对口单招英语考纲解读及试卷分析-苏州网上教师学校.ppt

对口单招英语考纲解读及试卷分析,苏州市教育科学研究院薛群颖2010.7.28,主要内容,一、关于测试二、关于考纲三、关于试卷四、关于命题,Warming-up,猜一猜,非谓语动词考查难度例举,Sheusedto_withherparents,butnowsheisusedto_withherclassmatesatschool.A.live,livingB.live,liveC.living,livingD.living,live_twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten,Whatisagoodlanguagetest?,Agoodlanguagetestischeckingalllanguageabilities.Agoodlanguagetestistheonethatconcernsavariedtasks,suchasspeaking,listening,readingandgrammar.Also,testsonvocabularyarenecessary,however,itshouldnotbethemainpartoftheexam.Agoodlanguagetestisatestwithalotofdifferentparts.Notjustgrammar.Itistoomuch.Thebesttestisanessaytest,becausethereyoutestalotofdifferentthingsatthesametime.,一、关于测试,EvaluationAssessmentExaminationTesting,I.Definitions,Evaluate:findout,decide,theamountorvalueofAssess:decideorfixtheamountofExamine:lookatcarefullyinordertolearnaboutorfromTest:examinationortrialtofinditsquality,value,composition,etc.;trialorexamination(ofsb.Hispowers,knowledge,skill,etc.),II.Relationshipsandfunctions,测试,Whatcannotbetested?,不适合检查动手操作能力不适合考查创造思维能力不适合描述学习变化过程,III.Typesoftesting,Purposes:AchievementtestProficiencytestDiagnosistestPlacementtest,Methods:ObjectivetestingSubjectivetestingResults:Norm-referencedtestCriterion-referencedtest,Objectivetestingitems,True-falseitemsMatchingitemsCompletionitemsMultiple-choiceitems,IV.Principlesoflanguagetesting,Reliability(信度)Validity(效度)Practicality(实用性),Reliability,同一个人在不同场合参加同一测试或参加内容与难度相当的不同测试，其成绩保持一致的程度。A.Anastasi（心理测验专家）,Validity,效度是衡量一个评价工具的内容对于所要检查的教学目标的测量准确度。当代学生课业评价蔡敏,二、关于考纲,考纲研读完成练习分析思考,旧大纲,新大纲,Whyislisteningtestimportant?,听力是语言能力的重要组成部分，它与阅读一样，是吸取语言信息的手段。同时，它与说话相结合，构成了人类社会重要的交际手段。在人类交际中，有50%与听的活动有关。一般来说，听与说能力的强弱是正相关的关系。外语教育展望左焕琪,三、关于试卷,1.高考试卷与单招试卷的结构对比2.高考与单招考试单项选择部分的内容对比3.单招试卷评分标准研读,四、关于命题,命题策略比一比练一练,如何命制选择题？,1.题干要提供较充足的语言情境2.选项中共同的内容可放在题干中3.选项的内容与语言应平行、对等，属同一类型4.选项避免正反两种观点成对出现5.测试的内容避免牵涉到语言以外的知识6.答案不能凭常识就能猜对7.答案不能与材料中的语言，特别是单词完全相同,如何命制完形填空题？,1.以测试考生的阅读能力为主要目的2.考生需具有语言运用能力及概括、分析与推断能力3.第一句应保持完整4.留空越多难度越大5.留空间隔至少8-10词,如何命制阅读理解题？,1.在扫读测试中，题目应按答案在文中出现的次序排列，随机出题可能会降低测试的信度。2.不要给出无需理解文章就能找到答案的题目。,如何命制主观题？,1.题目陈述要准确，答题说明和具体要求清晰2.评分指南要清楚，包含基本要点或答题思路，要点的得分说明，答题的基本要求，如答案长度、语言组织、书写字迹等。,比一比（单项选择题）,比一比,PassageAPassageB,练一练,ThelifeofAmericanwomenchangedalotduringthe1920s.Morewomenstartedworkingoutsidethehome.TheU.S.Governmentgavewomentherighttovoteinelection.Womenslookalsochanged.Inthepast,theyhadlonghair.Nowmanywomeninthebigcitieshadveryshorthair.Insteadoflong,heavydresses,womennowworeshortones.Theyshowedtheirarmsandlegs.TheystartedwearingahatfromFrancewhichwascalledthe“cloche”.Todaywemaythinkthesehatslookstrange,buttheywerecoolinthe1920s.,Duringthe1960s,youngpeoplestartedwearingclothingthatwascompletelydifferentfromtheirparentsclothes.Theydidntwanttolookdressyorbeinstyle.Theywantedtobedifferent.Jeanswerepopular.T-shirtsoftenhadwordsorpict