大学英语B网考交际用语部分辅导.ppt

第二部分交际用语,USEOFENGLISH,大学英语（B）专题讲座,交际用语考试题型及比分学习、练习中应注意的几个方面三.根据交际功能分类练习四.根据语法句型分类练习,交际用语考试题型及比分。交际用语这部分试题由5个选择题形式的小题组成，主要是针对英语日常会话设计而成，这些试题体现了英语交际功能的多样性和应用性，目的是为了检测在不同的情景中运用英语进行交际的能力。,二.学习、练习中应注意的几个方面1.熟悉日常交际的句型。在日常交际中，人们为了获取所需的信息或达到交际的目的，在特定的情景中使用了不同的交际功能的句型，熟悉掌握这些句型有助于了解说话人的意图及题目的考点在，为选出正确的答案奠定良好的基础。,2.找出规律来帮助判断。就是根据问话选答语或根据上文选下文时在熟悉交际功能句型的基础上，找出答语或下文具有共性的一些规律，如“礼貌原则”、时态、句型一致、肯定或否定的一致性等规律来帮助自己作出正确的判断与选择,A.礼貌原则无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感，发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌，即使表达不同看法或批评意见，也要委婉间接表达，使对方听起来不刺耳，例如：DoyouthinkIcanuseyourcarforoneday?.A.Imafraidnot.B.No,youcant.C.Iwontletyoudothat.D.Absolutelynot.解析：此题第一说话人向对方提出请求“想借车一用”，对方如果不能答应，应该委婉地表示拒绝。因此选A。礼貌原则还表现在委婉地拒绝一个请求的方式上：先表同意，然后用“but”来个转折，表达出不同意例如：Iwouldliketo,but（我很愿意，但是由于）Thatsagoodidea，but,B.利他原则在日常交际中，英语国家人民形成了一种习俗，即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过/惋惜，因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向，例如：IamgoingtotheCityHall,canyoutellmehowtogetthere,madam?.A.No,youdontknowB.Idontknow.C.Yes,youwill.D.Sorry,Iamnewheretoo.Butyoucanaskthepolicemanoverthere.解析：此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路，按照利他原则，应尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便。所以选D，首先表示歉意，同时给出一些有帮助的建议。,C.文化遵从原则在选择交际用语时，大家要有跨文化视角，也就是说，要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式，要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例：Mary,yourdressisreallybeautiful.HowisJohn?.ThankyouverymuchB.No,no,JohnisnotbadC.Thankyou.HeisfineD.Dontsaythat.Itsugly.Johnisgood解析：按照英美国家的文化，当受到他人的赞扬时，应该真诚地表示感谢，这也是对说话人的尊重。如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等，反而就不礼貌了，这与中国人的习惯和思维不太一样，所以选C。,三.根据交际功能分类练习为了帮助同学们更好的学习掌握交际用语这部分知识，下面我们把常见的一些交际用语进行分类归纳总结，希望通过这些练习，使大家能熟悉了解，并逐渐培养自己的分析判断和运用交际语言的能力。,一）.提出请求，征求意见。MayI?Wouldyou?Can/couldI?Doyouthink?Yes/Sure/CertainlyOfcourseHereyouare.ThatsOK/AllrightImafraidImsorryYoudbetternot,1.Hello,mayItalktotheheadmasternow?A_A.Sorry,heisbusyatthemomentB.No,youcantC.Sorry,youcantD.Idontknow,DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?C_A.Yes,youmayborrow.B.Yes,goon.C.Yes,helpyourself.D.Itdoesntmatter.,3.Wouldyoumindchangingseatswithme?C_A.Yes,youcanB.OfcourseIliketoC.No,IdontmindD.Certainly,pleasedo,MayIseeyourticketsandpassports,please?C_A.No,youcantB.Yes,youcanC.HereyouareD.No,theyaremine,5.Canyouturndowntheradio,please?B_A.Oh,IknowB.Imsorry,IdidntrealizeitwasthatloudC.IllkeepitdownnexttimeD.Pleaseforgiveme,6.Excuseme,mayIsithere?C_A.PleasesitdownB.YourewelcomeC.Yes,certainly.ThisseatsfreeD.Yes,itdoesntmatter,二）.提供、寻求帮助。Can/CouldIhelpyou?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?Doyouwantmeto?WhatcanIdoforyou?Letmedo/carry/help?Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fineThatsverykindofyou.Thankyouforyouhelp,No,thanks/thankyouThankyouallthesameThatsverykindofyou,butIwonderifyoucouldhelpmePleasegivemeahandCertainly/OfcourseYes,whatcanIdoforyou,CanIhelpyouwithyoursuitcase?D_A.Ihavenoidea.B.No,no.Icancarryitmyself.C.Thatsagoodidea.D.Thankyou.Icanmanagemyself.,2.CanIhelpyoutogetitdown?C_A.NoproblemB.Yes.LetsgetitC.Thanks.ItssoniceofyouD.Itsnotroubleatall,3.Iwonderifyoucouldhelpme?D_A.IcouldB.Yes,IdoC.No,notatallD.Certainly4.Pleasegivemeahand,wontyou?A_A.OfcourseIwillB.YourewelcomeC.YouaresokindD.Dontmentionit,5.Oh,theboxistooheavy.B_?A.Whatsinit?B.CanIhelpyoutocarryit?C.Whoseisit?D.MayIhaveatry?,三）.提出建议、劝告。Youdbetter(not)Shallwe?Youshould/oughttoLetsWhat/Howabout?Whynot?Whydontyou?Sure/GreatThatsagoodideaNo,thanks,Thereisanhourtogo.Couldweseatsomewheretohaveadrink?B_A.Haveatry.B.sure.C.Dontgoplease.D.No,Icant.2.Whataboutanothercoffee?A_A.No,thanks.B.Youresokind.C.Yes,ofcourse.D.Sorryforthetrouble.,3.Whataboutgoingforawalk?D_A.Walkingisgoodtoyou.B.Thatsallright.C.So,doI.D.Whynot?Agoodidea.,4.Inmyopinion,youdbettertakeacoupleofdaysoff.D_A.Iwilltakeyouradvice.B.Letmesee.C.Nevermind.D.Imafraidso.,5.PleasetellDavidnottodrinktoomuch.B_A.OK,letsgo.B.Isee.C.Itstimeforlunch.D.Pleasehaveadrink.,四）.表示邀请与约会。Willyoucometo?Wouldyouliketo?IdliketoinviteyoutoYes,IdlovetoYes,itsverykind/niceofyouIdloveto,but,Areyou/Willyoubefree?Howabouttomorrow?Shallwemeetat?Yes,thatsallrightYes,IllbefreethenAllright.SeeyouthenNo,Iwontbefreethen.,Wouldyouliketohaveadinnerwithusthisevening?C_A.OK,butIhavetogotoameetingnow.B.No,Icant.C.Sorry,Iwillgotoairportthisevening.D.Idontknow.,2.Wearegoingtohaveadancingpartytonight.Wouldyouliketojoinus?A_A.Yes,itsverykindofyou.B.Ofcoursenot.Ihavenoidea.C.No,Icant.D.Thatsallset.,3.Canyoucomeoverfordinnerwithus?A_A.Idloveto,butIhaveameetingtonight.B.Itdoesntmatter.C.No,Idontlike.D.Oh,thatsoundswell.,4.Ihavegottwoticketsforthematch.Shallwegoandwatchittogether?C_A.Theticketsmustbeexpensive.B.Thematchmustbeexciting.C.Whynot?Letsgo.D.Theplaceistoofaraway.,5.IhaveanappointmentwithDr.JohnsonC_A.Theappointmentisputoff.B.Youlooksickandweak.C.Pleasewaitforaminute.Heisbusynow.D.TellmeyourIDnumber.,五）.表示感谢、祝贺、称赞Thankyou(verymuch)ThanksalotManythanksThanksforNotatallYourewelcomeIts/ThatsallrightDontmentionitCongratulationsWelldoneHowbeautiful,Thesearecertainlybeautifulflowers.Thankyousomuch.B_A.No,no.Itsnothing.B.Youarewelcome.C.Yes,Iagree.D.Yes,Ithinksotoo.,2.Iwasworriedaboutchemistry,butMr.BrowngavemeanA!B_A.Dontworryaboutit.B.Congratulations!Thatsadifficultcourse.C.Mr.Brownisverygood.D.Goodlucktoyou.,3.Congratulations!Youwonthefirstprizeintodaysspeechcontest.C_A.Yes,Ibeattheothers.B.No,no.Ididntdoitwell.C.Thankyou.D.Itsapleasure.,4.Welldone.Congratulationsonyoursuccess.A_A.Thankyouverymuch.B.Oh,no,no.C.No,Ididntdoverywell.D.Sorry,Icouldntbeanybetter.,5.Youhavelovelychildren.D_A.No,no,theyarenot.B.Oh,no,no.C.Youaretalkingtoomuch.D.Thanks.,六）.表示道歉、同情Imsorryfor/aboutExcusemeforImafraidofThatsallrightItdoesntmatterThatsnothingThatsOK.ImsorrytohearWhatapity/shame!,Oh,sorrytobotheryou.A_A.Thatsokay.B.No,youcant.C.Thatsgood.D.Oh,Idontknow.,2.Excuseme.IdontwanttointerruptyoubutC_A.CanIhelpyou?B.Certainly,howdareyou?C.Itsquiteallright.D.Yes,youdid.,3.Oh,Imsorry.ButIpromiseIllbecarefulnexttime.B_A.Itsnothingatall.B.Oh,nevermind.Itdoesntmatter.C.Thankyou.D.Therearenoquestions.,4.MygrandmotherstakenillandIvegottogodowntothehospital.B_A.Wearegoingtothesameplace.B.Verysorrytohearit.Ihopeitsnothingserious.C.Really?D.Letmegowithyou.,5.Edsaidthathisboyfellofftree.A_A.Ohdear!Ihopehewasnthurt.B.Oh,no.Aluckboy.C.Hemighthavebrokenhisarm.D.Nothingserious.,七）.问候与告别Howareyou?Howseverything?Fine,thankyou,andyou?Verywell,thankyouJustsosoImafraidImustbeleavingnowIthinkitstimeforustoleavenowGoodnightGoodbyeSeeyoulater/tomorrow,Hello,Sally.Howseverything?D_A.Goodforyou.B.Oh,Iagree.C.Thatsright.D.Justsoso.,2.Howarethingswithyou,Bill?B_A.Hello,sure.B.Iamterriblybusythesedays.C.Mindyouownbusiness.D.Seeyoulater.,3.Goodnightandthanksagain.B_A.Youcantsaythat.B.Oh,no.ItswhatIcando.C.Howcanyouseethat.D.Goodnight.,4.Well,itsgettinglate.Imustbegoing.Thankyouagainforinvitingmetotheparty.B_A.Oh,itssolate.B.Thankyouforcoming.C.Oh,sosoon?D.Ireallyhadahappytime.,5.Mrs.Johnson,Ivecometosaygood-bye.A_A.Seeyounexttime.B.Haveapleasantjourney.Iwillmissyou.C.ThatsOK.D.Thankyouforsayingthat.,八）.购物WhatcanIdoforyou?May/CanIhelpyou?Iwant/IdlikeHowmuchisit?Thatstooexpensive,ImafraidThatsfine.Illtakeit.,WhatcanIdoforyou,madam?A_A.Iwantakiloofapples.B.Youcangoyourownway.C.Thanks.D.Excuseme.Iambusy.,2.Goodmorning,Sir.MayIhelpyou?C_A.No,Idontbuyanything.B.No,Idontneedyourhelp.C.Yes,Ineedsomesugar.D.Oh,no.ThatOK.,3.Idliketobuyashirt.C_A.Howmuchisit?B.Thatsfine.C.Whatcolordoyouwant?D.Yes,Ithinkso.,4.CanIhelpyou,Sir?A_A.Thanks,Imjusthavingalook.B.Idontmind.C.No,Imleavingsoon.D.Itsallright.,九）.就餐Whatwouldyoulike(tohave)?Wouldyoulikesomething(toeat/drink)?IdlikeTwoeggs,pleaseWouldyoulikesomemore?HelpyourselftosomeThankyou.Ivehadenough.Imfull,thankyou.Justalittle.,Wouldyouliketoordernow?B_A.Imfullnow.B.Yes.Idlikefishandsoup.C.Butthepriceishigh.D.Itsverykindofyou.,2.Excuseme.Isthistabletaken?C_A.Wehaventbookedthedishes.B.Wehaventorderedthedishes.C.Yes.Imsavingtheseseatsforfriends.D.Yes.Imstuffed.,3.Pleasehelpyourselftothefish.A_A.Thanks,butIdontlikefish.B.Sorry,Icanthelp.C.Well,fishdontsuitme.D.No,Icant.,4.CanItakeyourordernow?D_A.Thankyouforyouroffer.B.Sorry,itsbeyondmyorder.C.Inomeans.D.Justamoment.Twofriendsarecoming.,5.Haveyougotatableforfour,Waiter?B_A.Wearegoingtorestaurant.B.Yes,sure.Thisway,please.C.Wehavebookedtheseats.D.Herearethemenu.,十）.打电话与接电话Hello!Is(Tom)in?Isthat(speaking)?May/CouldIspeakto?Holdon,please.Hello,whoisit?He/SheisnthererightnowCanItakeamessageforyou?Hello,thisisspeaking,Hi,isMarrythere,please?A_A.Holdon.Iwillgether.B.No,sheisnthere.C.Yes,sheliveshere.D.Yes,whatdoyouwant?,2.CouldIspeaktoHarris,please.D_A.Oh,howareyou?B.ImJohn.C.Imlistening.D.Speaking.,3.Hello,IdliketospeaktoMark,please?B_A.Yes,ImMark.B.ThisisMarkspeaking.C.Itsmehere.D.Thisisme.,4.Imsorry.Bobsnotintheoffice.A_A.Canyoutakeamessageforme?B.Areyousureforthat?C.Wouldyouliketoleaveamessage?D.Canyouphoneme?,5.Hello,couldIspeaktoDonplease?D_A.Whoareyou?B.Whatstheproblem?C.AreyouJane?D.Whoisspeaking?,十一）.问路与指路Excuseme.Whereisthe?Excuseme.Canyoutellmethewayto?Godownthisstreet/turnright/turnleftItsaboutmetersfromhere.Gostraightaheadtillyousee,1.Excuseme,sir.WhereisDr.Brownsoffice?D_A.Youcantaskme.B.Pardon?Ihavenoidea.C.Pleasedontsayso.D.SorryIdontknow,butyoucanaskthemanoverthere.,2.Excuseme,butcanyoutellmethewaytotheairport?B_A.Dontaskthat.B.Sorry,Iamastrangerhere.C.No,Icantsaythat.D.No,youaredrivingtoofast.,3.Excuseme,isthistherightdirectionfortheschool?A_A.Well,no,youregoinginthewrongdirection.B.No,dontaskme.C.No,Idontknow.D.Dontgothisway.,4.Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?D_A.Itsnotfarfromthere.B.Thesupermarketisverylarge.C.Thegoodsthereareveryexpensive.D.Godownthisstreetandturnleft.,5.Isthetoiletonthegroundfloororsecondfloor?C_A.No,thereisnt.B.Yes,itis.C.Onthegroundfloor.D.Itisempty.,十二.看病、询问病情ThereissomethingwrongwithIvegotIfeelterribleIdontfeelwell.Areyoufeelingbetter?TakethismedicinethreetimesadayDrinkplentyofwaterandhaveagoodrestItsnothingseriousYoullbeallright/wellsoon,Isthereanythingserious,doctor?C_A.Imgoingtohaveanothercheck-up.B.Theresultsofthebloodtestarewrong.C.No.Juststayinbedanddrinkmorewater.D.Yes.Youcangohometomorrow.,2.Hey,Barbara.Youlooksopale.A_A.Imjustgettingovertheflu.B.Itdoesntmatter.C.Youdidntsleepwelllastnight.D.Imsorrytohearthat.,3.Areyoufeelingbettertoday,Mrs.Silver?D_A.Dontworryaboutme.B.Juststayinbedandhaveagoodrest.C.Theremustbesomethingwrong.D.Yes,thanksdoctor.ButIstillfeeldizzy.,4.Ihavegotapaininmyneck.C_A.Yes,Iagree.B.Yes,youarequiteright.C.Imsorrytohearthat.D.Imfeelingsick.,5.Whatsthematterwithyou?C_A.Itmatterswithyou.B.Nottoobad.C.Ifeelabitsick.D.Thatsright.,十三）.表达喜欢、同意、肯定与否Ilike/loveverymuchIdontlike/loveIhateNoproblem.Allright.IagreewithyouNo,IdontthinksoImafraidIcantagreewithyou.Imsure.Imnotsure.Perhaps/Maybe,1.WhatkindofTVprogramdoyoulikebest?C_A.Ilikethemverymuch.B.Ionlywatchthematweekend.C.Itshardtosay,actually.D.Imtoobusytosay.,2.Ireallyenjoypopmusic.Whatsyourfavorite?D_A.No,notatall.B.NeitherdoI.C.SodidI.D.Well,actuallyIlikeclassicalmusic.,3.Itsagreatrace!Doyouagree?D_A.Yes,itisreallydisappointing.B.No,Ilikeit.C.No,itsworthseeingit.D.Yes,itsreallyexciting.,4.Areyousureaboutthat?D_A.Youneedntworryaboutthat.B.Iliketheidea.C.Oh,no.Imafraidofthat.D.Ohyes,Imabsolutelypositive.,5.Youmayhaveseenthisfilm.C_A.Itissaidtocostmuch.B.Itwillbeshownnextweek.C.Actually,Ihavent.D.Youmaytoo.,十四）.谈论天气、旅行、娱乐Whatstheweatherliketoday?Howistheweatherin?Itsfine/cloudy/windy/rainyWhat/Howaboutyour?Veryinteresting,Niceweather,isntit?C_A.Imnotsure.B.Youknowitwell.C.Yes,itis.D.Yes,itisnt.,2.Whatstheweatherlikeinyourhometown?D_A.Itsaniceplace.B.Ilikethefoodthere.C.HeasksmeifIliketheweather.D.Itscoldinwinterandhotinsummer.,3.Whatwasyourjourneylike?A_A.Itwasterriblyinteresting.B.Yes,Ilikeitverymuch.C.Iliketraveling.D.Idontliketravelingatall.,4.Howisthemovie?Interesting?C_A.Itwasshownlateuntilmidnight.B.Itwasstarredbyafewfamouspeople.C.Farfrom.IshouldhavestayathomewatchingTV.D.Iwasseatedfarawayinthecorner.,5.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthisstory?C_A.Thankyoufortellingmethestory.B.Yes,itsarealstory.C.Ilikeitverymuch.D.SodoI.,四.根据语法句型分类一）.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句的答语通常针对特殊疑问词作出具体的回答1.Thatmanisaloneoverthere.Whoishe?B_A.HeisastudentB.HeisDoctorTookC.Adriver,IsupposeD.Hesdrunk,2.WhydontyoutraveltoNewYorkonvacation?C_A.Idontwanttogo.B.Excuseme,becauseIcant.C.Iwantto,butIhaventgotenoughmoney.D.BecauseImgoingtoschooltoday.,3.Whatsubjectsareyoustudying?C_A.Yes,Imstudyhistory.B.Imstudyingnow.C.Imstudyingphilosophy.D.Imdoingmyhomework.,4.Whichlanguagedoyouspeakathome?D_A.IspeakEnglishverywell.B.IcanspeakEnglishandFrench.C.Englishismymothertongue.D.English,mostofthetime.,5.WhendoesthenextbusleaveforGlasgow?C_A.Iveneverbeenthere.B.Thenextoneisfaster.C.Theyleaveeveryhour.D.Thecityisfaraway.,6.Excuseme,howfaristheairportfromhere?B_A.Youcantakeataxi.B.Itsaboutthirtymiles.C.IllflytoSidney.D.Itsonlysixhundreddollars.,7.Canyoutellmehowmucharadiolikethiscosts?C_A.Idliketobuyit.B.Itsofverygoodquality.C.Abouteighty-fivedollars.D.Itdependsonhowyoulikeit.,8.Doyoumindtellingmewhereyouarefrom?D_A.Certainly,ImfromLondon.B.Sure,IwasborninLondon.C.Notreally,youcandoit.D.Certainlynot.ImfromLondon.,9.Howoftendoyouhavelisteningclassesinaweek?D_A.Listeningclassesaredifficult.B.Lastweekandtheweekbefore.C.Theyhavenolisteningclasses.D.EveryMondayandFriday.,10.WhatdoesyourEnglishteacherlooklike?D_A.Shelikessinging.B.Shelookssad.C.Shelikestostaywithus.D.Shelooksmuchlikehermother.,二）.反意疑问句反意疑问句是在句子后附加一简短的一般疑问句构成的问句，用以要求对方判断或证实所陈述之事，一般前、后两部分意思相反（前肯定，后否定；或者，前否定后肯定）前面句中有never等否定词时也是否定句，反意部分要用肯定式。反意问句的答语应根据实际情况确定：内容是肯定的，就用yes；内容是否定的，则用no。当前面句子为否定时，尤要特别小心，不要搞错。,如：Itdidntrainyesterday,didit?-昨天没有下雨，对吗？-Yes,itdid-不，下雨了-No,itdidnt-对，没有下1.Youarenotthemanagerhere,areyou?C_A.Yes,ImnotB.No,IamC.Yes,IamD.No,notatall,2.Suelooksgoodinthatnewdress,doesntshe?C_A.Yessheis.B.Nosheisnt.C.Yes,shedoes.D.No,shedidnt.,3.Joewillcometothepa