2017年12月17日托福阅读考试预测题目

-本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载-2017年12月17日托福阅读考试预测题目本文从网络收集而来，上传到平台为了帮到更多的人，如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载本文档（有偿下载），另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意！12月19日的考试还有二十多天就来临，各位考生准备好了吗?关于这次考试的预测题目有哪些呢?这似乎是很多出国人士比较感兴趣的问题，和出国留学网一起来了解了解吧!下面是小编整理的阅读预测题目相关资讯，欢迎阅读。2019年12月19日托福阅读考试预测题目阅读题目：类别：生物类 真题 140525CN-P2Title：How Animals in Rain Forests Make Themselves HeardScientists have discovered that animals are experts at exploiting weather conditions and the physical conditions of their environments so that they are heard or not heard, and seen or not species living in rain forests must engineer their calls to accommodate all of the obstacles,such as leaf cover, that can deflect and degrade the sounds intended for a potential receiver. Over,short, loud bursts of sound tend to be more effective than longer calls at cutting through the dense foliage.There is no natural environment on Earth noisier than a virgin rain forest. In the Peruvian rain forest, every species has developed clever or remarkably sophisticated strategies to ensure that its voice is heard. The noise creates a real challenge for the smaller residents, such as male tree crickets,which need to get the attention of females, often from a relatively long distance. Some species of crickets maximize the volume of their calls by chewing a hole in the middle of a leaf to create a sound baffle, similar to a stereo speaker. The leaf functions as a speaker cabinet, with the cricket in the center acting as the species of tree frog in Borneo has an inventive approach to getting its mating call heard over thenoise. Mataphrenella sudana, which is only an inch long, has learned to exploit the sound properties of a water-filled hole in a tree in the same way that a person uses resonance, the intensification and enrichment of a sound by added vibration, in the shower to sing like a professional frog searches for a suitable hole and then partially submerges itself in the water. Its forte is the ability to adjust the frequency of its call to the size of the hole and play the tree like a musicalinstrument. As it sits in the hole, it begins vocalizing at different frequencies until it hits the one note that makes the hole and tree resonate.The time of day affects how sound travels in any environment, and this fact is not lost on animals and insects. Early morning and late evening produce conditions that allow sound to travel greater distances than during the middle parts of the day. Sound travels best at night, which is why the rain forest is so windows of opportunity to get the best resonance and distance out of a signal. This is why animals,especially birds, tend to be more active and noisy in the early morning and late evening. The British call the phenomenon of birds singing in the early morning the dawn chorus. Because of the superiorsound conditions, dusk and dawn are the times to conduct the serious business of attracting mates and defending territory. For predators, it is the best time to track down their noisy way animals and insects ensure that their calls connect with the intended receivers is by developing their own specialized frequencies, which are determined primarily by the size of their bodies. Recently, a scientist visiting the Peruvian rain forest made an audiotape of a little of the nights music. When he took the tape back to his lab and analyzed it, he discovered that this seemingly chaotic banquet of sound was actually highly ordered. Each animal and insect is tuned toand calling on its own species-specific frequency, in the same way that radio stations use different signals so that many stations can broadcast at the same Krause, a professor at the University of Oregon in Eugene, has found that in older tropical rain forests some species, such as the Asian paradise flycatcher, have become so specialized that their voices occupy several niches of the sound spectrum at the same time, thus laying territorial claim to several audio channels. His recordings from undisturbed rain forests around the world demonstrate a remarkable stability in the combined voices of the residents from year to year. The stability of the ambient sound gives each region a unique sound signature, or fingerprint.Paragraph 1Scientists have discovered that animals are experts at exploiting weather conditions and the physical conditions of their environments so that they are heard or not heard, and seen or not species living in rain forests must engineer their calls to accommodate all of the obstacles,such as leaf cover, that can deflect and degrade the sounds intended for a potential receiver. Over,short, loud bursts of sound tend to be more effective than longer calls at cutting through the dense foliage.1. To ” deflect” sounds means to change their direction volume frequency clarity2. The word ”potential” in the passage is closet in meaning to favorable possible expected chosenParagraph 3A species of tree frog in Borneo has an inventive approach to getting its mating call heard over thenoise. Mataphrenella sudana, which is only an inch long, has learned to exploit the sound properties of a water-filled hole in a tree in the same way that a person uses resonance, the intensificationand enrichment of a sound by added vibration, in the shower to sing like a professional frog searches for a suitable hole and then partially submerges itself in the water. Its forte is the ability to adjust the frequency of its call to the size of the hole and play the tree like a musical instrument. As it sits in the hole, it begins vocalizing at different frequencies until it hits the one note that makes the hole and tree resonate.3. The word ”inventive” in the passage is closet in meaning to simple alternate relative creative4. The word ”exploit” in the passage is closet in meaning to identify be aware of take advantage of examineParagraph 2There is no natural environment on Earth noisier than a virgin rain forest. In the Peruvian rain forest, every species has developed clever or remarkably sophisticated strategies to ensure that its voice is heard. The noise creates a real challenge for the smaller residents, such as male tree crickets, which need to get the attention of females, often from a relatively long distance. Some species of crickets maximize the volume of their calls by chewing a hole in the middle of a leaf to create a sound baffle, similar to a stereo speaker. The leaf functions as a speaker cabinet, with the cricket in the center acting as the speaker.5. Why does the author describe how some cricket species “maximize the volume of their calls”? To argue that crickets are a major source of noise in virgin rain forests To help explain why it is difficult for many smaller animals to be heard in rain forests To help explain why rain forests are noisier than other natural environments To illustrate a sophisticated way of making a call heard in a rain forest6. The author mentions a “stereo speaker” in the passage in order to contrast the ways in which humans and insects magnify their sounds compare the ranges of sounds produced by humans and insects support the claim that small size is a disadvantage for insects that produce calls help explain how small insects magnify the sounds of their callsParagraph 3A species of tree frog in Borneo has an inventive approach to getting its mating call heard over the noise. Mataphrenella sudana, which is only an inch long, has learned to exploit the sound properties of a water-filled hole in a tree in the same way that a person uses resonance, the intensification and enrichment of a sound by added vibration, in the shower to sing like a professional performer. The frog searches for a suitable hole and then partially submerges itself in the water. Its forte is the abilityto adjust the frequency of its call to the size of the hole and play the tree like a musical instrument. As it sits in the hole, it begins vocalizing at different frequencies until it hits the one note that makes the hole and tree resonate.7. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is NOT part of the process that the Borneo tree frog used to make its mating call heard? Finding a tree that has a hole of adequate size Immersing part of its body in a water-filled hole Aiming its call at a particular frog in a nearby tree Trying out a number of distinct call frequenciesParagraph 3 is marked with an arrow Paragraph 4The time of day affects how sound travels in any environment, and this fact is not lost on animals and insects. Early morning and late evening produce conditions that allow sound to travel greater distances than during the middle parts of the day. Sound travels best at night, which is why the rain forest is so wonderfully noisy between dusk and dawn. For species that sleep at night, dusk and dawn are their windows of opportunity to get the best resonance and distance out of a signal. This is why animals, especially birds, tend to be more active and noisy in the early morning and late evening. The Britishcall the phenomenon of birds singing in the early morning the dawn chorus. Because of the superior sound conditions, dusk and dawn are the times to conduct the serious business of attracting mates and defending territory. For predators, it is the best time to track down their noisy prey.8. According to paragraph 4, why do birds prefer to sing at the beginning and end of the day? Their calls are less likely to produce echoes. Their calls do not have to compete with the sounds of other animals. They are less vulnerable to predators then. The sound of their voices travels farther.Paragraph 4 is marked with an arrow 9. According to paragraph 4, what is a disadvantage of many birds all singing at dusk and dawn? There is more competition from other birds at these times. These are the safest times for birds to sleep. It is easier for predators to locate birds when so many are making noise. There are the best times for birds to find prey.Paragraph 4 is marked with an arrow 10.It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that a tropical rain forest is most quiet at dawn the middle of the day dusk nightParagraph 4 is marked with an arrowParagraph 5Another way animals and insects ensure that their calls connect with the intended receivers is by developing their own specialized frequencies, which are determined primarily by the size of