧（3）用定语从句表示正反方，两者遥相呼应，对比鲜明（4）分两点详述网络的优点。“搜索引擎”，“邮件或软件”（5）分两点详述网络的缺点：浪费时间、金钱和精力；沉迷网络影响未来发展。（6）提出自己的观点（7）两点词语：利大于弊,2.“现象+原因+解决方法”题型,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这种现象的原因是3.为了改变这种状况，我认为,“现象+原因+解决方法”题型模板,Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,withtheadventof(_),wehavetofaceaproblemthat(_).Whatarethereasonsforit?Tostartwith,(_).Moreover,(_).Furthermore,(_).Inviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblem,effectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.Foronething,itishightimethatpeoplealloverChinarealizedtheimportanceof(_);foranother,thegovernmentshouldissuelawsandregulationstoputthesituationundercontrol.,相似预测,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofCollegeStudentsJobHunting.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.近年来出现了大学生就业难的现象产生这种现象的原因（如大学生追求的目标过高，专业不对口等）如何解决这一问题（改变就业观念，大学生再培训等）,CollegeStudentsJobHunting,Inrecentyears,collegestudentsfinditincreasinglydifficulttogetajob.Itsoundsstrangesinceyoungcollegestudentsareusuallyintelligent,well-educatedandeagertobringtheirtalentintofullplay.Thenwhatunderliesthestrangephenomenon?Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Tobeginwith,nowadayscollegestudentsaimtoohigh.Alltheywantare“good”jobswhichcouldoffergoodsalary,comfortableworkingconditions,highsocialstatusamongothers.Consequently,mostcollegestudentsareunwillingtoacceptvacantjobstheyconsidernot“good”enough.Anotherreasonisthatthereisabiggapbetweenthemajorssomestudentsstudyinschoolandthedemandsofvacantjobs.Socompaniesthinksomestudentsarenotfitforthejobs.Solutiontotheproblemrequireseffortsonboththesocietyandthestudents.Thecompaniesshouldvaluethestudentstalentandknowledgewhilethelattershouldnotmerelyaimatmaterialgains.Theyshouldbedown-toearthinbuildinguptheircareer.Furthermore,theyshouldfacetheirweakpointssoastoimprovethemselvesandbemorecompetent.,AnannouncementtowelcomestudentstojointoaclubWelcometoourclub本社团的主要活动参加本社团的好处如何加入本社团WelcometoOurClub第一段表明写作目的:WelcometojoinourEnglish-learningclub.Awiderangeofactivitiesandcountlesssurprisesarewaitingforyoutoexplore.第二段：介绍主要活动和好处:WenotonlyprovidestudentswithopportunitiestoappreciateEnglishmovies,suchasTheLordofRing,MyBestFriendsWedding,butalsoholdEnglishspeechcontestsandEnglishcornersinordertoencourageourstudentstosparenoefforttolearnEnglishwell,andtherefore,makeourstudentscapabletofinddecentjobsaftergraduation,confrontingunprecedentedfiercejobcompetition.Afterjoiningourclub,youcanalsohaveaccessestosomeoralEnglishcourses,whicharemainlytaughtbyEnglishnativespeakers,forfree.具体化在名词复数后加suchas本段成功地运用了扩句的方法+目的状语inorderto_,andtherefore,_+伴随状语Confrontingunprecedentedfiercejobcompetition,第三段表示感谢和期待:WordsfailmewhenIwanttoexpressmygratitudetoyouforreadingthroughthisannouncement.Iamlookingforwardtoyourdecisiontojoinus.Ifyouwouldliketojoinourclub,pleasecontactusbydialing2293878856.,3.对比选择型,模版例文：名校校园正成为旅游新热点校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同我认为ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?,对比选择型模板,Whenitcomesto（谈论主题）,thereisnocompleteagreementamongpeople.Somepeopletakeforgrantedthat,however,othersmaintainthat.Thosepeoplewhoholdthefirstopinionbelievethat+观点1.Inaddition,theyinsistthat+观点1理由。However,stillothersthinkdifferently.Intheiropinion+观点2.Besides,theyarguethat+观点2理由。Weighingupthesetwoarguments,Iprefertheformer/latterone.Foronething+理由1.Foranother+理由2.Consideringthese,Imayconclude,范文,Whenitcomestowhethertheuniversitycampusshouldbeopentotourists,thereisnocompleteagreementamongpeople.Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthatuniversitycampusshouldembracetouristsacrossthecountry.However,othersmaintainthattheuniversitycampusshouldbeclosedtotourists.Thosepeoplewhoholdthefirstopinionbelievethatrefusingtouristsiscontradictinguniversitiesopennessofspirit.Inaddition,theyinsistthatnouniversityhastherighttorejecttouriststoenteritsgroundsbecauseitispublicland.However,stillothersthinkdifferently.Intheiropinion,toomanytouristswilladdaburdentothesecurityoftheuniversity.Besides,theyarguethatthesetouristswilldestroythequietenvironmentandinfluencestudentsnormalstudy.,Weighingupthesetwoarguments,Iprefertheformeropinion.Foronething,byvisitingtheuniversity,highschoolstudentscanexperiencethecampusatmosphereandbestimulatedtomakeabetterpreparationforthecollegeentranceexam.Foranother,auniversityisapublicplaceandshouldimpartthespiritofopenness.Consideringthese,Imayreasonablyconcludethattheuniversitycampusshouldwelcomealltourists.,4.观点论证型,模版例文：社会上存在许多不诚实现象诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实ItPaystoBeHonest,观点论证型模板,Nowadays,therestillexists+与论点相冲突想象.However+文章论点.Thefollowingreasonscansupporttheargument.Undoubtedly,论据1,进一步说明论据1.Furthermore,论据2.Forexample,支持论据2的事例.Inaddition,论据3.Allmentionedabovetellusthat重申观点.Therefore,weshould正确态度或做法.,范文,Nowadays,therestillexistmanydishonestphenomena,suchascheating,overcharging,producingorsellingfakecommodities.However,inthelongrun,dishonestycanbringmanydisadvantageswhileitpaystobehonest.Thefollowingreasonscansupporttheargument.Undoubtedly,beinghonestisnotonlybeneficialtoothersbutalsotoourselves.Ifyouarehonest,thosewhoassociatewithyouwillcertainlyprofitfromyouandinturnyouwillwintrustandrespectfromthem.,Furthermore,honestycanhelpbuildupamorestableandharmonioussociety.Forexample,Singapore,whichisasocietyoftrustwhothiness,hasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Inaddition,beinghonestisessentialforacountryssurvivalinthemodernworld,sinceonlyanhonestcountrywouldhavewonsupportfromothercountriesifitwereintrouble.Allmentionedabovetellusthatitpaystobehonest.Onlyinanhonestsocietycanpeoplefullyenjoytheirlife.Therefore,weshouldfosterthespiritofhonestyandletdishonestyhavenoplacetostayinoursociety.,应用文类型,四级考试中的应用文一般会给出一个特定的情景，要求考生根据该情景写一封短信、倡议书或演说词等。应用文涉及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近,主要包括：投诉信、求职信、求学信、拒绝信、道歉信、感谢信、祝贺信、邀请信、求职信、演说辞、倡议书、海报、景点介绍和日程安排等。从历年真题来看，应用文的考查以信函为主，但近几年也常涉及其他类型，如倡议书、景点介绍等。,应用文类型,【常用句式】（1）Iwouldliketosuggestthat/Iamwritingwithmysuggestion/proposalabout/Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning我想建议。/我写信来想就一事提出我的建议。/我写信来表达我关于的看法。(2)YouhaveaskedmeformyadvicewithregardtoandIwilltrytomakesomeconducivesuggestions.关于你让我提一些建议，我尽量提一些有益的建议。(3)Ifeelthatitwouldbebeneficialif我觉得如果将会很有好处。(4)IfIwereyou,Iwould如果我是你，我将(5)Itwouldseemtomethatyoucould.在我看来，你可以,应用文类型,(6)Asyoumayagreethat或许你会同意。(7)Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestions/proposals/recommendationshelpful/practical/useful.我希望你会觉得这些意见/提议/建议是有帮助的/实际的/有用的。(8)Itrustyouwilltakemysuggestionintoaccount.我相信你会考虑我的建议的。(9)Iwouldbemorethanhappytoseeimprovementsinthisregard.我会很高兴看到这方面的改善。(10)Iwouldbereadytodiscussthismattertofurtherdetails.我会准备好与你进一步详谈此事。,应用文类型范文欣赏,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterinreplytoafriendsinquiryaboutapplyingforadmissiontoyourcollegeoruniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:建议报考的专业级理由报考该专业的基本条件应当如何报考,应用文类型,ALetterinReplytoaFriendDecember27,2008DearTom,Iamverypleasedtoknowthatyouaregoingtoapplyforadmissiontooneuniversity.Ithasbeenseveralyearssincewepartedlasttime,andsoonwewillprobablymeetagain.Inmyopinion,youshouldmajorinEnglish.Ononehand,Englishisaverypopularmajoratouruniversityandwehavemodernteachingmethodsandprestigiousprofessors.Ontheotherhand,youseemtohaveagiftforlanguagelearningandyouarereallygoodatEnglish.AstothepreparationforapplyingfortheEnglishmajorofouruniversity,IsuggestyoupaymoreattentiontospokenEnglish.Ifyoumakeagoodperformanceinoraltest,youwillhavethepriority.Itisunnecessaryforyoutobenervous.Inaddition,whenmakingpreparationyoushoulddomoremodeltests.Iamsureyouwillsucceedintheexam.PleaseinformmeifthereissomethingIcandoforyou.Iamlookingforwardtomeetingyouonourcampus.Sincerelyyours,LiMing,开头常用句型,ItswellknowntousthatRecently,hasbeenbroughttopopularattention/hasbecomethefocusofpublicconcern.Oneoftheuniversalissueswearefacedwith/thatcauseincreasingconcernisthat,中间段常用句型,Onthecontrary,therearesomepeopleinfavorofAtthesametime,theysayButIdontthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolveForexample,Worstofall,Confrontedwith,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestoForonething,Foranother,Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneaboutit.Forexample,Inaddition,AllthesemeasureswillcertainlyWhy?ThefirstreasonisthatThesecondreasonisThethirdisForallthis,themaincauseofdueto,英文句子的上下连贯，段落的过渡衔接，主要靠结构词来表示,如分段叙述某一个问题时，可用FirstSecondThird.来表示衔接。举例说明时可用forexampleforinstance来表示。进一步阐述时可用furthermoreinadditionsimilarlymoreover来加以提示。强调某一点的重要性时，可用surelytrulyundoubtedlyclearlyindeedasamatteroffact来加强句子的力度。作结论时可用thereforeinsummaryconsequentlyinconclusioninshort来导出。分析因果时可用becauseduetosothatasaresult来表现主从句之间的逻辑关系。转换思路时，可用buthoweverneverthelessotherwise等以示转折，而ontheonehandontheotherhandforonethingontheothersideofthecoin则可用来连接两个相反的事实或观点。Itfollowsthat.Itcanbeinferredthat.Itsuggeststhat.则将读者引入的逻辑推理思路。,结尾常用句型,Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodothantodo.Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthatItistimetotaketheadviceofandtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementofItishightimethatweputanendtoOtherwise,Writing注意事项,不要打具体的草稿，有个框架就足够了建议写3段式作文中间段（开头句+主题句+连接词+结尾句）卷面一定要整洁,不能有大篇幅的涂抹注意标点，句号是实心点。考前把一些好的句型抄下来背,开头很重要5年内范文看一遍，有印象即可,用词选择,Goodadvisable/sensible/informative/useful/instructive;Goodbeneficial,advantageous,helpful;excellent,outstanding;Badundesirable/mindless/worthless;Badharmful,baneful,detrimental,Lotsofahostof,avastnumberof(可数名词），agreatdealof,avastamountof(不可数名词）-substantial;considerable;heapsofImportantcrucial,vital,significant,key;P4;indispensable/integral;,desire替换wantpourattentioninto替换payattentiontobearinmindthat替换remember促进/提高/增强/改善giveaboostto/enhance/motivate/better/promote,Playanimportant(active,major,central,crucial,essential,integral,prominent,vital)rolePlayabigpart-Takealeadingpart-,非常地exceedingly/extremely/greatly/remarkably/significantly/utterly)在当代Incontemporarysociety,inpresent-daysociety,inthisdayandage;formypart,frommyownperspective替换inmyopinion,破坏Destroy;impair;undermine;jeopardize;devastate;支持观点（befor/convince/insist/voiceasupportfor/votefor)(win)反对观点(argueagainst/combat/disagreewith/disregard/oppose)(goastrayflourishrivalthriveadministration,解决:Solve,dealwith,copewith,handle,resolve,address,tackle(economiccrisis,deterioratedenvironment,shortagesofwater,unemployment,trafficjams.)_;培养：Develop,cultivate,foster,culture(educationcultivatethespiritofindependence,认为：maintain,assert,hold,argue,beconvinced,befirmlyconvinced,消除：Eliminate,clear,remove,clearup,Alleviateease;减轻,缓解(就业压力,新能源缓解资源紧张;经济增长方式转变缓解发展压力-Anumberofmeasuresweretakentoalleviatetheproblem.)Worsendeteriorate;aggravate(环境恶化),人们认为：itisgenerally/widelybelieved/held/agreedthat适应的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate(使适应)oneselftonewenvironment/change;接触各种思想/经历：beexposedtonewideas/experiences/problems,Exercises,Whenaskedaboutthefunctionofmedia,manypeopleagreetothefirstview.Cheatinginexamhappensinourdailylife.,theoverwhelmingmajorityof,hasbecomeacommonoccurance,Obviously,thepictureshowsthatacultureofonenationmaybecomeinternational,whichisbeneficialtoallthehumanbeings,indicate,reveal,suggest,prove,句型多样,避免一味用Thereis开头。Therearemoreandmorepeoplewhorealizetherelationbetweenexaminationandteachingmethods.,Therelationbetweentheexaminationandteachingmethodsisincreasinglyrecognized.,避免一味用People,I,We开头Wewillalwaysrememberthesmileonherface.Wecertainlyshouldoffergoodservice.,Thesmileonherfacewillbefirmlyrootedinourminds.,Goodserviceiscertainlyrequired.,It-句型的广泛使用,Itmustbepointedoutthat.必须指出Itmustbeadmittedthat.必须承认Itisimaginedthat.人们认为Itcannotbedeniedthat.不可否认Itwillbeseenfromthisthat.由此可知Itshouldberealizedthat.必须认识到Itis(always)stressedthat.人们(总是)强调Itmaybesaidwithoutfearofexaggerationthat.可以毫不夸张地说,主动句和被动句变换与汉语相比，英语更注重动作本身，而不是动作的执行者，因此在英语中被动语态的使用相对多一些，但这并不表明要一味地追求被动语态的使用。主动变被动1）不需要体现动作的执行者【原文】Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheelderlywhohaddevotedtheiryouthandenergytoourcountry.【优化】Moreattentionshouldbepaidtotheelderlywhohaddevotedtheiryouthandenergytoourcountry.,2）需要强调动作的承受者【原文】TheemployeeselectedMr.Lichairmanofthecommitteelastweek.【优化】Mr.Liwaselectedch