前缀a-详细解读.doc

巴朗词表速记（14）前缀aauto a=表语形容词前缀(pred. a.)如：alike, asleep, akinagog 构词：a (pred. a.) + gog (merriment) adj. highly excited; intensely curious. We were all agog at the news that the celebrated movie star was giving up his career in order to enter a monastery.aloof a（pred. a.）+ loof (far)adj. apart; reserved. Shy by nature, she remained aloof while all the rest conversed.aloft 构词：a (pred. a.) + loft (height). 参考词汇：loftyelevated in character; exalted. adv. upward. The sailor climbed aloft into the rigging.agapegape 构词：a (pred. a.) + gapeadj. openmouthed. She stared, agape, at the many strange animals in the zoogape v. open widely. The huge pit gaped before him; if he stumbled, he would fall in. Slack-jawed in wonder, Huck gaped at the huge stalactites hanging from the ceiling of the limestone cavern.amiss 构词：a (pred. a.) + miss (wrong)adj. wrong; faulty.Seeing her frown, he wondered if anything were amiss, also adv.a=副词（形容词）前缀amok (also amuck) 构词：a (ad) + mok (mad)adv. in a state of rage. The police had to be called in to restrain him after he ran amok in the department store.asunder 构词：a (ad) + sunder (sever, separarte)adv. into parts; apart. A fierce quarrel split the partnership asunder; the two partners finally sundered their connections because their points of view were poles asunder.awry 构词：a (ad) + wry (twisted)adv. distorted; crooked. He held his head awry, giving the impression that he had caught cold in his neck during the night also adj.a=toamass 构词：a (to) + mass (gather)v. collect. The misers aim is to amass and hoard as much gold as possible.a(n)=withoutamnesia 构词：a (without) + mnes (memory) + ia (disease). 例：mnemonics（记忆术）n. loss of memory. Because she was suffering from amnesia, the police could not get the young girl to identify herself.amnesty 构词：a (without) + mnes (memory) + ty (n.). 不记仇=宽恕=特赦n. pardon. When his first child was born, the king granted amnesty to all in prison.amoral 构词：a (without) + moral（道德）= 缺德的adj. nonmoral. The amoral individual lacks a code of ethics; he cannot tell right from wrong. The immoral person can tell right from wrong; he chooses to do something he knows is wrong.anemia 构词：an (without) + hema (blood) + ia (disease)n. condition in which blood lacks red corpuscles. The doctor ascribes her tiredness to anemia.anemic, adj.anesthetic 构词：an (without) + esthet (sensation) + ic (a-n)n. substance that removes sensation with or without loss of consciousness. His monotonous voice acted like an anesthetic; his audience was soon asleep. anesthesia, n.atrophy 构词：a (without) + troph (food) + y (n)n. wasting away. Polio victims need physiotherapy to prevent the atrophy of affected limbs, also v.apolitical 构词：a (not) + political =对政治不关心adj. having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs. It was hard to remain apolitical during the Vietnam War; even people who generally ignored public issues felt they had to take political stands.atypical 构词：a (not) + typicaladj. not normal. The child psychiatrist reassured Mrs. Keaton that playing doctor was not atypical behavior for a child of young Alexs age. “Perhaps not,” she replied, “but charging for house calls is!”ab, ac, ad, af, ag=to acclimate 构词：ac (to) + climatev. adjust to climate or environment; adapt. One of the difficulties of our present air age is the need of travelers to acclimate themselves to their new and often strange environments.accomplice 构词：ac (to) + com (together) + plice (fold)n. partner in crime. Because he had provided the criminal with the lethal weapon, he was arrested as an accomplice in the murder.accost 构词：ac (to) + cost (sideapproach)v. approach and speak first to a person. When the two young men accosted me, I was frightened because I thought they were going to attack me.accouter 构词：ac (to) + coutre (equip)v. equip. The fisherman was accoutred with the best that the sporting goods store could supply, accoutrement, n.acknowledge 构词：ac (to) + know + ledge (n.)v. recognize; admit. Although I acknowledge that the Beatles tunes sound pretty dated nowadays, I still prefer them to the gangsta rap songs my brothers play.acquittal 构词：ac (to) + quit (give up) + tal (n.) n. deliverance from a charge. His acquittal by the jury surprised those who had thought him guilty. acquit, v.adage 构词：ad (to) + age. 取流传久远之意n. wise saying; proverb. There is much truth in the old adage about fools and their money.adroit 构词：ad (to) + roit (right). 右手灵巧adj. skillfull. Her adroit handling of the delicate situation pleased her employers.affidavit 构词：af (to) + fidavit (pledge)n. written statement made under oath. The court refused to accept her statement unless she presented it in the form of an affidavit.经济担保书：affidavi t of supportaffiliation 构词：af (to) + filiate (adopt) + ion (n)n. joining; associating with His affiliation with the political party was of short duration for he soon disagreed with his colleagues.affinity 构词：af (to) + fin (fix, relate) + ity (n)n. kinship. She felt an affinity with all who suffered: their pains were her pains.affirmation 构词：af (to) + firm (sure, positive) + tion (n.)n. positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath. Despite Toms affirmations of innocence. Aunt Polly still suspected he had eaten the pie.affix 构词：af (to) + fix v. attach or add on; fasten. First the registrar had to affix his signature to the license: then he had to affix his official seal.affliction 构词：af (to) + flict (hurt) + ion (n)n. state of distress; cause of suffering. Even in the midst of her affliction, Elizabeth tried to keep up the spirits of those around her.affront 构词：af (to) + front (当面顶撞)n. insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect. When Mrs. Proudie was not seated beside the Archdeacon at the head table, she took it as a personal affront and refused to speak to her hosts for a week, also v.allay 构词：al (to) + lay (put down)v. calm; pacify. The crew tried to allay the fears of the passengers by announcing that the fire had been controlled .allocate构词：al (to) + locate (put, place)v. assign. Even though the Red Cross had allocated a large sum for the relief of the sufferers of the disaster, many people perished.alloy 构词：al (to) + loy (mixture)n. a mixture as of metals. Alloys of gold are used more frequently than the pure metal.alloy 构词：al (to) + loy (mix)v. mix; make less pure; lessen or moderate. Our delight at the Mets victory was alloyed by our concern for Dwight Gooden, who injured his pitching arm in the game.allure 构词：al (to) + lure (attract)v. entice; attract. Allured by the song of the sirens, the helmsman steered the ship toward the reef. also n.appease 构词：ap (to) + peacev. pacify or soothe; relieve. Tom and Jody tried to appease the crying baby by offering him one toy after another. However, he would not calm down until they appeased his hunger by giving him a bottle, appeasement, n.ab(s)=from abhor 构词：ab (from) + hor (fear)。参考词汇：horrorv, detest; hate. She abhorred all forms of bigotry. abhorrence, n.ab(s)=away (from)abscond 构词：abs (away) + scond (put, place)v. depart secretly and hide. The teller who absconded with the bonds went uncaptured until someone recognized him from his photograph on Americas Most Wanted.ensconce 构词：en (v) + sconce (put, place)v. settle comfortably. now that their children were ensconced safely in the private school, the jet-setting parents decided to leave for Europe.abstemious 构词：abs (away from) + tem (wine) adj. sparing in eating and drinking; temperate. Concerned whether her vegetarian sons abstemious diet provided him with sufficient protein, the worried mother pressed food on him.ab(s)=not, negativeabsolute构词：abs (not) + solute (loosen)adj. complete; totally unlimited; certain. Although the King of Siam was an absolute monarch, he did not want to behead his unfaithful wife without absolute evidence of her infidelity.abusive 构词：ab (wrong) + use + ive (a)use: abuseabusivedisabuse adj. coarsely insulting; physically harmful. An abusive parent damages a child both mentally and physically.al=the alchemy 构词：al (the) + chem (chemistry) + ist (person)n. medieval chemistry. The changing of baser metals into gold was the goal of the students of alchemy. alchemist, n.alcove 构词：al (the) + cove (cave)n. nook; recess. Though their apartment lacked a full-scale dining room, an alcove adjacent to the living room made an adequate breakfast nook for the young couple.anti=againstantagonism 构词：ant (against) + agon (hurt) + ism n. hostility; active resistance. Barry showed his antagonism toward his new stepmother by ignoring her whenever she tried talking to him. antagonistic, adj.anticlimax 构词：anti (agaisnt) + climax (高潮) n. letdown in thought or emotion. After the fine performance in the first act, the rest of the play was an anticlimax, anticlimactic, adj.antidote 构词：anti (agaisnt) + dote (do)n. remedy to counteract a poison or disease. When Marges child accidentally swallowed some cleaning fluid, the local poison control hotline instructed Marge how to administer the antidote.antiquated 构词：anti (agaisnt) + quate (?)adj. obsolete; outdated. Accustomed to editing his papers on word processors, Philip thought typewriters were too antiquated for him to use.apo=away from; not; toapostate 构词：apo (away from) + state (stand) n. one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs. Because he switched from one party to another, his former friends shunned him as anapostate.apostasy, n.apothecary 构词：apo (from) + th