成考形容词和副词.pptVIP

形容词与副词,明确这两种词的基本意义以及在语句中的功能和位置，如形容词具有修饰和限定作用，一般用来修饰名词，在语句中可用作定语和表语；副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其它副词或者句子，一般位于动词之后、形容词之前或者句子之首。,形容词和副词的学习要求：,本课要掌握的内容：,一、形容词的构成二、形容词的作用三、形容词的比较级和最高级四、形容词常用句型五、副词,形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.,什么叫形容词?,形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,一、形容词的构成:,forgetforgetfulhelphelpfulwonderwonderfuluseusefulcarecarefulbeautybeautifulthankthankfulcolour-colourful,1、+ful,2、ed,exciteexcitedworryworriedsurprisesurprisedcloseclosedinterestinterestedfrightenfrightened,3、+ing,interestinterestingexciteexcitingsurprisesurprisingfollowfollowing,sunsunnysnowsnowywindwindyrain-rainycloudcloudyhealthhealthy,4、+y所有表示天气状况的的形容词,wool-woolenwood-wooden,5、+en,6、+ern(东西南北),east-easternwest-westernsouth-southernnorth-northern,7.由“名词+ly”构成friendly,daily,weekly,sillylively,lonely,lovely,eg:1.Heisagoodstudent.2.Sheisabeautifulgirl.3.Ihaveacleverpetdog.,作定语,1.)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序直接放名词或代词前面,二、形容词的作用:,2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序有时，一个名词前出现有多个形容词作定语，这时，它们的顺序一般须根据它们与被修饰的中心词之间关系的密切程度而定。在通常情况下，它们的顺序为大致遵循以下原则：限定词（冠词等）-数量词-描绘形容词大小(长短高低)形状年龄(新旧)颜色国籍材料用途(类别)名词Eg:Iboughtanice(好看的)small(小小的)round(圆形的)new(新的)yellow(黄色的)French(法国产的)oak(橡木做的)writingdesk(写字台).美小圆旧黄，中国木书房。,Eg:anoldChinesestonebridge一座古老的中国石桥somebeautifullittleredflowers一些美丽的小红花,当形容词修饰由something/somebody,anything/anybody,nothing/nobody,everything/everybody等不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.,1.Isthereanythinginterestingintodaysnewspaper?2.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.,3.)修饰不定代词时常后置“不形”,例题：1.Samishungry,hedliketoeat_delicious.A.someB.anyC.somethingD.somewhere2.Dontworry.Thereis_aboutyourillness.serioussomethingB.anythingseriousC.nothingseriousD.somethingThereis_intodaysnewspaper.Itsboring.A.somethingnewB.interestingnewC.nothingnewD.newnothing-Whocanhelpus?-_.welldoitourselvesA.EveryoneelseB.ElseeveryoneC.NobodyelseD.Elsenobody,C,C,C,C,Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词,aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable,作表语,1.Theappletastes_andsells_.A.well;wellB.good;goodC.good;wellD.well;good2.Youranswersounds_.A.correctB.correctlyC.correctnessD.correcting3.Theywatchedamovieandfeltquite_.A.sadB.sadlyC.sadnessD.sady,C,A,A,某些动词如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语,作宾语补足语,eg.1.Doyoulikeyourteaweakorstrong?你喜欢把茶泡浓一点还是淡一点？2.Youmustkeeptheclassroomclean你应保持教室清洁。3.Theboywasbeatenblackandblue男孩被打得青一块紫一块。4.Hemadeushappy.5.Colouritgreen.,形容词和介词搭配,Aboutbecarefulabout对.小心becertainabout对.有把握beanxiousabout对.刚到忧虑besureabout对.有把握beworriedabout对.担忧becuriousabout对.好奇,Atbeangryatbegoodatbeexpertat在.有专长beexperiencedat在.方面有经验besurprisedat对.感到惊讶,for,befamousfor因.而著名bereadyfor准备好做.getreadyfor为.做好准备besorryfor对.感到抱歉begoodfor对.有好处bebadfor对.有坏处befitfor适合beunfitfor不适合beharmfulfor对.有害,三、形容词的比较级和最高级,tallerharderlargerwider,tallesthardestlargestwidest,biggerhotterfatterwetter,biggesthottestfattestwettest,happierdrierearlier,happiestdriestearliest,narrowercleverer,narrowestcleverest,moredifficultmorepopularmoreslowly,mostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远,四、形容词常用句型,形容词原级的常用句型,TomisastallasMike.,1.as+形容词原形+as,Thereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.,否定notas+形容词原形+as“和不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as“不及不如,TomisnotastallasMike.,Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.,2.so+形容词原级+that丛句such+名词that丛句,Heissobigthathecantentertheroombythedoor.,too+原级+todosth.,Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.,形容词原级+enoughtodosth.,3、比较级+thanTomistallerthanJohn能修饰比较级的副词及短：much(的多)、alot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、abit/alittle(一点儿)ThiscityismuchmorebeautifulthanthatoneTodayisevenhotterthanyesterday.,4、isthe+比较级+ofthetwo.Tomisthetallerofthetwoboys.5、数量+比较级thanHeisthreeyearsolderthanhisbrother.6、比较级+and+比较级，“越来越”Nowitishotterandhotter.现在越来越热7、The+比较级，the+比较级“越，就越”Themore,thebetter.越多越好。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbecome.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖,1.oneofthe+最高级+名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,2.最高级+of(in)(三者及以上范围的),LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.,Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.,形容词最高级的常用句型,3、the+序数词+最高级+名词+in/ofTheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina,五、副词,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。e.g.,什么叫副词?,very,early,out,soon,quickly,等等.,副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：1、时间和频度副词：now,then,often,always,early,today,already,soon,ago,yesterday等.2、地点副词：here,there,everywhere,out,in,home,upstairs,above,below,inside等.3、方式副词：carefully,politely,fast,well,extremely,anxiously等.,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,副词的种类,4、程度副词：much,little,very,rather,too,rather,almost,so等.5、疑问副词：how,where,when,why（放在特殊疑问句前）6、关系副词：when,where,why（通常引导宾语从句）7、连接副词：how,when,where,why,whether（通常引导定语从句）,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,副词的种类,五、副词的比较等级构成和用法1、副词的比较等级构成。有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级。,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.,形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.,Attentions,MountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.,Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.,fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowlymostslowly,Such.as,such.that,Such.as引导定语从句such.that引导结果从句Sheissuchagoodteacherthatwealllikeher.Sheissuchagoodteacheraswealllike.,1.-Ischemistrymoredifficultthanphyscis?-No,chemistryisntas_asPhyscis.A.easyB.difficultC.easierD.moredifficult,2.Inthispartofthecountry,wateris_oil.A.sodearasB.asdearasC.dearasD.sodear,3.Thebreadis_thanthesecakes.A.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious,C,B,B,一.单选题,4.Inourcityits_inJuly,butitiseven_inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter,D,10.TheYellowRiveristhesecond_(long)riverinChina.,11.ZhaoLeiisoneof_(young)boysinhisschool.,12.Whichis_(big),thesun,theearthorthemoon?,longest,theyoungest,thebiggest,二.用所给词的适当形式填空.,13.Maryhasthreebrothers.Smithis_(tall)ofthethree.,thetallest,14.MountQomolangmais_(high)intheworld.,thehighest,15.Jimjumped_(high)oftheall.,highest,三.请在下面的横线上填入正确的词16.篮子里的苹果比箱子里的苹果更好吃.Theapplesinthebasketaremoredeliciousthan_inthebox.17.李先生讲的故事比王先生讲的更有趣ThestoryMrLitoldusismoreinterestingthan_MrWangtoldus.18.瓶子里的水比杯子里的水干净。Thewaterinthebottleiscleanerthan_Intheglass.,those,theone,that,19.魏华跑得比李雷慢许多。Weihuaruns_thanLi